Abstract: A method of managing carrier aggregation for a multi-radio access technology (RAT) wireless transmitter/receiver unit (WTRU) is disclosed. The method may include: receiving, by the WRTU over a primary channel associated with a RAT of a first type, provisioning information for provisioning a supplementary channel associated with a RAT of a second type; establishing the supplementary channel associated with the RAT of the second type based on the received provisioning information; and wirelessly exchanging, by the WRTU, first data associated with a communication over the primary channel via the RAT of the first type, while wireless exchanging second data associated with the communication over the supplementary channel via the RAT of the second type.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may utilize pre-configured rules for scaling power levels. Channels may be grouped based on a type of data to be transmitted. A power level of a channel from a group may be scaled using the pre-configured rules. A power level of a channel of a supplementary carrier may be scaled before another channel of a non-supplementary carrier.

Abstract: Embodiments contemplate wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) transmissions of different types of uplink channels and/or signals in a system deployment where multiple destination points may exist. Some embodiments contemplate that a WTRU may select the destination point of a transmission on a dynamic basis. In one or more systems where destination point selection from among multiple potential destination points may be possible for a WTRU transmission, some embodiments contemplate the determination of the handling of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) retransmissions and for different power headroom reporting mechanisms. Embodiments also contemplate the reduction and/or inhibition of WTRU transmissions to destination points to which the WTRU may have lost connectivity.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are provided to implement scheduling for device-to-device (D2D). A WTRU (e.g., a D2D WTRU) may determine whether the WTRU has D2D data to transmit. The WTRU may determine a set of allowed SA resources and/or allowed D2D data resources for transmission of the SA. The WTRU may select an SA resource and/or D2D data resources (e.g., from the set of allowed SA resources and/or D2D data resources) for transmission. The WTRU may select one or more transmission parameters. The WTRU may select one or more transmission patterns. The WTRU may transmit D2D data over the set of allowed D2D resources using the selected transmission patterns and according to the selected transmission parameters.

Abstract: A WTRU may receive downlink control information (DCI) indicating a start of a frame. The DCI may be received on a control channel, such as the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) from an eNB, base station, AP, or other infrastructure equipment operating in a wireless communications system. The WTRU may decode the DCI and may determine a transmit time interval (TTI) duration, which may be expressed in terms of an integer number of basic time intervals (BTIs). The WTRU may determine a downlink (DL) transmission portion and assignment and an uplink (UL) transmission portion and UL grant based on the received DCI. Additionally, the WTRU may determine the start of the UL portion based on an offset (toffset). The WTRU may receive data in a DL portion of the frame and may transmit in an UL portion of the frame based on the determined UL grant and TTI duration.

Abstract: A method of managing carrier aggregation for a multi-radio access technology (RAT) wireless transmitter/receiver unit (WTRU) is disclosed. The method may include: receiving, by the WRTU over a primary channel associated with a RAT of a first type, provisioning information for provisioning a supplementary channel associated with a RAT of a second type; establishing the supplementary channel associated with the RAT of the second type based on the received provisioning information; and wirelessly exchanging, by the WRTU, first data associated with a communication over the primary channel via the RAT of the first type, while wireless exchanging second data associated with the communication over the supplementary channel via the RAT of the second type.

Abstract: Methods and devices for offloading and/or aggregation of resources to coordinate uplink transmissions when interacting with different schedulers are disclosed herein. A method in a WTRU incudes functionality for coordinating with a different scheduler for each eNB associated with the WTRU's configuration. Disclosed methods include autonomous WTRU grand selection and power scaling, and dynamic prioritization of transmission and power scaling priority.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for performing wireless communication in a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) configured for multi-radio access technology (RAT) operation are disclosed. A method includes the WTRU wirelessly communicating information on a first operating frequency according to a first RAT. The WTRU also wirelessly communicates information on a second operating frequency according to a second RAT.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are described herein for monitoring radio links between wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs) and determining of radio link failure, and may be used, among others, for New Radio (NR) vehicular communication (V2X); a mode whereby WTRUs can communicate with each other directly. A radio link between a WTRU and another WTRU may be monitored independently per ongoing unicast and/or multicast link, and radio link failure (RLF) may be determined as a function of the monitoring.

Abstract: Systems, methods and instrumentalities may be provided for handling a user plane in a wireless communication system. The wireless communication system may be characterized by a flexible air interface. One aspect of the flexible air interface is that transmissions by a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) in the system may have different quality of service (QoS) requirements, such as different latency requirements. The WTRU may adjust its behaviors based on the QoS requirements, e.g., by utilizing preconfigured resources, resource requests, self-scheduling, and/or the like, such that the transmissions may be performed in accordance with their respective QoS requirements.

