Abstract: Thermoplastic, branched aromatic polyphosphonates with average molecular weights (number average M.sub.n) of from 11,000 to more than 200,000, obtainable by transesterifying (a) from 97 to 100 moles of at least one diaryl phosphonate, and (b) from 0 to 3 moles of at least one triaryl phosphate--the sum of the moled of (a) and (b) being 100--with (c) from 90 to 99 moles of at least one aromatic dihydroxy compound, and (d) from 0 to 3 moles of at least one aromatic trihydroxy or tetrahydroxy compound--with the proviso that at least one of the components (b) and (d) is present in a quantity of at least 0.001 mole and that, where (b) and (d) are used, the maximum limit on the moles is 3.0.

Abstract: A thermic developing station for recording material which is to be developed by means of heat, comprising a rotatable drum and a heating element which is adapted to fit the curvature of the drum surface, the recording material being fed through between the drum and the heating element by the drum and at the entrance of the recording material into the heating zone an unheated member is provided which is also adapted to fit the surface of the drum.

Abstract: Novel phosphonomaleic acid esters of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is an optionally substituted alkyl radical containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and, where n=0, may also be an optionally substituted aryl radical,R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each independently is an optionally substituted alkyl radical containing from 1 to 16 carbon atoms,R.sup.5 is hydrogen, an alkyl or aryl radical containing from 1 to 7 carbon atoms, andn=0 or 1,are produced by reacting a base with a 1-halogen-1-phosphonosuccinic acid ester of the formula ##STR2## in which Hal is chlorine or bromine. The esters are useful as intermediates in the synthesis of sequestrants, corrosion inhibitors, stabilizers, flameproofing agents, pharmaceuticals and pesticides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to stable equilibrium mixtures of carbodiimides, uretone imines and organic isocyanates and to stable solutions of carbodiimides and uretone imines in polyisocyanates which are free from carbodiimide groups. Either the carbodiimide, or the uretone imine, or both, may contain isocyanate groups. The present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of such products by "heterogeneous catalysis" and the use thereof for the production of polyurethane resins. According to one embodiment of the process according to the instant invention, individual isocyanates in a mixture of various isocyanates may be carbodiimidized selectively.

Abstract: Synergistic arthropodicidal compositions containing (1) a phosphorus-containing compound of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each independently is an optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl or aryl radical, at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 being an optionally substituted alkenyl radical unsaturated in the 2-position,X is oxygen or sulphur, andY and Z each independently is oxygen, sulphur or a direct bond; and if both Y and Z are oxygen or sulphur or a direct bond, then any of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 can denote propargyl in addition to the radicals indicated above,and (2) at least one (A) carbamate, (B) carboxylic acid ester, (C) phosphoric acid ester other than (1), (D) halogenocycloalkane or (E) halogenoalkane.

Abstract: Steel, wood and other structural elements and substrates are flameproofed by being coated with a composition comprising at least one metal salt of a phosphonocarboxylic or phosphonophosphonic acid of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 =a carboxy group, a phosphono group, an alkyl, alkoxy or alkylamino radical optionally substituted one or more times by oxygen and/or nitrogen and containing at least one substituent from the group comprising the substitutents --COOH and --PO.sub.3 H.sub.2, the alkyl group containing from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and the sum of the number of carboxyl and phosphono groups being from 1 to 8, preferably from 1 to 4; or a hydroxyalkyl or aminoalkyl radical containing from 1 to 12 and preferably from 1 to 4 carbon atoms,R.sub.2 =hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, an alkyl radical with 1 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably with 1 to 4 carbon atoms; a hydroxyl, amino, acylamino such as C.sub.

