Abstract: Layer-type magnetic recording media are produced by applying a dispersion of a magnetically anisotropic material in a binder solution onto a flexible plastic base provided with an adhesion-promoting layer and then solidifying the magnetic layer, by a method in which the adhesion-promoting layer consists of a radiation-curable aqueous dispersion of a polymer.

Abstract: In a tandem master cylinder for a vehicle hydraulic brake system having a push-rod piston designed as stepped piston and an intermediate piston designed as stepped piston both pistons being aligned in a stepped bore of the cylinder housing for the purpose of obtaining a particularly short and compact design. The working cylinder communicates with the connecting bore of the one brake circuit provided in the large-diameter step of the intermediate piston, while the small-diameter step of the intermediate piston fits in the working cylinder formed by the small-diameter step of the stepped bore so that the working cylinder is in communication with the other brake circuit via the connecting bore.

Abstract: A tandem master cylinder which has a compensating bore in communication with a chamber on the rear side of the master piston. The bore is provided in the front wall of master cylinder piston and is adapted to be closed by means of valve body movable relative to said master cylinder piston. The valve body is provided on the end of a central clamping element interconnecting the two spring retainers of a piston restoring spring of master cylinder piston. The valve body is urged against compensating bore as soon as the piston restoring spring is loaded. In order to maintain a predetermined filling pressure in the chamber behind the master cylinder piston and in the output position of the piston in pressure chamber, the piston restoring spring is supported on a spring retainer that is held through a stop on the cylinder housing.

Abstract: The exposure meter is used in mirror reflex cameras wherein an image of an object projected by a picture taking lens onto an image plane is observed by means of a pentaprism through an ocular. For the purpose of the selective integral or spot exposure metering, a pentaprism (6) is provided at the lower edge of its exit surface with a partly transmitting concave mirror (16). The angles of the pentaprism (6) are selected so that a portion of the light flux leaving the exit pupil (EP) of the picture-taking lens (2) is incident on this concave mirror (16). A first photoelectric detector system is associated with the concave mirror (16) and a second detector system is associated with the prism surface (6c) following the concave mirror in the direction of the beam path, and the output signals from these detectors control a display and/or an exposure control. An additional optical component (13,14a,15b,15) is provided to implement a desired beam path in the pentaprism (6).

Abstract: Disclosed is a reflex camera having a range finder assembly consisting of a focussing disk, field lens, pentaprism and eyepiece and having an electronic range finder wherein the imaging lens of the reflex camera projects an image of the object to be photographed onto a grating which is arranged in an image plane of the imaging objective lens and which acts as a spatial frequency filter. This image is projected through the pentaprism by means of a fully reflecting concave mirror ground onto the lower edge of the exit surface of the pentaprism. A photoelectric receiver system is associated with the grating, and a reflecting grooved grating is provided as the spatial frequency filter. The groove plane is arranged parallel or obliquely with respect to the image plane, so that the partial beams created by the splitting of the principal beam on the reflecting grooved grating are reflected back in the direction of the top edge surfaces of the pentaprism.

Abstract: A mirror relex camera having a single objective and a horizontal optical axis passing through the objective. A viewer system consisting of a focusing screen, a field lens, a pentaprism and an eyepiece is located sequentially along the optical axis. A fully specular concave mirror ground on the lower edge of the exit surface of the pentaprism projects an image of an object to be photographed from the picture-taking objective of the mirror reflex camera through the pentaprism onto a grating acting as a spatial frequency filter which is followed by a photoelectric detector system. The grating is located in the focal plane of the concave mirror. An optical wedge (13) defining a measuring spot of the viewer is provided in the plane of the focusing screen and deflects one part (14) of the viewer beam so that in the vicinity of the eyepiece (6) of the viewer (in the vicinity of the concave mirror (7c) two mutually vertically offset and overlapping pupil images (AP', AP") are generated.

Abstract: In a mirror reflex camera (1) having a viewer system consisting of a focusing screen (4), a field lens (5) a pentaprism (7) and an ocular (6) and with an electronic range finder (9, 10a10n), an optical means (11) defining a measuring spot is arranged in the plane of the focusing screen for the purpose of splitting the exit pupil (AP) of the picture-taking objective (2). This optical means is a clear-glass wedge and splits a partial beam (12) off the viewer beam (8). This partial beam serves to generate, upon its reflection from the surfaces 7b and 7a of the pentaprism (7) and from the concave mirror 7d ground on the lower edge of the exit side 7c, an image (B") of the object onto the lens elements 10a-10n of the array (9)of photoelectric detectors.

Abstract: A device for magnetically orienting the magnetizable particles of magnetic recording media in a preferred direction, which media are obtained by applying a coating of anisotropically magnetic particles finely dispersed in a solution of an organic binder system and conventional additives to a non-magnetic base, and subsequently solidifying the coating, by the action, on the still fluid coating, of the magnetic fields produced by two E-shaped electromagnets arranged symmetrically with respect to, and in mirror-image relationship to, the plane of the said coating.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium comprising a non-magnetic base and a magnetizable layer which is applied to at least one side thereof and comprises magnetic particles finely dispersed in a polymeric binder and additives, the surface of the magnetizable layer being provided with a coating of a perfluoropolyether oil mixture as a lubricant.