Abstract: Methods and devices for offloading and/or aggregation of resources to coordinate uplink transmissions when interacting with different schedulers are disclosed herein. A method in a WTRU includes functionality for coordinating with a different scheduler for each eNB associated with the WTRU's configuration. Disclosed methods include autonomous WTRU grand selection and power scaling, and dynamic prioritization of transmission and power scaling priority.

Abstract: Described herein are techniques for performing cell reselection in a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU). The method includes receiving a radio network terminal identifier (RNTI) from a first cell, transitioning from a connected state, performing cell reselection and to select a second cell different than the first cell, initiating resumption of communication by transmitting the RNTI to the second cell and resuming communications based on the transmitted RNTI.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for a WTRU to operate using multiple schedulers. The WTRU may exchange data with the network over more than one data path, such that each data path may use a radio interface connected to a different network node and each node may be associated with an independent scheduler. For example, a WTRU may establish a RRC connection between the WTRU and a network. The RRC connection may establish a first radio interface between the WTRU and a first serving site of the network and a second radio interface between the WTRU and a second serving site of the network. The RRC connection may be established between the WTRU and the MeNB and a control function may be established between the WTRU and the SCeNB. The WTRU may receive data from the network over the first radio interface or the second radio interface.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are provided to implement scheduling for device-to-device (D2D). A WTRU (e.g., a D2D WTRU) may determine whether the WTRU has D2D data to transmit. The WTRU may determine a set of allowed SA resources and/or allowed D2D data resources for transmission of the SA. The WTRU may select an SA resource and/or D2D data resources (e.g., from the set of allowed SA resources and/or D2D data resources) for transmission. The WTRU may select one or more transmission parameters. The WTRU may select one or more transmission patterns. The WTRU may transmit D2D data over the set of allowed D2D resources using the selected transmission patterns and according to the selected transmission parameters.

Abstract: Systems, methods and instrumentalities may be provided for handling a user plane in a wireless communication system. The wireless communication system may be characterized by a flexible air interface. One aspect of the flexible air interface is that transmissions by a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) in the system may have different quality of service (QoS) requirements, such as different latency requirements. The WTRU may adjust its behaviors based on the QoS requirements, e.g., by utilizing preconfigured resources, resource requests, self-scheduling, and/or the like, such that the transmissions may be performed in accordance with their respective QoS requirements.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for enabling simultaneous transmission of different types of transmission protocols. A device such as a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) may receive configuration information and receive a data packet from an upper layer of a protocol stack operating on the WTRU. The WTRU may then determine a transmission type for the data packet at a first time based on the configuration information and a condition. The WTRU may then transmit the data packet using the determined transmission type. The configuration information may include decision criteria associated with determining the transmission type and a set of logical channels that are associated with data properties. The transmission type may be one of a network scheduled mode, WTRU autonomously scheduled mode, LTE, NR, unicast, groupcast, or broadcast.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may utilize pre-configured rules for scaling power levels. Channels may be grouped based on a type of data to be transmitted. A power level of a channel from a group may be scaled using the pre-configured rules. A power level of a channel of a supplementary carrier may be scaled before another channel of a non-supplementary carrier.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for sending uplink control information by a multi-mode wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) capable of operating on multiple component carriers of a plurality of radio access technologies (RATs) for multi-RAT operation are disclosed. The WTRU may generate uplink control information (UCI) pertaining to a first RAT and a second RAT, wherein the UCI may include a first plurality of hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgements (HARQ-ACKs) pertaining to a plurality of downlink (DL) transmissions of the first RAT and a second plurality of HARQ-ACKs pertaining to a plurality of DL transmissions of the second RAT. The WTRU may multiplex at least part of the generated UCI pertaining to the first RAT and at least part of the generated UCI pertaining to the second RAT onto a physical channel on a component carrier of the second RAT.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities may be disclosed for implementing a flexible radio access communication system. A flexible radio access communication system may be supported using spectrum of varying size, including aggregation of non-adjacent carriers in the same and/or in different frequency bands. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive a first transmission via a common downlink control channel. The first transmission may include first control information. The first control information may include information regarding the configuration of a first dedicated downlink control channel of one or more dedicated control channels. The WTRU may receive a second transmission via the first dedicated downlink control channel of the dedicated control channels. The second transmission may include second control information. The second control information may be associated with a transmission of a first transmission type.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus is provided for transmitting uplink data on uplink resources. The method and apparatus includes receiving a radio resource control (RRC) message indicating uplink resources for wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) and medium access control (MAC) timer information, transmitting uplink data based on the indicated uplink resources, and deactivating the indicated uplink resources in response to a MAC timer expiring, wherein the MAC timer is configured based on the MAC timer information.