Abstract: The present invention relates to a centrifuge having a compressor cooling device and it also relates to methods for controlling a compressor cooling device of a centrifuge. The centrifuge according to the invention has a controllable throttle device in the refrigeration cycle of the compressor cooling device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a centrifuge having a compressor cooling device and it also relates to methods for controlling a compressor cooling device of a centrifuge. The centrifuge according to the invention has a controllable throttle device in the refrigeration cycle of the compressor cooling device.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for dynamics compression in images or signal series represented by individual amplitude values, input amplitude values EA of the images or signal series are subjected to a local spatial amplitude averaging, to generate locally spatially averaged input amplitude values <EA>. Differential function values are then formed based on differences between the input amplitude values EA and the locally spatially averaged input amplitude values <EA>, and output amplitude values AA of the images or signal series are generated from the formed differential function values. In forming the differential function, additional differential values are superimposed on the differences formed from the input amplitude values EA and the locally spatially averaged input amplitude values <EA>, which additional differential values are formed from the input amplitude values EA and a predefined reference value GA.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for recycling silicone-coated paper by disintegration and new formation of sheets, which comprises carrying out the disintegration in the presence of one or more salts of monophosphoric esters.

Abstract: A device to control a gas-fired appliance as a function of the composition of a gaseous fuel. The device includes a thermal conductivity sensor emitting a measurement signal dependent upon the thermal conductivity of the gaseous fuel. An analyzing unit receives the measurement signal and uses it to develop a control signal dependent upon the composition of the gaseous fuel. A control unit receives the control signal and uses it to control the operating parameters of the gas-fired appliance, in the case of a gas engine particularly the parameters of air/fuel ratio, output and angle of advance. The analyzing unit may include an input interface into which data on the type of gaseous fuel components may be entered, which are used for the generation of the control signal. Preferably the control signal is proportional to the available methane number of the gaseous fuel, whereby the operating parameters of the gas engine are controlled so that the methane number required is adjusted to the methane number available.

Abstract: Hydraulic pressure representing engine throttle position is applied to a valve spool having two control surfaces. In opposition to the force of a control spring, a pressure line, which opens to the valve chamber between the two control surfaces, carries regulated line pressure through a flow orifice in a first connecting line and through an aperture stop in a second connecting line. The flow orifice of the first connecting line is arranged in parallel with an aperture of the second connecting line, both the first and second connecting lines being connected directly to the valve chamber.

Abstract: A device for controlling the flow rate of a fuel gas/air mixture, and/or the ratio between the fuel gas and air in such a mixture. The device includes a body having an air inlet, a fuel gas inlet, a fuel gas/air mixture outlet, a gas-control passage in the body, with the cross-sectional area of the gas-control passage being variable via a control device for controlling the flow of fuel gas through the device, and an adjustable air-control passage for adjusting the flow of air through the device. The air-control and gas-control passages are configured and disposed in the body in such a way that they cooperate to also form an area within the body where said controlled fuel gas and air flows are combined and mixed.

Abstract: A case or housing for a clock, particularly for use in moist rooms, has a cup-shaped dome portion with an opening that is closed by a cover glass at the side of the observer and while a rear portion is closed by a back cover. A support plate which is provided in the dome portion divides the case into several inner spaces and bears a clock movement that can include a dial. In order for the case to be suitable for moist rooms, such as bathrooms, communicating with the case inner space which is adjacent the interior face of the cover glass are air circulation passages which communicate with the outside.

Abstract: Anhydrous or substantially anhydrous formic acid is obtained by hydrolysis of methyl formate, in a process wherein(a) methyl formate is hydrolyzed,(b) the methanol and excess methyl formate are distilled from the hydrolysis mixture obtained,(c) the bottom product of distillation (b), consisting of formic acid and water, is extracted, in a liquid-liquid extraction, with an extractant which in the main takes up the formic acid,(d) the resulting extract phase, consisting of formic acid, the extractant and a part of the water, is subjected to distillation,(e) the top product obtained from this distillation and consisting of all or part of the water introduced into the distillation, and part of the formic acid, is recycled, as vapor, into the lower part of the distillation column of stage (b),(f) the bottom product of distillation stage (d), consisting of the extractant, with or without part of the water, and the greater part of the formic acid, is separated by distillation into anhydrous or substantially anhydrou

Abstract: Manufacture of formaldehyde by oxidative dehydrogenation of methanol in the presence of a silver catalyst using methanol obtained from a condensate derived from the evaporation of aqueous reaction mixtures in the synthesis of urea resins and then treated with caustic soda solution under specific conditions of temperature, pressure, residence time and initial formaldehyde concentration. The formaldehyde obtained is a disinfectant, tanning agent, reducing agent and starting material for the manufacture of synthetic resins, adhesives and plastics.

Abstract: Hydroxylammonium salts are manufactured by a process comprising the catalytic reduction of nitric oxide with hydrogen in a dilute aqueous solution of a mineral acid in the presence of a suspended platinum catalyst at an elevated temperature, wherein the reaction mixture is recycled and the gas mixture, containing nitric oxide and hydrogen, present in the gas space above the reaction zone, is introduced, by means of one or more downwardly directed jets of liquid, consisting of the recycled reaction mixture and issuing from a nozzle orifice, into one or more circulation zones which are present in the reaction zone, are open at both sides, extend in the direction of the entering jet of liquid and are completely covered by the reaction mixture, the reaction mixture leaving the bottom of the circulation zone and containing unconverted gases is deflected, passed upwards in the annular zone externally surrounding the circulation zone, and at the same time reaction mixture of low gas content is recycled from a separa

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for measuring fuel consumption of liquid-fuel engines with variable power yield depending on operating conditions, especially the fuel consumption of automotive engines, characterized by one fuel metering unit each for return fuel flow and/or forward fuel flow, consisting of: a pair of circular chambers; a freely rotating gear, located within each said chamber; tangentially arranged holes extending into each circular chamber and acting as entry and outlet ports for fuel; a light transmitting component, located in the wall of each chamber and closing the chambers in the zones of the teeth of a ring gear; an infra-red transmitter and an infra-red receiver external to each chamber on one optical axis with the light transmitting components; and a measuring circuit connected to each infra-red receiver, and including a pulse transformer and a comparison circuit.

Abstract: Dioxane is produced by reaction of ethylene glycol or a polyethylene glycol using an acid catalyst. The reaction product containing dioxane, water and byproducts is subjected to extractive distillation with a high-boiling agent which is miscible with water.