Abstract: A safety control system for switching on and safely switching off at least one actuator, including at least one input module for evaluating an input signal of a safety transmitter and for generating an output signal, and at least one output module for the safe actuation of the at least one actuator as a function of the output signal of the input module. The input signal has different signal parameters as a function of the type of safety transmitter. Furthermore, the safety control system includes a setting unit having a memory in which the signal parameters for the input module are stored, and the input module evaluates the input signal as a function of the signal parameters.

Abstract: A method and system for safely switching off an electrical load in a system comprising a multi-channel control unit, a single-channel data transmission path and an output unit having a first processing unit, a second processing unit and safe outputs. The method comprises receiving and evaluating an input signal by the multi-channel control unit and generating an enable signal based on the evaluation; transmitting the enable signal to the output unit via the single-channel data transmission path; receiving the enable signal by the first processing unit and generating an output signal based on the enable signal; providing at least one part of the enable signal from the first processing unit to the second processing unit for evaluation therewith; generating a dynamic clock signal by the second processing unit based on the enable signal; and controlling the safe outputs based on the output signal and the dynamic clock signal.

Abstract: A fail-safe safety switching device comprises first and second input channels for receiving first and second input signals, and a first testing arrangement for testing the first and second input channels. The first input channel comprises a first entry circuit and a first threshold element connected via a first coupling element to a second testing arrangement and a first transition circuit in a galvanically isolated manner. The second input channel comprises a second entry circuit and a second threshold element connected via a second coupling element to a third testing arrangement and a second transition circuit in a galvanically isolated manner. The first testing arrangement comprises a third coupling element, a ground terminal and a group testing terminal. The first and second threshold elements are connected to the ground terminal and via the third coupling element to the group testing terminal in a galvanically isolated manner.

Abstract: A method for synchronizing display elements of a plurality of subscribers of a distributed, bus-based control system is proposed. The subscribers comprise a message transmitter and a plurality of message receivers. The message receivers each comprise a respective display element, which can be toggled between a switched-on state and a switched-off state, and a control unit for producing a control signal for toggling the display element from one state to the other. The message transmitter sends a respective current bus message via the bus in defined recurring bus message time intervals. The respective bus message comprises a bus message counter that has a respective value from a defined value range. The counter value is changed in a predefined manner each time when a current bus message is sent. The message receivers receive the respective bus messages via the bus.

Abstract: A method and system for safely switching off an electrical load in a system comprising a multi-channel control unit, a single-channel data transmission path and an output unit having a first processing unit, a second processing unit and safe outputs. The method comprises receiving and evaluating an input signal by the multi-channel control unit and generating an enable signal based on the evaluation; transmitting the enable signal to the output unit via the single-channel data transmission path; receiving the enable signal by the first processing unit and generating an output signal based on the enable signal; providing at least one part of the enable signal from the first processing unit to the second processing unit for evaluation therewith; generating a dynamic clock signal by the second processing unit based on the enable signal; and controlling the safe outputs based on the output signal and the dynamic clock signal.

Abstract: A safety control system for switching on and safely switching off at least one actuator, including at least one input module for evaluating an input signal of a safety transmitter and for generating an output signal, and at least one output module for the safe actuation of the at least one actuator as a function of the output signal of the input module. The input signal has different signal parameters as a function of the type of safety transmitter. Furthermore, the safety control system includes a setting unit having a memory in which the signal parameters for the input module are stored, and the input module evaluates the input signal as a function of the signal parameters.

Abstract: A fail-safe safety switching device comprises first and second input channels for receiving first and second input signals, and a first testing arrangement for testing the first and second input channels. The first input channel comprises a first entry circuit and a first threshold element connected via a first coupling element to a second testing arrangement and a first transition circuit in a galvanically isolated manner. The second input channel comprises a second entry circuit and a second threshold element connected via a second coupling element to a third testing arrangement and a second transition circuit in a galvanically isolated manner. The first testing arrangement comprises a third coupling element, a ground terminal and a group testing terminal. The first and second threshold elements are connected to the ground terminal and via the third coupling element to the group testing terminal in a galvanically isolated manner.

Abstract: A bus-based control system comprises a plurality of bus subscribers which are connected to one another by means of a communication medium. The bus subscribers are assigned logical subscriber addresses. Next, the assigned subscriber addresses are verified. For this purpose, the bus subscribers use a defined mathematical operation to calculate a common first check value which is compared with a second check value. The mathematical operation begins with a defined starting value and comprises a number of operation steps which use a number of defined operands. Each of the subscriber addresses to be verified forms a different operand, and each bus subscriber executes at least one operation step.

Abstract: A method for synchronizing display elements of a plurality of subscribers of a distributed, bus-based control system is proposed. The subscribers comprise a message transmitter and a plurality of message receivers. The message receivers each comprise a respective display element, which can be toggled between a switched-on state and a switched-off state, and a control unit for producing a control signal for toggling the display element from one state to the other. The message transmitter sends a respective current bus message via the bus in defined recurring bus message time intervals. The respective bus message comprises a bus message counter that has a respective value from a defined value range. The counter value is changed in a predefined manner each time when a current bus message is sent. The message receivers receive the respective bus messages via the bus.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for controlling safety-critical processes, such as the monitoring of protective doors, emergency stop switches, light curtains and the like. A control unit is connected to a plurality of I/O units via a data transmission link. The I/O units transmit process data to the control unit, with the process data being protected against transmission errors by means of a diversitary multiple transmission. The process data are encoded using a variable keyword in order to generate variably encoded process data. The variably encoded process data are transmitted to the control unit as part of the diversitary multiple transmission.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for controlling safety-critical processes, such as the monitoring of protective doors, emergency stop switches, light curtains and the like. A control unit is connected to a plurality of I/O units via a data transmission link. The I/O units transmit process data to the control unit, with the process data being protected against transmission errors by means of a diversitary multiple transmission. The process data are encoded using a variable keyword in order to generate variably encoded process data. The variably encoded process data are transmitted to the control unit as part of the diversitary multiple transmission.

Abstract: A heating device for a gas sensor, in particular for use in the exhaust gas analysis of internal combustion engines, including a heating element having an electrical resistor layer. The heating element is embedded in a first insulation which in turn is surrounded, at least in part, by a second insulation. The first and the second insulation have different porosities.

Abstract: A heating device (40) for a gas sensor is described, in particular for use in the exhaust gas analysis of internal combustion engines, including a heating element (43) having an electrical resistor layer. The heating element (43) is embedded in a first insulation (41) which in turn is surrounded, at least in part, by a second insulation (42). The first and the second insulation (41, 42) have different porosities.