Abstract: Vision testing methods and apparatuses are disclosed, the methods including measuring the modulation to a wavefront of light imparted by a contact lens, determining the wavefront modulation necessary to emulate the optical properties of the lens as worn on a patient's eye, generating a static or dynamic image viewable by a patient, modulating the wavefront of the image remote from the patient to attain the wavefront necessary to emulate the optical properties of the lens as worn on a patient's eye, and relaying the wavefront to a plane nearby, on, or within the patient's eye.

Abstract: A vision testing system comprises a image wavefront modulator, eye tracking system, focusing system using a spherical concave mirror, and a patient station. In various embodiments, the image wavefront modulator and the patient's eyes are positioned off axis with respect to the optical axis of the focusing mirror. Thus, optical elements in the wavefront modulator may automatically adjust to correct for aberrations introduced by the focusing system. Moreover, the optical elements may also be used to automatically correct for magnification errors introduced by movement of the patient within the patient testing station. Furthermore, the eye tracking system may be used to determine the errors introduced by movement of the patient eyes. Finally, the wavefront modulator may be used to produce an image on the patient's retina that accurately emulates an image that result if the patient was looking through a spectacle lens of a particular design during various gaze angles.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for vision testing and for simulation of eyesight correcting modalities is disclosed, the method including generating one or more images to be viewed by a patient, modulating the wavefront of each image by a differing amount and/or changing other optical attributes of one or more images by differing amounts, and selecting the preferred image based upon patient response. The apparatus includes devices for generating one or more images to be viewed by a patient, modulating the wavefront of each image by a differing amount and/or changing other optical attributes of one or more images by differing amounts, and devices for selecting the preferred image based upon patient response.

Abstract: A vision testing method and apparatus are disclosed, the method including generating an image, modulating the wavefront of the image remote from the patient, relaying the modulated wavefront to a plane nearby, on, or within the patient's eye, varying the modulation of the wavefront based upon patient or operator response, and conveying the value of the wavefront modulation to the operator. The apparatus includes devices for generating an image, modulating the wavefront of the image that is physically remote from the patient, optically relaying the modulated wavefront of the image to a plane nearby, on, or within a patient's eye, varying the modulation of the wavefront of the image based upon patient or operator response, and conveying the value of the continuously modulated wavefront to the operator.

Abstract: A vision testing method and apparatus are disclosed, the method including measuring the modulation to a wavefront of light that is imparted by an intra-ocular lens, determining the wavefront modulation necessary to emulate the optical properties of the IOL after it replaces the crystalline lens in a patient's eye, generating a static or dynamic image viewable by a patient, modulating the wavefront of the image remote from the patient to attain the wavefront that necessary to emulate the optical properties of the IOL after it is implanted, and relaying said wavefront to a plane nearby, on, or within the patient's eye.