Abstract: A photographic camera with an electrical circuit for generating an electric signal proportional to the relative motion between the object sighted and the camera. The camera has a control circuit which receives the generated signal and provides an output signal which is fed to a display and/or control device. An indicator is provided to the user of the camera for indicating whether the exposure time is set too long for the relative motion present between the object and the camera. Automatic control of the camera is also provided. Individual photosensor elements are arranged in two alternately connected groups within the electrical circuit. The individual photosensor elements may also be arranged in two substantially perpendicular directions to provide a relative motion signal corresponding to two dimensional movement between the object to the photographed and the camera.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of magnetic recording media by dispersing a mixture of particulate anisotropic magnetic material and additives in a solution of a polymeric binder in an organic solvent, compressing and then releasing the pressure on the dispersion, thereafter applying a layer of the dispersion to a non-magnetizable base, orienting the anisotropic magnetic material by means of a magnetic field, and drying the coating.

Abstract: An optical electronic device such as a photographic camera having an objective optical system for forming two images of the same object laterally offset with respect to each other, and a photoelectric receiving device receiving the offset signals. The photoelectric receiving device includes a pair of individual photoelectric receivers upon each of which one of the images of the object is incident. The individual receivers have approximately equal receiving areas which uniformly increase laterally from one side to the other and each receiver provides electrical output signals to an electronic difference circuit.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved apparatus for the manufacture of magnetic discs carrying very thin magnetic layers, by applying a fluid dispersion of magnetic materials in a binder mixture to rigid base discs by the spin-coating process. Above the side of the base disc which is to be provided with the magnetic layer, there are arranged means which produce an aerodynamic boundary layer above the discs during rotation of the latter. This avoids the formation of surface irregularities and of coating streaks during production of the layer by spin-coating.

Abstract: A mirror reflex camera having a pentaprism and an electronic rangefinder is improved by displacing the viewer axis by an angle up to 5.degree. downward with respect to the optical axis of the picture taking lens. This is accomplished by modifying the pentaprism to have a fully specular concave mirror (7b) at the lower edge of the exit surface of pentaprism (7) and by selecting the angular dimensions of the pentaprism (7) so that the viewer axis (8a) deviates by an angle beta up to 5.degree. downward with respect to the optical axis (8) which is horizontal in the ordinary operational position of the camera, and by having ocular (6) offset upward and so slanted with respect to its position when the optic axis (8) is horizontal that the ocular axis (6a) subtends an angle alpha up to 5.degree. with the optic axis (8).

Abstract: Chromium dioxide magnetic pigments can be stabilized against the loss of their magnetic properties by treating them, in alcoholic aqueous suspension, with a silane or a hydrolysis product thereof, so that when the pigment is isolated from the suspension medium the particles bear at least partially hydrolyzed silane on their surfaces, and then drying the magnetic pigment at from 50.degree. to 200.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved process for the manufacture of magnetic discs carrying very thin magnetic layers, by applying a fluid dispersion of magnetic materials in a binder mixture to rigid base discs by the spin-coating process. Above the side of the base disc which is to be provided with the magnetic layer, there are arranged means which produce an aerodynamic boundary layer above the discs during rotation of the latter. This avoids the formation of surface irregularities and of coating streaks during production of the layer by spin-coating.

Abstract: Magnetic recording media comprising a base and, applied thereto, at least one firmly adhering magnetic layer based on magnetic particles dispersed in a mixture of organic binders, wherein at least the uppermost magnetic layer additionally contains non-magnetic particles of precipitated silica having a primary particle diameter of from 0.02 to 0.1.mu., a secondary particle diameter of from 2 to 4.mu. and a pH of from 5 to 8.As a result of the incorporation of such a precipitated silica into the magnetic layer, the coefficient of friction between the latter and metals remains uniformly low even after prolonged use, and no stick-slip motion occurs.

Abstract: A system for determining photoelectrically the position of at least one focus plane of an image within an optical apparatus, wherein the object is reproduced at least at one spatial frequency filter of an optical image correlator and there is measurement and/or display of the light fluxes leaving the local frequency filter.In this system light fluxes traversing differing pupil sections of the reproducing optics are modulated in common by a spatial frequency filter and are split up geometrically or physically, or by means of additional modulation in correspondence with the pupil sections. They are consecutively or simultaneously projected on a common photoelectric receiver or on separate photoelectric receivers, the output signals of which are processed further for purposes of controlling display and/or follow-up devices.

Abstract: Magnetic recording media consisting of a non-magnetic base and, applied thereto, a firmly adhering magnetic coating based on finely divided magnetic pigment dispersed in organic binders, which coating contains, according to the invention, salts of long-chain basic polyaminoamides with high molecular weight organic acid esters.Such magnetic recording media exhibit improved mechanical resistance and improved adhesion of the coating to the base, coupled with advantageous electromagnetic properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of improved magnetic discs by applying a thin layer of a liquid dispersion of magnetic pigments and optionally further, non-magnetic, pigments in a binder mixture to a non-magnetic rigid base, and curing the magnetic coating which has been applied. The binder used is a mixture of polycondensates comprising 60 to 70% by weight of a solid curable polycondensate of 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propane and epichlorohydrin having an epoxy equivalent weight from about 400 to 2,500 and a melting point from about 50.degree. to 150.degree. C, 10 to 30% by weight of a curable allyloxybenzene-formaldehyde condensate of the resol type with free methylol groups or with methylol groups etherified with a lower alcohol, and having a molecular weight of less than 1,000, and 10 to 30% by weight of a curable melamine-formaldehyde condensate with more than two methylol groups etherified with n-butanol or iso-butanol, and having a molecular weight of less than 2,500.