Abstract: For a low-pressure gas discharge switch, at least two main electrodes are arranged at least a distance d from each other, the electrodes in an arcing chamber forming a cathode and an anode of a discharge path for the low-pressure gas discharge. The gas discharge is triggered by increasing the electron density in a cathode cavity, at least the cathode in its disk-shaped area having at least one aperture, the cathode and anode apertures preferably being opposite and aligned with each other, for triggering the discharge. An arrangement generating a magnetic field superimposed on the discharge between the main electrodes (1, 1a, 2, 2a) are assigned to the main electrodes (1, 1a, 2, 2a), with which either a predominantly parallel magnetic field is generated or a predominantly perpendicular one, with regard to the direction of current in the discharge.

Abstract: A unidirectional pneumatic vehicle tire has a symmetric radial carcass and a symmetric package of belt plies placed on the carcass. The tire tread of an asymmetric tread design has at least three longitudinal grooves having a depth of 12 mm to 18 mm. The tire tread has an axially outer wide tread rib, positioned, when mounted on a vehicle, so as to face outwardly relative to the vehicle. The wide tread rib has a width of 25% to 40% of the width of the tire tread when measured at half the depth of an axially outer one of the longitudinal grooves positioned adjacent to the wide tread rib. The wide tread rib is free of any tread voids having a main direction of extension and is selected from the group consisting of longitudinal grooves, longitudinal sipes, transverse grooves, transverse sipes, diagonal grooves, and diagonal sipes. The wide tread rib has tread voids having in a top view of the tire tread a substantially round contour.

Abstract: A hollow electrode switch contains at least two electrodes, which form a discharge gap for a low-pressure gas discharge and with which a hollow or cavity electrode is associated. A space charge generator, in particular a glow discharge, is provided inside the hollow electrode. This hollow electrode is intended as anode for the space charge and is electrically insulated from the electrodes. Thus one obtains an especially simple design form of the hollow electrode switch which has short switching delay and little jitter as operating characteristics.

Abstract: A gas-discharge switch with a cold-cathode low-pressure gas discharge between the cathode and the anode has a discharge gap in a central discharge region of a discharge chamber. The maximum inside height of the discharge chamber determines the length of the discharge gap. In the discharge region, the inner surface of the discharge chamber is closed. Outside of the discharge region, the cathode is provided with at least one opening. This results in a gas-discharge switch with a short delay, low jitter and little voltage dependence with constant pressure.

Abstract: A pneumatic vehicle tire having a radial carcass, the load-carriers of which are made of steel or of a material of comparable high strength, and the ends of which are anchored in the tire beads by being looped around pull-resistant bead cores. The tire has a centrally disposed tread strip with a recessed portion on each side, and a multi-ply belt, which to the sides extends into the recessed portions, and which has load-carriers made of steel or the like. A low-damping rubber layer can be disposed between plies of the belt. In order to achieve a further reduction of resistance to rolling, it is proposed to dispose a rubber layer, of soft, low-damping rubber, between the radially innermost ply of the belt and the radial carcass, with this rubber layer having a Shore A hardness in a range of from 50 to 65, and a rebound elasticity in a range of from 55 to 70%.

Abstract: A pneumatic vehicle tire for trucks, especially for the drive axles thereof. In the region of the edges of the tread, the tire has circumferential rows of blocks separated by grooves that open freely to the sides. Provided to both sides of the laterally outwardly disposed rows of blocks is a practically cylindrical surface. In order to increase the capacity of the shoulder regions of the tire to withstand dynamic stresses, and also in order to increase the support surface of the tire upon soft ground, the base of the aforementioned grooves merges in a stepless manner with the lateral cylindrical surfaces. Advantageously, the laterally outwardly disposed edges of those blocks that form the edges of the tread merge with steep side surfaces that are disposed perpendicular to the cylindrical surfaces.

Abstract: A belted tire having a respective step at each of the edges of the tread strip, with the edges of the belt extending to below the approximately horizontal surface of the step. In order to avoid undesirable heat formation, and hence to reduce the rolling resistance, a low-dampening rubber layer is disposed between two belt piles, with the rubber layer ending prior to the edges of the belt. In these regions, as extensions of the intermediate layer, respective additional rubber strips are provided. Half of the width of a given rubber strip is disposed below the belt plies, and the other half of the width of that strip extends laterally beyond the belt. These rubber strips are harder than the low-damping intermediate layer.

Abstract: A vehicle wheel and pneumatic tire assembly, including a tire which essentially comprises rubber or rubber-like synthetic material, and a rigid rim which on the radially inner periphery of the rim ring has seating surfaces for the tire, from where the tire walls initially extend essentially horizontally toward the outside. On the radially inner periphery, the rim ring is provided with support surfaces for supporting the tire during an emergency operation. In order to be able to transmit increased forces during an emergency operation, the inner wall of the tire, in the region of the tread, and the radially outer portions of the rim, are provided with raised portions and recessed portions which predominantly extend in the transverse direction, and which are adapted to engage in one another during an emergency operation of the tire.

Abstract: A pneumatic vehicle tire of elastomeric material has a radial carcass and a pull-resistant belt which is located between the carcass and the tread, and extends approximately over the width of the tread. The belt includes at least two cord fabric plies. A rubber layer is arranged at least partially between two of these plies and has a thickness in a range from the diameter of the cords of the belts to 5 mm. Furthermore, in the central region of the belt, the rubber layer located between the belt plies is considerably softer than are those portions of the rubber layer located in the vicinity of the two edge regions of the belt. The two harder portions of the rubber layer, which harder portions are arranged laterally of the softer central portion, project beyond the belt on both sides.