Abstract: A device serves to control an electrical load of at least two single loads connected in series. Each of the at least two single loads is connected in parallel to a controllable switch, so that each of the at least two single loads can be switched independently of one another. In addition, a driver stage that drives a current into the electrical load is present. The controllable switches can be controlled by the control unit. A dummy load is connected in series to the at least two single loads.

Abstract: An ophthalmological laser system for photodisruptive irradiation of ocular tissue, including a crystalline lens or a cornea. The system includes an ultra-short pulse laser, the radiation of which is focusable as illumination light via an illumination beam path including a scanner unit and focusing optics. A control unit is programmed to execute determining irradiation control data for photodisruptions at irradiation points in an interior of the ocular tissue distributed three-dimensionally and non-equidistantly to create at least one predetermined target incision. The laser system then irradiates the ocular tissue according to the determined irradiation control data.

Abstract: A method for control and discharge control of an electrical load, in which the control and discharge occurs by means of a control frame and a discharge frame, and in which one control frame and one discharge frame represent one switching cycle for the electrical load. A plurality of switching cycles are arranged following one another, wherein a controllable switch is connected in parallel to each point load so that each point load can be switched independently of the other point load during the switching cycle. A control unit monitors the electrical current flowing in the electrical load, and the control unit uses an actual/setpoint comparison to control the current to an adjustable setpoint so that a current that is as constant as possible flows into the electrical load. The controllable switches switch on the point loads during the control frame of a switching cycle, and the controllable switches switch off the point loads during the discharge frame of a switching cycle.

Abstract: A polarization beam splitter selectively decouples detection light onto a detector such that it has a polarization direction that differs from the emitted illumination light. This enables the detection of the light scattered back in the eye lens at a high level of accuracy, since stray light from reflections at optical components of the light path is suppressed. In the generating of photo disruptions or other incisions, the ray exposure of the retina may be reduced in that the incisions being furthest away from the laser are induced first such that laminar gas inclusions with an existence duration time of at least 5 seconds result. In this manner the laser radiation propagated in the direction of the retina in further incisions are scattered and partially reflected such that the influence impinging upon the retina is reduced.

Abstract: A method for controlling an electrical load of at least two single loads includes activating and deactivating the single loads in switching cycles of predefined duration sequentially following one another. In one switching cycle, the single loads are activated and deactivated alternately with respect to one another.

Abstract: A DC/DC converter converts an input DC voltage into an output DC voltage. The DC/DC converter includes an input capacitor, an inductor, an electronic switch, a diode, an output capacitor and a control unit, wherein the control unit controls the first electronic switch as a function of the signals fed to the control unit. The input capacitor is connected between the input voltage and ground or zero point, and the inductor is connected between the input capacitor and the electronic switch. A second electronic switch, which the control unit can drive by means of a switching signal, is disposed between the load and the ground or zero point, and a second diode embodies a connection between the output of the load and the input capacitor. The control unit is fed the value of the input voltage.

Abstract: A method and system for assessing or otherwise determining defective operation of an electronic control unit (ECU). The ECU may be a vehicle or non-vehicle ECU having any number of modules configured to provide and/or support any number of operations. The defective ECU operations may be determined as a function of a voltage drop across a shunt included on the ECU.

Abstract: A method and system for assessing or otherwise determining defective operation of an electronic control unit (ECU). The ECU may be a vehicle or non-vehicle ECU having any number of modules configured to provide and/or support any number of operations. The defective ECU operations may be determined as a function of a voltage drop across a shunt included on the ECU.

Abstract: A control circuit includes a clock pulse generator operable to output a pulse-frequency ratio to a constant voltage source in order to control the power output of the constant voltage source. The control circuit further includes a driver circuit for the clocked control of at least one light emitting diode (LED) to which a measurement resistor is connected in parallel. The LED is supplied with power by the constant voltage source. The LED is turned on when the power is greater than a forward power level and is turned off when the power is less than the forward power level. The driver circuit taps a measurement voltage of the measurement resistor while the LED is supplied with power less than the forward power level. The clock pulse generator varies the pulse-frequency ratio as a function of the measurement voltage of the measurement resistor.