Abstract: A method of determining an amount of at least one molecular species in a sample from an image of the sample captured by an image acquisition device is provided, each molecular species being indicated by a dye. A dye space representation of a plurality of dyes is formed by orthogonally adding the correspondence tables of the dyes, each correspondence table having a plurality of normalized RGB triplets and incrementally extending from 0% to 100% transmittance. The dye space representation has one dimension for each dye and provides a reference model for a combination of the plurality of dyes. Each pixel of an image of the sample stained with the combination of the plurality of dyes is compared to the reference model, each pixel having a color defined by an RGB triplet, so as to determine an optimal combination of normalized RGB triplets from the respective correspondence tables of the dyes producing the color of the respective pixel.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for evaluating the prognosis of a breast cancer patient, particularly an early-stage breast cancer patient, are provided. The methods of the invention comprise detecting expression of at least one, more particularly at least two, biomarker(s) in a body sample, wherein overexpression of the biomarker or a combination of biomarkers is indicative of breast cancer prognosis. In some embodiments, the body sample is a breast tissue sample, particularly a primary breast tumor sample. The biomarkers of the invention are proteins and/or genes whose overexpression is indicative of either a good or bad cancer prognosis. Biomarkers of interest include proteins and genes involved in cell cycle regulation, DNA replication, transcription, signal transduction, cell proliferation, invasion, proteolysis, or metastasis.

Abstract: A method of determining an amount of at least one molecular species in a sample from an image of the sample captured by an image acquisition device is provided, each molecular species being indicated by a dye. A dye space representation of a plurality of dyes is formed by orthogonally adding the correspondence tables of the dyes, each correspondence table having a plurality of normalized RGB triplets and incrementally extending from 0% to 100% transmittance. The dye space representation has one dimension for each dye and provides a reference model for a combination of the plurality of dyes. Each pixel of an image of the sample stained with the combination of the plurality of dyes is compared to the reference model, each pixel having a color defined by an RGB triplet, so as to determine an optimal combination of normalized RGB triplets from the respective correspondence tables of the dyes producing the color of the respective pixel.

Abstract: A plug that makes it possible to fix in an impermeable manner an electric or telephone cable (2) to a circular opening (4) for passage of the cable. It comprises a hollow body (5) constituted by two shells intended to be fixed around the cable (2) and comprising at least two jaws (6, 7) which are retained radially in the body (5). Each jaw comprises a central opening (10, 11) for passage of the cable (2) and is supported radially on this cable at the time of fixing by clamping of the two shells to one another, the two jaws defining between them a chamber (12) intended to be filled with a sealing material. The hollow body (5) has structure for fixing it in a removable and impermeable manner to the circular opening (4) for passage of the cable.

Abstract: Acetylenic derivatives of general formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 denotes a hydrogen atom or a phenyl radical or a radical of general formula ##STR2## in which R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be identical or different, denote a hydrogen atom or a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic radical, substituted if appropriate, or form together a cycloaliphatic radical, R.sub.4 denotes a hydrogen atom or a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic radical, a hydroxy, alkyloxy, methanesulphonyloxy, benzenesulpnonyloxy or p-toluenesulphonyloxy radical, R.sub.5 denotes a hydrogen atom or a saturated aliphatic radical, R.sub.6 denotes a hydrogen atom or a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic radical are made by reaction of an acetylenic derivative of general formulaR.sub.1 --C.tbd.C--H (III)with an allyl derivative of general formula ##STR3## in the presence of a cuprous salt and an anhydrous organic base. The compounds of formula (I) are useful in organic synthesis, in particular in the preparation of the vitamins A and E.

Abstract: New chlorinated .beta.-ketoesters of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents alkyl of 1 through 6 carbon atoms or alkenyl of 2 through 6 carbon atoms, and R.sub.1 represents alkyl of 1 through 4 carbon atoms, their preparation and their use for the preparation of ethylenic ketones of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R is as hereinbefore defined.

