Abstract: It is referred to a flow control arrangement and a method for controlling the flow of a fluid. Given that the sensor device supports measurements for determining an average flow of a fluid, a sensor signal of a flow sensor of the sensor device is first linearized and subsequently processed, and supplied as actual flow to a controller for controlling an ON/OFF valve. The linearized signal values are provided at a rate not less than a maximum switching frequency of the ON/OFF valve. This allows for detecting oscillations resulting from a high frequent switching of the valve.

Abstract: An apparatus for fast failure switch over in an ETHERNET switch includes redundant switch (trunk) ports (a main and a backup) and hardware and software logic for redirecting traffic to the backup port when the main port (or the link associated with it) fails. The switchover is immediate and is based on the content of a local status register which indicates the port (link) status. Thus, frames addressed to the dead port are redirected to the backup port and few frames are lost. The STP function may proceed concurrently and eventually no more frames are addressed to the dead port.

Abstract: An apparatus for fast failure switch over in an ETHERNET switch includes redundant switch (trunk) ports (a main and a backup) and hardware and software logic for redirecting traffic to the backup port when the main port (or the link associated with it) fails. The switchover is immediate and is based on the content of a local status register which indicates the port (link) status. Thus, frames addressed to the dead port are redirected to the backup port and few frames are lost. The STP function may proceed concurrently and eventually no more frames are addressed to the dead port.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for supporting multiple UTOPIA bus masters on a single UTOPIA bus include coupling two UTOPIA bus masters via three signal lines (Ready, Request, and Grant), designating one of the masters a primary master and the other a secondary master, and coupling both bus masters to the same UTOPIA bus. When receiving cells from the UTOPIA bus, both masters accept cells and screen them (with a lookup table) to determine which cells are addressed to them. When transmitting cells, the primary master normally controls polling and PHY selection. The secondary master asserts the Request line during polling to indicate that it has a cell to send to a PHY that has responded positively to the polling. In response to the Request signal, the primary master asserts the Grant line and control of the bus is given to the secondary master for the next cell cycle. The presently preferred embodiment utilizes an arbitration scheme to assure fairness in allocating control of the bus.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for supporting multiple UTOPIA bus masters on a single UTOPIA bus include coupling two UTOPIA bus masters via three signal lines (Ready, Request, and Grant), designating one of the masters a primary master and the other a secondary master, and coupling both bus masters to the same UTOPIA bus. When receiving cells from the UTOPIA bus, both masters accept cells and screen them (with a lookup table) to determine which cells are addressed to them. When transmitting cells, the primary master normally controls polling and PHY selection. The secondary master asserts the Request line during polling to indicate that it has a cell to send to a PHY that has responded positively to the polling. In response to the Request signal, the primary master asserts the Grant line and control of the bus is given to the secondary master for the next cell cycle. The presently preferred embodiment utilizes an arbitration scheme to assure fairness in allocating control of the bus.