Abstract: The invention relates to a banknote (100) having a processor (124) and a memory (120). An identification number (116) of the banknote (100) is stored in the memory (120) of the security element (102) and identifies an anonymous banknote account managed by a central bank (220) issuing the banknote (100) and individually assigned to the corresponding banknote (100). A banknote-specific cryptographic key (118) is stored in a protected memory area (122) of the memory (120). A payment method executed with the banknote (100) comprises: receiving a payment request for a payment with the banknote (100), generating a payment-specific cryptogram for authorising the payment with the banknote (100), wherein the cryptogram is generated from the identification number (116) of the banknote (100) and a payment-specific code as input values using the banknote-specific cryptographic key (118), sending a payment authorisation comprising the payment-specific cryptogram.