Abstract: The present invention relates to materials formed from superabsorbent polymer (SAP) and fibers that are obtainable by pressing at not less than 60° C. and not less than 3 bar. More particularly, the present invention relates to materials which are obtained by in situ polymerization of SAP precursor mixtures on the fiber. The present invention also relates to processes for producing such materials and to their use.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel hydrophilic swellable polymers with a specific particle size distribution, to the production of the same and to the use thereof for absorbing aqueous liquids, for example in the foodstuff industry, medical field, building and design industries, agricultural industry or fireproofing applications.

Abstract: The mixture contains (a) from 5 to 95% by weight of at least one reaction product of a poly(C2-20-carboxylic acid) having at least one tertiary amino group with secondary amines and (b) from 5 to 95% by weight of at least one reaction product of maleic anhydride and a primary alkylamine.

Abstract: A process for the purification of tertiary phosphine oxides obtained in a Wittig synthesis as a contaminated by product resulting from the reaction of the corresponding tertiary phosphines, especially triphenylphosphine. The contaminated tertiary phosphine oxides coming from this Wittig synthesis have the formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 denote C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, C.sub.5 -G.sub.8 cycloalkyl, aryl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.20 aralkyl, or C.sub.7 -C.sub.20 alkylaryl. The contaminated phosphine oxide I or phosphine oxide I-containing mixtures, optionally in an inert solvent, are first caused to react with an inorganic or organic acid at temperatures of from 0.degree. to 150.degree. C. to form a crystallized acid salt. The resulting salt crystals are then treated in a purifying step with water or an inorganic base or an organic base to again form the tertiary phosphine oxide.

Abstract: A process for preparing 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-one (TAA) is described, whereina mixture comprising acetone and/or acetone condensates and ammonia in a molar ratio of from 20:1 to 3:1at from 50.degree. to 130.degree. C.is reacted in the presence of dimethyl sulfate, the amount of dimethyl sulfate being from 0.5 to 5 mol-%, based on acetone.

Abstract: A process for the deoxygenation of organic oxo compounds, in particular phosphine oxides to phosphines and nitrobenzene to aniline, with reduced redox catalysts in a non-steady-state reaction with decoupled reductive regeneration of the redox catalyst entails the redox catalyst being reduced to a lower oxidation state and being reused for the deoxygenation.

Abstract: Triphenylphosphine (TPP) is prepared by reacting triphenylphosphine dichloride (TPPCl.sub.2) with magnesium, aluminum and/or iron in the presence of an inert solvent, employing a TPPCl.sub.2 solution whose content of phosgene, chlorine, diphosgene, hydrogen chloride, thionyl chloride, sulfuryl chloride, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus oxychloride and/or aliphatic halogen compounds (active chlorine compounds) totals less than 1000 ppm Cl.

Abstract: Benzaldehyde dialkyl acetals of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, R.sup.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkoxy, halogen, cyano or carboxyalkyl where the alkyl group is of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, n is an integer of from 1 to 3 and the radicals R.sup.2 may be identical or different when n is >1, are prepared by electrochemical oxidation of a substituted toluene compound of the general formula II ##STR2## by a process in which a substituted toluene compound II is oxidized in the presence of an alkanol R.sup.

Abstract: A process for isolating triphenylphosphine (TPP) from a triphenylphosphine/aluminum chloride complex dissolved in chlorobenzene by decomplexation, hydrolysis and extraction using water and subsequent separation of the liquid/liquid dispersion, which is composed of a TPP-containing chlorobenzene phase and of an containing Al and Cl compounds aqueous phase, into a TPP-containing chlorobenzene phase and into a TPP-free, aqueous phase, containing Al and Cl compounds, whereinwater is dispersed in the chlorobenzene phase in a ratio of 0.6-0.95 kg of water per kg of chlorobenzene solution in a 1st mixing apparatus in such a way that the temperature resulting from the hydrolysis is in the range from 60.degree. to 90.degree. C., the dispersion being carried out with residence times of 5-30 minutes and energy densities of 2-10 kW/m.sup.3,a second dispersion is carried out in a 2nd mixing apparatus with residence times of 5-60 minutes and energy densities of 0.05-0.5 kW/m.sup.

Abstract: A process for preparing 4-dialkoxymethylpyrazoles of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is n-alkyl,R.sup.2 is a hydrocarbon radical,R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each hydrogen, a hydrocarbon radical, cyano, halogen or alkoxycarbonyl,entails electrochemical oxidation of a 4-methylpyrazole of the formula II ##STR2## in the presence of an alkanol R.sup.1 --OH.

Abstract: Phthalaldehyde tetraalkyl acetals are prepared by electrochemical oxidation of substituted xylenes and used as stable compounds for storing phthalaldehydes.

Abstract: A process for preparing an .alpha.-hydroxymethyl acetal by the electrochemical oxidation of a carbonyl compound, e.g. an aliphatic or aromatic aldehyde or ketone, with a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkanol under non-alkaline conditions and in the presence of an auxiliary electrolyte containing from 0 to 5% and preferably 0.5 to 3% by weight of water.

Abstract: Alkyl 2-aryl-2,2-dialkoxyacetates are prepared by electrochemical oxidation of alkyl 2-arylacetates and are used to prepare arylglyoxylic esters.

Abstract: 2-Methylbenzaldehyde dialkyl acetals of the general formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is C.sub.3 -C.sub.20 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkoxy and R.sup.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sup.8 -alkyl, with the proviso that R.sup.1 is not methoxy when R.sup.2 is methyl, are prepared and are used for the preparation of 2-methylbenzaldehydes.

Abstract: Benzene derivatives of the general formula ##STR1## where Hal is halogen, R.sup.1 is a hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and X is hydrogen or halogen, are prepared by a process in which a toluene derivative of the general formula ##STR2## is electrochemically oxidized in the presence of an acid of the formula R.sup.2 --COOH (III). Novel benzene derivatives of the general formula ##STR3## where R.sup.3 is hydrogen or an R.sup.2 --CO-- radical but R.sup.1 cannot be methyl if X is hydrogen, and of the general formula ##STR4## where R.sup.4 is a branched or cyclic alkyl radical of 3 to 12 carbon atoms, but R.sup.4 cannot be isopropyl if X is hydrogen. The compounds of formulas IV and VI are intermediates for crop protecting agents, e.g. pyrethroids.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of benzaldehyde dialkyl acetals of the general formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are hydrogen or halogen, straight-chain, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon radicals or alkoxy, acyloxy, aryloxy or aralkoxy, and n is 1 or 2, in which benzyl derivatives of the general formula ##STR2## where R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and n have the abovementioned meanings, R.sup.5 is hydrogen or R.sup.6 --CO--, and R.sup.6 is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, are anodically oxidized in the presence of an alcohol of the formula R.sup.1 --OH where R.sup.1 has the abovementioned meaning.

Abstract: Dihydroxydiones of the general formulaR--CO--CH(OH)--CH(OH)--CO--R Iwhere R is alkyl, are prepared by a process in which an aldehyde of the general formula ##STR1## where R has the abovementioned meaning, is subjected to electrolysis in a water-containing electrolyte which has a pH of less than 7.