Abstract: A non-volatile electrochemical memory cell formed of a stack of thin films comprising at least one first active layer, suited to releasing and accepting, in a reversible manner, at least one ion species, at least one second active layer, suited to releasing and accepting said ion species, in a reversible manner, the active layers being based on materials having different compositions and electrochemical potential profiles.

Abstract: A memory device including a stack of layers. At least one first active layer is based on a crystalline ionic and electronic conducting material capable of releasing and/or accepting at least one ionic species. At least one second active layer is based on a crystalline ionic and electronic conducting material capable of releasing and/or accepting the ionic species. The first active layer and the second active layer are based on a material that has a high potential variation for a low variation in the concentration of the ionic species. At least one layer forms an electrolyte between the first active layer and the second active layer, and is based on at least one ionic conducting and electronic insulating material. A measurement instrument is provided for measuring the electrochemical potential difference between the first active layer and the second active layer.

Abstract: A non-volatile electrochemical memory cell formed of a stack of thin films comprising at least one first active layer, suited to releasing and accepting, in a reversible manner, at least one ion species, at least one second active layer, suited to releasing and accepting said ion species, in a reversible manner, the active layers being based on materials having different compositions and electrochemical potential profiles.

Abstract: The basic module has a large functional surface area compared with its relatively small global surface area. It is composed mainly of a multitude of micro-volumes (10, 110) installed in a closed space between a lower border (1), upper border (2) and side border (3). Each micro-volume wall is covered with a layer forming the membrane/electrodes basic element. Circulation of a first reactant to pass inside each micro-volume (10, 110) is enabled, whereas circulation of a second reactant to pass inside each micro-volume (10, 110) is enabled. The space between the micro-volumes (10, 110) may possibly be filled in with a porous material to stiffen the assembly. Applications for small sized fuel cells.

Abstract: The invention relates to a memory device (100) comprising a stack of layers including: at least one first active layer (102) based on a crystalline ionic and electronic conducting material capable of releasing and/or accepting at least one ionic species, at least one second active layer (104) based on a crystalline ionic and electronic conducting material capable of releasing and/or accepting said ionic species, the first active layer and the second active layer being based on a material that have a high potential variation for a low variation in the concentration of said ionic species; at least one layer forming an electrolyte (106) between the first active layer and the second active layer, and based on at least one ionic conducting and electronic insulating material; measurement means (114) for measuring the electrochemical potential difference between said first active layer and said second active layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a fuel cell, comprising a step of forming a plurality of holes (10) in at least two substrates (9); each hole is in the seat of an individual fuel cell, the said holes having a particular geometry, such as a shape of a truncated cone or a truncated pyramid shape. The various individual cells are then electrically connected by networks of electrical connections (11, 12) and are supplied via a reactant distribution network, the assembly formed by a substrate (9), the cells and the networks constituting a base module (9?). Finally, at least two base modules (9?) are assembled, the individual cells of each base module being positioned facing the individual cells of the adjacent base module(s).

Abstract: The fuel cell (2) is of the kind comprising an anode (12) and a cathode (10) between which an electrolyte (18) is interposed. Solid bodies (20) storing a hydrogen mass, able to be decomposed by combustion, are associated to pyrotechnic means (24,26) to release the hydrogen and bring it into contact with the anode (12). Means (38) tap the ambient air to bring it into contact with the cathode (10). Firing of the pyrotechnic means (24,26) is placed under the control of addressing means (28) embedded in the appliance (2). The surplus water produced by the exchange between the hydrogen and the oxygen is resorbed by the temperature increase induced by combustion of the bodies (20). The solid bodies (20) are supported by an interchangeable card (22).