Abstract: A cartridge for injecting a mixture of two liquid constituents comprising a reservoir (1) which has a compartment (2) for one of the constituents and a compartment (3) for the other constituent. The reservoir (1) comprises two concentric cylindrical compartments (2, 3), respectively containing a first and a second constituent. A piston (6, 7) is mounted in sliding manner in each of the two compartments (2, 3), and provision is made for sliding the two pistons (6, 7) simultaneously. Each of the compartments (2, 3) opens into a common mixing chamber (4) which comprises partitions (8, 9) defining a sinuous path of the mixture of the two constituents between the two compartments (2, 3) and the outlet opening (5) of the mixing chamber (4). Use, in particular, for injecting a semi-pasty sealing material into a hollow body.

Abstract: New chlorinated .beta.-ketoesters of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R represents alkyl of 1 through 6 carbon atoms or alkenyl of 2 through 6 carbon atoms, and R.sub.1 represents alkyl of 1 through 4 carbon atoms, their preparation and their use for the preparation of ethylenic ketones of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R is as hereinbefore defined.

Abstract: Compounds of formula ##STR1## in which n denotes an integer from 1 to 10 and X and Y, which are identical or different, each denote an electron-attracting group, are made by reacting a halogenating agent with a compound of formula ##STR2## in which R, X and Y are as hereinbefore defined, anionized by a base.

Abstract: Metallic rhodium is recovered from aqueous solutions of spent catalysts by acidification and oxidation followed by electrolysis.

Abstract: A pneumatic device for fitting cables in a tube with improved unit safety in the event of excess pressure, comprises a capsule adapted to be introduced inside a tube and connected to a line used to pull the cable inside the tube. A unit (9) has a connection (20) to a compressed air source and a compressed air outlet connector (18) adapted to be connected in a substantially sealing-tight relationship to one of the ends of the tube. The unit comprises a distributor (19, 23) for distributing compressed air to the outlet connector (18), this distributor co-operating with discharge structure (32, 28, 29) to discharge the compressed air from the unit (9) in the event of an excess pressure downstream of the unit outlet connector (18).

Abstract: A plastic sleeve for protecting splices of telephone cables and electric cables against moisture comprises two half-shells (1a, 1b) assembled together. The edge (2a) of one half-shell (1a) comprises a rib (12) engaged in a groove (13) formed in the edge (2b) of the other half-shell (1b). One side of the groove (13) is formed by a flexible wall (14). The rib (12) which is engaged in the groove has an inclined face (12a) which forms an angle (a) of a few degrees with the inclined inner face (14a) of the flexible wall (14). The space formed by this angle is filled with a strip of putty (16) which is deformed and compressed between the inclined faces (12a and 14a).

Abstract: A sleeve for protecting cable splices, in particular for telephone cables, comprises two half-shells (3, 4) so designed as to be assembled together along their longitudinal edges (3a, 4a) around the cable splice (2). The opposite ends of the sleeve have jaws (5, 6, 7, 8) for radial clamping and axial retention of the two cable ends (1a, 1b) and means are provided for forming a fluid-tight seal between the two half-shells (3, 4) and between the cable and the jaws. The half-shell (4) comprises two end elements (9, 10) which are intended to be fitted over the clamping jaws (5, 6, 7, 8) and a central element (11) which is placed between the two end elements and covers their adjacent edges (9a, 10a).

Abstract: Compounds halogenated in the .alpha.-position to an electron-attracting group of formula ##STR1## in which X denotes a halogen atom, R denotes a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon radical or a radical --(CH.sub.2).sub.3 --COOR.sub.1 and Z denotes a radical --CHO, --COR.sub.2, --COOR.sub.3, --CONR.sub.4 R.sub.5, --CN, --SO.sub.2 R.sub.6, --NO.sub.2, --CO--(CH.sub.2)p--COO.sub.1 or --COO(CH.sub.2)p--COOR.sub.1 are made by a halogenating deacylation of a compound of formula ##STR2## in which R' denotes a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon radical, R" denotes a methyl radical and Z' denotes a radical --CHO, --COR.sub.2, --COOR.sub.3, --CONR.sub.4 R.sub.5, --CN, --SO.sub.2 R.sub.6 or --NO.sub.2 or R' and R" may form a radical --(CH.sub.2)-- or R' and R" may form a radical --CO--(CH.sub.2)p-- or --COO(CH.sub.2)p--, using an alkali metal alcoholate or an alkali or alkaline-earth metal carbonate and a halogenating agent.

