Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining the origin of a mixture of constituents by spectral analysis. The invention especially relates to a method for determining the concentration and origin of raw gases and/or crude oils in a mixing zone following mixing by the transport of said raw gases and/or crude oils that come from at least two different sources of extraction, said method comprising a specific spectral analysis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for characterizing a target product, including the steps of: (a) forming a bank of spectral data comprising samples; (b) having measured characteristics and spectra; (c) performing a spectral analysis of the target product and comparing the spectrum obtained with the spectral data in the data bank; (d) identifying the “near neighbor” points of the target product; and (e) performing a topological calculation of the characteristic of the target product as a function of the corresponding characteristics of the near neighbor points, based on a weighting linked to the inverse of the distance between the target product and the near neighbor points.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for optimizing a mixture of components for the production of a target product by means of spectral analysis, preferably by means of spectral analysis (topological) in the near infrared region (NIR). The aim of the method is to produce a target product by batch mixing and/or continuous mixing of the “n” components thereof, on the basis of different flows of said components with controlled concentrations and/or flow rates, said target product requiring a set of ranges of values of physiocohemical characteristics for the commercialization thereof. According to the method, a batch mixer or a continuous mixer is supplied with said components with controlled concentrations and/or flow rates.

Abstract: This invention concerns methods of determining properties of oil, especially crude oil with a spectrometer. This invention also concerns a crude oil analytical and single or multi-stream sampling device which is particularly suitable for the online measurement of crude oil properties with a spectrometer (8). This invention further concerns a crude oil sampling procedure which is particularly suitable for the online measurement of crude oil properties with a spectrometer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for certifying and optimizing a mixture of components in order to obtain a target product by spectral analysis, preferably by (topological) spectral analysis in the near infra-red (“NIR”).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for generating and optimizing a bank of spectral data that can be used in a method for characterizing a target product by means of topological spectral analysis based on a limited number of available standards, the method consisting of a first step of performing the same spectral analysis on the standards, and, from the spectra obtained, forming a bank of spectral data A at multiple wavelengths and/or wavelength ranges.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for characterizing a sample-product X by spectral analysis by means of a novel spectrometer II using information acquired by means of a first spectrometer I.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining the origin of a mixture of constituents by spectral analysis. The invention especially relates to a method for determining the concentration and origin of raw gases and/or crude oils in a mixing zone following mixing by the transport of said raw gases and/or crude oils that come from at least two different sources of extraction, said method comprising a specific spectral analysis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for optimizing a mixture of components for the production of a target product by means of spectral analysis, preferably by means of spectral analysis (topological) in the near infrared region (NIR). The aim of the method is to produce a target product by batch mixing and/or continuous mixing of the “n” components thereof, on the basis of different flows of said components with controlled concentrations and/or flow rates, said target product requiring a set of ranges of values of physiocohemical characteristics for the commercialization thereof. According to the method, a batch mixer or a continuous mixer is supplied with said components with controlled concentrations and/or flow rates.

Abstract: This invention concerns methods of determining properties of oil, especially crude oil with a spectrometer. This invention also concerns a crude oil analytical and single or multi-stream sampling device which is particularly suitable for the online measurement of crude oil properties with a spectrometer (8). This invention further concerns a crude oil sampling procedure which is particularly suitable for the online measurement of crude oil properties with a spectrometer.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of detecting the transition, between a first compound and a second compound, of a product, which may contain such a first compound and/or such a second compound, and flowing inside a conduit for conveying this product.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for certifying and optimizing a mixture of components in order to obtain a target product by spectral analysis, preferably by (topological) spectral analysis in the near infra-red (“NIR”).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for characterizing a sample-product X by spectral analysis by means of a novel spectrometer II using information acquired by means of a first spectrometer I.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for characterising a target product, including the steps of: (a) forming a bank of spectral data comprising samples; (b) having measured characteristics and spectra; (c) performing a spectral analysis of the target product and comparing the spectrum obtained with the spectral data in the data bank; (d) identifying the “near neighbour” points of the target product; and (e) performing a topological calculation of the characteristic of the target product as a function of the corresponding characteristics of the near neighbour points, based on a weighting linked to the inverse of the distance between the target product and the near neighbour points.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for generating and optimising a bank of spectral data that can be used in a method for characterising a target product by means of topological spectral analysis based on a limited number of available standards, the method consisting of a first step of performing the same spectral analysis on the standards, and, from the spectra obtained, forming a bank of spectral data A at multiple wavelengths and/or wavelength ranges.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of detecting the transition, between a first compound and a second compound, of a product, which may contain such a first compound and/or such a second compound, and flowing inside a conduit for conveying this product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives of the formula (I) and their uses in the treatment and/or prevention of diseases and disorders directly or indirectly associated with the modification (increase or decrease) of the activity of the cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2).

Abstract: A method of determining or predicting a value P.sub.x of a property (e.g. octane number) of a material X or a property of a product of a process from the material or yield of the process for example a blending, separation, or chemical (e.g. polymerization) process, which method comprises measuring the absorption D.sub.ix of the material at more than one wavelength in the region 600-2600 nm, comparing the the signals indicative of the absorptions or a derivative thereof with signals indicative of absorptions D.sub.im or derivatives thereof at the same wavelength for a number of standards S in a bank for which the property or yield P is known, and choosing from the bank at least one standard S.sub.m with property P.sub.m the standard having the smallest average value of the absolute difference at each wavelength i between the signal for the material and the signal for the standard S.sub.m to obtain P.sub.x, with averaging of the properties or yields P.sub.m when more than one standard S.sub.m is chosen.

Abstract: A method of determining or predicting a value P.sub.x of a property of a feed X to a steam cracking process or yield of said process, which method comprises measuring the absorption D.sub.ix of said material at more than one wavelength in the region 600-2600 nm, comparing signals indicative of said adsorptions or a mathematical function thereof with signals indicative of absorptions D.sub.im or mathematical function thereof at the same wavelength for a number of standards S in a bank for which the said property or yield P is known, and choosing from the bank at least one standard S.sub.m with property P.sub.m said standard having the smallest average value of the absolute difference at each wavelength i between the signal for the material and the signal for the standard S.sub.m to obtain P.sub.x, with averaging of said properties or yields P.sub.m when more than one standard S.sub.m is chosen. If desired the method can be used as such to control the steam cracking process by comparison of P.sub.

Abstract: An apparatus for on-line measuring physical property data of hydrocarbon products such as octane number, cetane number, density, vapour pressure and the like or gasoline/alcohol ratio, comprising means for providing (N)IR radiation in a predetermined spectral range; means for transmitting light at selected wavelengths in the (N)IR spectral region; means for delivering light from said transmitting means to a hydrocarbon product line; means for allowing an optical path length in the hydrocarbon product line; means for detecting the light transmitted through the said optical path; means for providing the obtained signal to be input to processing equipment for spectral analysis and correlating the spectral data to the physical property data of hydrocarbon products such as octane number, cetane number, density, vapour pressure and the like or gasoline/alcohol ratio.