Abstract: Water is conditioned by adding thereto a corrosion-inhibiting, concretion inhibiting, precipitation retarding, deflocculating, dispersing or fluidifying amount of an acid of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, independently of one another, represent hydrogen where a or b=1, or where a or b=0 represent an optionally substituted alkyl radical with 1-8 carbon atoms or an optionally substituted phenyl radical,R.sup.3 represents hydrogen, an optionally substituted alkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted phenyl radical, a halogen atom from the group comprising fluorine, chlorine and bromine, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a carboxyl group or a group --P(O)--(O).sub.a --R.sup.1 OH,R.sup.4 represents hydrogen, an alkyl radical with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkenyl radical with up to 3 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted phenyl radical, a carboxyl group, a fluorine or chlorine atom or a group --P(O)--(O).sub.a --R.sup.1 OH, orR.sup.3 and R.

Abstract: A new bath composition for processing photographic materials with at least one silver halide layer is provided in which discolorations caused by Fe III-bleaching agents are prevented by an after-treatment bath comprising phosphoric acid or a phosphonic acid as hereinafter described.

Abstract: In the production of phosphorous or phosphonous acid ester chlorides of the formulaR.sub.m (R'O).sub.n PCl.sub.3-m-nwhereinR and R' are various organic radicals,m = 0 or 1,n = 1 or 2, andm+n = 1 or 2,By reacting a trialkylphosphite, a triarylphosphite, a dialkylchlorophosphite or a diarylchlorophosphite with phosphorustrichloride, phosphorous acid alkyl ester dichloride, phosphorous acid aryl ester dichloride, or by reacting a dialkyl-phosphonite with dichlorophosphonite, at a temperature between about -10.degree. C and 120.degree. C, the improvement which comprises effecting the reaction in the presence of a catalytic quantity of a compound of at least one of 3- and 5-valent phosphorus, e.g. a phosphine, phosphine oxide, phosphine sulfide, halogen-phosphorane or phosphoric acid-tris-amide. A small amount of an alcohol or dialkalphosphite increases the yield.

Abstract: In an echo-sounding recorder wherein received echoes are recorded on a common recording surface, starting from a common zero mark, by means of a recording member moving with uniform velocity, the echo-sounding recorder being switchable to different depth-measuring ranges, respective switching members operable independently of one another for setting the recorder to different main measuring ranges and to different offset measuring ranges, and a scale associated with each of the measuring ranges, the improvement therein includes a scale carrier carrying all of the scales in a common plane, the scale carrier being formed of at least two parts respectively displaceable vertically and horizontally relative to one another, a cover plate disposed in front of the scale carrier parallel to the recorder and formed with a row of windows spaced from one another a distance corresponding to the distance between divisions of the respective scales, the scale carrier being mounted for movement relative to the cover plate in t

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a 3,4-dihydroxy phsopholane oxide of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents an alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkenyloxy, alkinyl or alkinyloxy with up to 18 carbon atoms and substitution products thereof; aryl and aryloxy having up to 14 carbon atoms and substitution products thereof; cycloalkyl and cycloalkoxy having up to 6 ring carbon atoms and substitution products thereof; dialkylamino having up to 6 carbon atoms per alkyl radical and substitution products thereof; and N-hetero-radicals, andR.sup.2, r.sup.3 and R.sup.4 independently of one another represent a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl radical or hydrogen,Comprising reacting a phospholene oxide of the formula ##STR2## with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a catalytic amount of an osmium compound at a temperature in the range of about 20.degree. to 150.degree. C, especially about 35.degree. to 100.degree. C.

Abstract: A hydroxyalkyl or aminoalkyl ester of a phospholane phosphonic or phosphinic acid of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.I is alkyl with 1 to 10 carbon atoms or aryl with up to 14 carbon atoms,R.sup.2, r.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each independently is alkyl with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, hydrogen, chlorine or bromine,R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 each independently is alkyl with 1 to 8 carbon atoms and, where a or b = 0, also an aryl radical with up to 8 carbon atoms and, where a = 1, also I/m of an m-valent cation or a hydroxy alkylene or imino alkylene radical of the formula ##STR2## R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 each independently is hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, optionally substituted phenyl, alkenyl with 2 to 4 carbon atoms, chloromethyl, bromomethyl, hydroxy methyl or etherified or esterified hydroxy methyl, in addition to which R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 may together be an alkylene bridge of 2 to 4 carbom atoms to form a ring,R.sup.9 and R.sup.

