Abstract: The present invention relates to a coloured magnetisable security element which is suitable for the protection/verification of articles to be protected against counterfeiting and copying, in particular documents of value, is machine-readable and has a specific absorption behaviour in the NIR region, to a method for the verification of a security element of this type, and to the use of the security element for the protection and/or verification of products.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines, having a pump piston that moves in a cylinder liner and defines a pump work chamber with the cylinder. The piston has two control edges that cooperate with a control opening in the cylinder liner. One, control edge is oblique, disposed on the jacket face and communicates continuously with the pump work chamber which controls the end of supply. A first upper control edge formed by the face end of the pump piston, controls the supply onset upon overtaking the control opening. For a load- and temperature-dependent shift of the supply onset toward early, the face end of the pump piston has a first region (B), axially indented in the direction of the cam drive, forming a second control edge, which is separated from the flat region (A) on the face end by a longitudinal groove and in the first region a second region (C), indented via shoulders is disposed in turn in the direction of the cam drive, with a third control edge.

Abstract: A fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines having a pump piston driven to reciprocate by a cam drive, guided axially in a cylinder bore of a cylinder bush in which with one face end the pump piston defines a pump work chamber. The control piston has on a jacket face an oblique control edge that cooperates with a control opening in the cylinder bore. This control opening is embodied in an oval shape for the sake of a slight prepumping effect at the injection onset and a rapid opening at the end of injection, and is disposed obliquely enough in the cylinder liner so that a longitudinal axis of the oval extends approximately parallel to the oblique control edge.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for limiting road speed in electrically controlled diesel engines. The output signal of the road-speed transducer or, if the road-speed transducer is defective, the output signal of the engine speed transducer is evaluated by means of pregiven thresholds. In the presence of a simultaneous clutch signal and a quantity signal which is less than a pregiven injection quantity a waiting time is made available in advance of the quantity reduction so that when the clutch is actuated, fuel can be metered when the clutch pedal is depressed or the vehicle can be started on a hill. No transmission signal is necessary for limiting road speed whereby manipulations on the road-speed limitation are prevented.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 2,4-dinitrophenyl ethers of the general formula (1) ##STR1## in which R denotes an alkyl(C.sub.1 -C.sub.6) or alkoxy(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alky(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) group by reacting 1 mole of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene in the anhydrous alcohol which is required for the ether formation and is of the general formula (2)R--OH (2)in which R has the abovementioned meaning, in the presence of 1.0 to 3.0 mole of an anhydrous alkali metal carbonate, at temperatures of 20.degree. C. to 150.degree. C., where appropriate under pressure.