Abstract: Device for producing an electron beam includes a housing, which delimits a space that is evacuatable and has an electron beam outlet opening; an inlet structured and arranged for feeding process gas into the space; and a planar cathode and an anode, which are arranged in the space, and between which, a glow discharge plasma is producible by an applied electrical voltage. Ions are accelerateable from the glow discharge plasma onto a surface of the cathode and electrons emitted by the cathode are accelerateable into the glow discharge plasma. The cathode includes a first part made of a first material at least on an emission side, which forms a centrally arranged first surface region of the cathode, and a second part made of a second material, which forms a second surface region of the cathode that encloses the first surface region.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for producing an electron beam, comprising a housing (12), which delimits a space (13) that can be evacuated and has an electron beam outlet opening; an inlet (16) for feeding a process gas into the space (13) that can be evacuated; a planar cathode (14) and an anode (15), which are arranged in the space (13) that can be evacuated and between which a glow-discharge plasma can be produced by means of an applied electrical voltage, wherein ions can be accelerated from the glow-discharge plasma onto the surface of the cathode (14). The cathode has a first part (14a) made of a first material, which forms a centrally arranged first surface region of the cathode (14), and a second part (14b) made of a second material, which forms a second surface region of the cathode (14) that encloses the first surface region.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with a centrifugal pump, particularly adapted for pumping liquids with a heavy gas content. To separate the gases from the liquids the impeller is provided with ducts leading from the central inlet to the peripheral outlet of the pump, the ducts being of progressively smaller cross section from the inlet to the outlet and openings are provided through the impeller disc for the escape of gases. There are a plurality of openings and the cross sectional area presented by the openings for the escape of gas is progressively lesser from the inlet region to the outlet region.