Abstract: A process for the production of an alkoxy phospholane oxide or sulphide of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is an alkyl, alkoxy or aryl radical having up to 14 carbon atoms.R.sup.2, r.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each independently is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl radical, hydrogen, chlorine or bromine,R.sup.5 is an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl radical having from 1 to 14 carbon atoms, andX is oxygen or sulphur,Comprising reacting a phospholene oxide or sulphide of the formula ##STR2## with an alcohol of the formulaR.sup.5 -- O -- Hin the presence of an alkaline catalyst, such as sodium methylate. The products catalyze the conversion of isocyanates into carbodiimides with evolution of carbon dioxide.

Abstract: In the production of isomeric five-membered ring cyclic unsaturated phosphine dichlorides by reacting an organophosphorus dichloride with a diene, the improvement which comprises carrying out the reaction in a carboxylic acid chloride. The product, without isolation, can be directly used in reaction with the carboxylic acid anhydride corresponding to the acid chloride to produce the phosphine oxide, the reaction producing additional acid chloride from the anhydride.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to novel carbodiimidization catalysts consisting of a high molecular weight, insoluble matrix and low molecular weight carbodiimidization catalysts fixed to the matrix via ionic bonds. The novel high molecular weight catalysts are suitable for the preparation of storage stable, catalyst free, equilibrium mixtures of organic carbodiimides, uretone imines and isocyanates. Either the carbodiimide, or the uretone imine or both may contain isocyanate groups. Alternatively, mono and/or polyisocyanates free from carbodiimide and uretone imine groups may be added to the equilibrium mixture. The catalysts according to the invention are capable of bringing about selective carbodiimidization of individual isocyanates in a mixture of various isocyanates.

Abstract: A cyclic phosphine oxide of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is an alkyl or an aryl radical having up to 14 carbon atoms,R.sup.2, r.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each independently is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl radical, hydrogen, chlorine or bromine,X and Y each independently is oxygen or sulfur,a, b, and c each independently is 0 or 1, andR.sup.5 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl radical and, where a = 0, also an aryl radical and, where a = 1, an equivalent of a cation,R.sup.6 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl radical and, where b = 0, also an aryl radical and, where b = 1, an equivalent of a cation,Is produced by reacting an unsaturated 5-membered cyclic phosphine oxide of the formula ##STR2## with a compound containing a phosphorus-hydrogen bond and of the formula ##STR3## in which R.sup.7 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl radical or, where a = 0, also an aryl radical, andR.sup.8 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl radical or, where b = 0, also an aryl radical,In the presence of free radicals at a temperature of about 50.degree.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to graft polymers of vinyl phosphonic acid esters, optionally together with nitrogen-containing polymerizable vinyl compounds, on polyalkylene glycols and to a process for their production. The polymers so produced necessarily contain phosphorus and, optionally, nitrogen in the molecule. The polymers are rendered flameproof by the phosphorus and, in addition, self-extinguishing by the nitrogen.

Abstract: Dicarbamic acid diesters of the formula ##STR1## in which R represents C.sub.1 - C.sub.4 -alkylene which is optionally substituted by one or more halogen atoms, and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently of one another represent C.sub.1 - C.sub.4 -alkyl which is optionally substituted by halogen atoms or together with the oxygen atoms and the phosphorus atom form a 5-membered to 7-membered heterocyclic structure, R.sub.3 is hydrogen, hydroxymethyl or C.sub.1 - C.sub.4 -alkoxymethyl and R.sub.4 represents a divalent radical, with at least 2 carbon atoms, which is free from hydroxyl groups, and of which the two bonds must start from different carbon atoms, and wherein the phosphorus content of the diester is more than 5 % by weight, are suitable as flameproofing agents for textile materials, paper and plastics.