Abstract: The basic module has a large functional surface area compared with its relatively small global surface area. It is composed mainly of a multitude of micro-volumes (10, 110) installed in a closed space between a lower border (1), upper border (2) and side border (3). Each micro-volume wall is covered with a layer forming the membrane/electrodes basic element. Circulation of a first reactant to pass inside each micro-volume (10, 110) is enabled, whereas circulation of a second reactant to pass inside each micro-volume (10, 110) is enabled. The space between the micro-volumes (10, 110) may possibly be filled in with a porous material to stiffen the assembly. Applications for small sized fuel cells.

Abstract: This invention relates to a secure electronic device comprising: at least an electronic circuit (10) containing information to be protected, an energy source (11); at least one sensor (12, 13, 14) capable of measuring a determined physical magnitude and outputting a value representative of this magnitude, means (15, 16, 17) of comparing each value with at least one predefined threshold (ref1, ref2, ref3) outputting result signals, a device (20) for protection of information comprising means for triggering destruction of at least part of the circuit using pyrotechnic means (27), a decision-making logical device (21) capable of activating the protection device after seeing the result signals, firing means (31) capable of priming a local or global pyrotechnic micro-charge (30) using electrical energy permanently stored in the energy source.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a fuel cell, comprising a step of forming a plurality of holes (10) in at least two substrates (9); each hole is in the seat of an individual fuel cell, the said holes having a particular geometry, such as a shape of a truncated cone or a truncated pyramid shape. The various individual cells are then electrically connected by networks of electrical connections (11, 12) and are supplied via a reactant distribution network, the assembly formed by a substrate (9), the cells and the networks constituting a base module (9?). Finally, at least two base modules (9?) are assembled, the individual cells of each base module being positioned facing the individual cells of the adjacent base module(s).

Abstract: This invention relates to a secure electronic device comprising:

Abstract: The fuel cell (2) is of the kind comprising an anode (12) and a cathode (10) between which an electrolyte (18) is interposed. Solid bodies (20) storing a hydrogen mass, able to be decomposed by combustion, are associated to pyrotechnic means (24,26) to release the hydrogen and bring it into contact with the anode (12). Means (38) tap the ambient air to bring it into contact with the cathode (10). Firing of the pyrotechnic means (24,26) is placed under the control of addressing means (28) embedded in the appliance (2). The surplus water produced by the exchange between the hydrogen and the oxygen is resorbed by the temperature increase induced by combustion of the bodies (20). The solid bodies (20) are supported by an interchangeable card (22).

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for manufacturing a lithiated or overlithiated transition metal oxide comprising the following three steps, carried out successively or in a simultaneous manner: preparation of a solution of lithium alkoxide by dissolving lithium metal in an alcohol, the said alcohol being chosen among the alcohols originating from linear or ramified alkanes comprising at least three carbon atoms, the alcohols originating from unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbides, and mixtures of them; addition of a transition metal oxide powder to the said lithium alkoxide solution to obtain a dispersion; controlled reduction of the said transition metal oxide by the said alkoxide to obtain a lithiated or overlithiated transition metal oxide with a defined Li:Metal stoichiometry; the said process also comprising the following steps: evaporation of the residual alcohol, rinsing of the powder thus obtained, drying of the powder.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for production of an electrode-membrane-electrode assembly on a cylindrical substrate (1), characterized in that the electrode-membrane-electrode assembly is made by successively depositing an electrode layer (2, 3), a membrane layer (4) and an electrode layer (5, 6) around the said cylindrical substrate, the said substrate being composed of a material that can be totally or partially eliminated during an elimination step at the end of the said process.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of insertion compounds based on manganese oxide, usable as the positive electrode active material in a lithium battery.These compounds in the hatched area of FIG. 1 can be prepared by reacting in the solid state a manganese oxide powder MnO.sub.2 -.beta., having a specific surface below 7 m.sup.2 /g and an average grain size below 10 .mu.m, with a powder of a lithium compound such as Li.sub.2 CO.sub.3 or LiOH, at a temperature of 150.degree. to 500.degree. C. for an adequate time to convert the .beta.-MnO.sub.2 into manganese and lithium oxide having a lacunary or stoichiometric spinel structure.