Abstract: Unsaturated compounds of the formula: ##STR1## in which: Q denotes alkyloxycarbonyl, cyano or formyl, R.sub.1 denotes a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic radical, R.sub.2 denotes a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical, R.sub.3 denotes a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic radical and R.sub.4 denotes a hydrogen atom or a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic radical which may be substituted, are useful as intermediates in the synthesis of vitamin E.

Abstract: Essentially pure tri-(m-sulfophenyl)-phosphine, well suited as a ligand for the formation of, e.g., rhodium-based olefin hydroformylation catalysts, is facilely prepared by (i) sulfonating triphenylphosphine with oleum, H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 /SO.sub.3, wherein the temperature of sulfonation ranges from 15.degree. to about 25.degree. C., the molar ratio of SO.sub.3 /triphenylphosphine is at least 8, and the amount by weight of SO.sub.3 in the mixture (SO.sub.3 +H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 +triphenylphosphine) at the beginning of said sulfonation reaction is at least 33%; and (ii) thence terminating said sulfonation reaction via hydrolysis of the reaction mixture.

Abstract: The invention provides novel sulphonated chiral phosphines of the formula: ##STR1## in which R represents an alkyl radical, a cycloalkyl radical optionally substituted with an alkyl radical, a cycloalkylalkyl radical optionally substituted with an alkyl radical, a phenyl, phenylalkyl, binaphthyl or binaphthylalkyl radical, in which the alkyl, cycloalkyl, phenyl and binaphthyl radicals, and the alkyl portions of the other radicals, can be substituted by a radical of general formula: ##STR2## R.sub.1 represents an alkyl, cycloalkyl, phenyl, or phenylalkyl radical, Ar represents a phenyl or naphthyl radical, m.sup.+ represents a proton or alkali metal ion or alkaline earth metal ion, m=1 or 2, n=0, 1 or 2, p=1 or 2, (p+m) .ltoreq.3, and R and R.sub.1 can be chiral or achiral. These chiral phosphines form water-soluble metal complexes useful as catalysts in asymmetric organic synthesis.

Abstract: Process for preparing chlorinated ethylenic derivatives of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 represents acetyl, formyl optionally in the form of an acetal, hydroxy optionally as an ether or ester, alkyloxycarbonyl, alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms substituted by one or more acetyl, formyl optionally in the form of an acetal, hydroxy optionally in the form of an ether or ester, or alkyloxycarbonyl, alkenyl of 2 to 12 carbon atoms containing one or more double bonds optionally substituted by one or more of acetyl, formyl optionally in the form of an acetal, hydroxy optionally in the form of an ether or ester, or alkyloxycarbonyl, or R.sub.1 represents 3-sulpholenyl or a radical of formula ##STR2## in which R.sub.2 denotes a hydrogen or acetyl, by reacting chlorine in a nonpolar aprotic solvent with a compound of general formula ##STR3## in which R.sub.1 is defined as above. The products of formula I, some of which are new, are useful as intermediates in the synthesis of terpene products such as vitamin E.

Abstract: A process for removing from a mixture of isoprene trimers compounds of the formula ##STR1## by reacting a mixture of cyclic and linear trimers with a compound having an activated carbon atom, of the formula:X--CH.sub.2 --Yin which one of X or Y is an electron-withdrawing group and the other is an electron-withdrawing or electron-donating group, in the presence of a catalyst consisting of a water-soluble phosphine and a rhodium compound, the reaction being carried out in water or in a water-alcohol medium, and separating the cyclic trimers and linear trimers containing the chain ##STR2## from the mixture of products of the formulae: ##STR3## which can be used, in particular, in the synthesis of vitamin E.

Abstract: Unsaturated compounds of the formula: ##STR1## in which: Q denotes alkyloxycarbonyl, cyano or formyl, R.sub.1 denotes a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic radical, R.sub.2 denotes a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical, R.sub.3 denotes a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic radical and R.sub.4 denotes a hydrogen atom or a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic radical which may be substituted, are useful as intermediates in the synthesis of vitamin E.