Abstract: The invention relates to a substrate for packaging of or for attachment to products which are sensitive to aging and temperature, having a planar time-temperature integrator comprising a matrix and at least one reversible indicator embedded therein, which has photochromic properties on the basis of transfix reactions, arranged in the region of the substrate.

Abstract: Electrochromic display device comprising a pair of glass or plastic plates or plastic films of which at least one plate or film or both plates or films is/are provided on one side each with an electrically conducting coating. At least one plate or film and its conductive coating is transparent. On at least one of the two plates or films, the electrically conductive layer is divided into separate segments which are individually connected to a power source and each has an electric lead from the edge of the device. The plates or films are joined via a sealing ring on the sides on which they are conductively coated. The volume formed by the two plates or films and the sealing ring is filled with an electrochromic medium. The electric leads to the segments are electrically insulated from the electrochromic medium.

Abstract: The novel electrochromic system comprises at least one reducible and at least one oxidizable substance OX2 and RED1 respectively, which are linked with one another via a bridge member, and is outstandingly suitable for use in an electrochromic device.

Abstract: Electrochromic display devices, whose plates having conductive coatings are subdivided into segments which are electrically separated from one another, can be contacted individually and, between the plates, contain a solvent, specific electrochromic substances and optionally conductive salts, are distinguished by excellent edge definition and high contrast.

Abstract: The invention concerns an electrochrome system comprising a mixture of reducible and oxidizable substances RED1 and OX2, at lest one RED1′-OX2′ pair being covalently interlinked via a bridge and, for at least one RED1″ or OX2″ substance, the reciprocal conversion of the oxidized form and the reduced form being brought about by the fracture or formation of a &sgr;-bond. The electrochrome system is characterized by simplified electron transfer and reduced secondary reactions.

Abstract: Use of compounds in the plastic columnar discotic liquid-crystal phase for transport of electric charges.

Abstract: The use of low molecular-weight or polymeric organic compounds which are present in the columnar-helical phase and have liquid-crystalline properties, as photoconductors or in electronic components, corresponding photoconductive layers, an electrophotographic recording material and a method for enhancing the photoconductivity.

Abstract: The light-induced modification in a side-chain polymer containing at least one side group whose configuration can be modified induced by light and at least one permanently shape-anisotropic side group can be amplified by warming to a temperature between the glass transition temperature and the clearing point. This effect opens up new aspects for optical data storage.

Abstract: The use of low molecular-weight or polymeric organic compounds which are present in the columnar-helical phase and have liquid-crystalline properties, as photoconductors or in electronic components, corresponding photoconductive layers, an electrophotographic recording material and a method for enhancing the photoconductivity.

Abstract: Disclosed the use of organic materials having a specific conductivity of less than 10.sup.-2 S/cm and a nonionic charge carrier mobility greater than 10.sup.-4 cm.sup.2 /Vs as charge transport medium, with the proviso that an increase in the charge carrier concentration by a factor of 10 or more is not caused in this organic material by light absorption, and corresponding electrochemical cells.

Abstract: Side-group polymers whose permanently shape-anisotropic side groups carry lateral substituents are particularly suitable, owing to their excellent properties, for optical components which can be employed, in particular, in optical data storage and transfer.

Abstract: In an electroluminescent arrangement containing one or more organic layers, at least one of the layers is obtained by thermal or radiation-induced crosslinking and at least one charge-transporting compound is present per layer. The novel arrangements are very suitable, for example, for the production of displays.

Abstract: The present invention relates to photoconductors composed of low molecular weight or polymeric organic compounds with liquid crystal properties, where the photoconduction in the discotic phase is higher than in the non-liquid-crystal phases, and to a method for increasing the photoconductivity by molecular ordering in photoconductors.

Abstract: Methacrylate (co)polymers containing carbazolyl side groups contain or are composed of repeating units of the general formula (I) ##STR1## where m is an integer of from 3 to 11. The novel methacrylate (co)polymers containing carbazolyl side groups can advantageously be used as photoconductors in photoconductive layers, in particular of electrophotographic recording elements.

Abstract: Methacrylate (co)polymers containing carbazolyl side groups contain or are composed of repeating units of the general formula (I) ##STR1## where m is an integer of from 3 to 11. The novel methacrylate (co)polymers containing carbazolyl side groups can advantageously be used as photoconductors in photoconductive layers, in particular of electrophotographic recording elements.

Abstract: For the preparation of acrylate and/or methacrylate polymers containing carbazolyl side groups, polymers of acryloyl chloride and/or of methacryloxyl chloride are subjected to a polymer-analogous reaction in solution with alcoholates of N-(.omega.-hydroxyalkyl)-carbazoles. The poly(meth)acrylates containing carbazolyl side groups and prepared in this manner have good photoconductor properties and can advantageously be used in electrophotographic recording elements.

Abstract: Narrow-band electrical pulses which are delayed with respect to a first direct pulse produced are generated by a method in which space charges are pulsed in an electric field in a dielectric.

Abstract: A non-destructive readout scheme suitable for use with a holographic storage system having data stored in three spatial dimensions and one frequency dimension is described. The readout scheme and the holographic storage system use a preferred storage material which undergoes a reversible photochromic reaction involving two inhomogeneously broadened absorption bands. Information is written into the storage system by exposing the material to a holographic interference pattern of light at a frequency within either one of the two absorption bands. The non-destructive readout scheme involves reconstructing the original information by sensing the change in the index of refraction at a frequency just outside of and near either one of the two absorption bands. The readout scheme also includes sensing refractive index changes near one or more narrow absorption lines within either absorption band.

Abstract: An optical data storage system and method that utilizes the frequency dimension to increase the storage capacity significantly. The system includes a storage material, for example, in the form of a block, adapted to undergo a photo induced reaction upon exposure to light and which exhibits inhomogeneous absorption line broadening. Data bits are stored by selective photo induced reactions induced by a narrow band laser at specific frequencies within the broad inhomogeneous line. The lifetime of these photo induced data bits is of the order of years so as to provide a non-volatile storage system. In a preferred embodiment, a material is selected so that the photo induced reaction can be made reversible thereby permitting, when desired, the erasing of the data bits.