Abstract: A bicyclic triolborate of the general formula and its use in an electrolyte composition. The use of a bicyclic triolborate in an electrolyte composition in electrochemical supercapacitors, such as for example in double-layer capacitors in electric motors.

Abstract: The invention relates to a galvanic metal coating with an adjustable satin gloss in which a matte Ni layer is deposited on a brilliant surface and is coated with a sulfamate Ni layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of end groups Y, where Y stands for CF3O— or F5S—, as hydrophobic end group in surface-active compounds, corresponding novel compounds, and processes for the preparation of these compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a galvanic metal coating with an adjustable satin gloss in which a matt Ni layer is deposited on a brilliant surface and is coated with a sulfamate Ni layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of end groups Y, where Y stands for CF3O— or F5S—, as hydrophobic end group in surface-active compounds, corresponding novel compounds, and processes for the preparation of these compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the remetallisation of surface areas on Al— and/or Mg alloys by means of laser bombardment and then by sealing using a free-flowing and electroconductive substance.

Abstract: A new coating method for light metal alloys in which an electrophoretic lacquering and a galvanic coating are combined. Thus, corrosion resistant surfaces having very good optical properties can be achieved, wherein an advantageous flexibility in view of material selection and layer thickness is preserved.

Abstract: A method for applying a metal coating to graphite structural members, in which a galvanic metal layer is deposited after said graphite structural members have been anodically etched in an alkaline etchant. The metal coating can serve as a basis for solder connections and can be employed for creating electrical contacts or for mechanically fixing the graphite structural member or it can fulfil other demands on the surface (e.g. abrasion resistance).

Abstract: A method for coating a light metal alloy component to form a protective layer comprising Sn. First, a surface of the light metal alloy component is cleaned and passivated. A layer comprising Zn is formed on the surface, and a layer comprising Sn is deposited. An intermediate layer is preferably deposited between the Zn-containing layer and the Sn containing layer. The Sn-containing layer may additionally be varnished.

Abstract: A surface of a light-metal alloy is anodically polarized in a cleaning process. The surface is cleaned with a solution containing phosphoric acid, alcohol, and optionally fluoride. Additionally, the surface is passivated in an oxidizing process using, for example, fluoride ions or an aqueous oxidizing agent. Preferably, the light-metal alloy has a relatively high Al or Mg content. This method is suitable for preparing the surface for a subsequent coating operation.

Abstract: The invention relates to borate salts and to their use in electro-chemical cells.

Abstract: Compounds are used as catalysts according to general formula (1) M+x(C(SO2CF3)3)x, whereby x is equal to 1 or 2; M represents one hydrogen or alkaline metal atom when x equals 1; and M represents one alkaline-earth metal atom when x equals 2. The invention also relates to a novel Mg compound of formula (1).

Abstract: An airbag cover in a dashboard, a steering wheel hub cover, or door panel with at least one predetermined breaking line whose shape is substantially determined by a line-shaped weakened portion. The line-shaped weakened portion is a perforation line extending until approximately below the surface visible to the vehicle passengers. This perforation line is advantageously a curve alternating around the predetermined breaking line and is at least similar in shape to the structure of the visible surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a container for flowable cleaner products, particularly for liquid thixotropic WC bowl cleaners of which the thixotropic properties cause the liquid WC bowl cleaner to adhere to vertical surface. It is the object of the invention to provide a container having a spray head which causes the flowable cleaner product, and particularly the afore-said WC bowl cleaner, to be distributed in an optimum manner and which at the same time can be sealed and closed in a child-proof manner. To this end, the container is equipped with a spray head which consists of a cylinder-like basic body and of a mandrel-like body having a plurality of spray orifices, with the geometry and the relative arrangement of the cylinder-like and mandrel-like bodies being such as to enable the required optimum distribution to be obtained, with a special design of the closure cap providing for child-proof sealing and a releasable engagement thereof with the spray head.

Abstract: An electrochemical process for preparing low-chloride aqueous solutions of titanyl nitrate which have a low chloride content, particularly, less than 200 ppm.

Abstract: Platelet-shaped colored pigments containing titanium dioxide, one or more suboxides of titanium and an oxide or oxides of one or more metals other than titanium or non-metals and a process for the preparation thereof is disclosed.

Abstract: A process for purifying crude pyrroles obtained in the preparation of pyrroles of the general formula I ##STR1## where R is hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl radical, which comprises treating the mixture containing the crude pyrrole with an acid or an activated carboxylic acid derivative and removing the pyrrole from the mixture by distillation at reduced pressure and at a bottom temperature of up to 160.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of single-multi-component metal oxide sols by hydrolysis of an aqueous metal salt solution or a solution of a metal salt mixture by direct electrolysis at -20.degree. to 50.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to carbon-containing plate-like pigments, obtainable by pyrolysis of carbon-containing compounds in the presence of either plate-like metal oxides or metal oxide mixtures or plate-like substrates coated with titanium dioxide and at least one further metal oxide under conditions in which the metal of the metal oxide is reduced.

Abstract: A process for preparing mixtures of 3-aminopropionitrile of the formula IH.sub.2 N--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CN (I)and ethylene cyanohydrin of the formula IIHO--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CN (II)comprises reacting bis(2-cyanoethyl) ether of the formula IIINC--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CN (III)with ammonia at from 50 to 170.degree. C. and under from 1 to 500 bar thermally or in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst.