Abstract: A golf club head with a high spring rate face assembly, particularly one designed for driver-type heads, including a body with a ball striking face and rearwardly extending depending sole and crown walls and a hosel, with a high spring rate annular spring seated against the rear surface of the face with a short spring height, where the spring has a high face force to deflection ratio, and is preloaded against the face.

Abstract: A golf iron clubhead configuration for increasing and controlling face flexure while stabilizing the face in all directions other than the flexure direction and reducing face vibration. The two features that contribute to these results are firstly to free the facewall from z axis restraint by the other portions of the clubhead to the maximum extent possible, limited by clubhead integrity. The second is to stabilize the free face in x and y coordinates of the facial plane with a horizontally elongated tongue or piston attached indirectly, not directly to the face. This tongue slides and is stabilized in a tight-fitting lubricated groove in the rear of the clubhead positioned downwardly from the geometric center of the clubface.

Abstract: A golf cage system that uses the customer's garage door tracks as the frame for the cage. The cage is oriented to transfer loads from ball impact through the tracks to the frame of the door in a perpendicular direction to minimize track twisting. The cage has a ball striking drop panel suspended from a shaft mounted on rollers or end caps that ride in the tracks and fastened to the tracks in their active position. Side panels and a top panel are also supported on the rollers at their forward ends and supported on another set of rollers in the tracks at the distal ends of the tracks. Low profile tie-downs are epoxied to the concrete garage floor to facilitate unobstructed foot and tire traffic.

Abstract: A golf iron clubhead configuration tor increasing and controlling face flexure while stabilizing the face in all directions other than the flexure direction and reducing face vibration. The two features that contribute to these results are firstly to free the facewall from z axis restraint by the other portions of the clubhead to the maximum extent possible, limited by clubhead integrity. The second is to stabilize the free face in x and y coordinates of the facial plane with a horizontally elongated tongue or piston attached indirectly, not directly to the face. This tongue slides and is stabilized in a tight-fitting lubricated groove in the rear of the clubhead positioned downwardly from the geometric center of the clubface.

Abstract: A golfer body attached brace assembly for restricting motion of a long putter end to a fixed axis path with respect to the golfer's body including a base fixed to a frontal portion of the golfer's body with a pivotal joint on the base attached to the butt end of the putter restricting motion of the putter end to the axis of the joint. The base is held against the body using, as an example, the golfer's head to rotate the base toward the body.

Abstract: A television signal and image processing system that superimposes an indicator of the fall line of a golf green adjacent the hole on the green image to be televised to the viewer. This process is achieved by generating and storing typographical maps of the greens on a golf course and generating and storing the locations of the holes on those greens, the locations of the holes are then merged with topography of the individual greens, and then the high (above the hole) and low (below the hole) fall lines are calculated in xyz coordinates, and synthesized arrows having the same coordinates are then applied to the merged topography with one arrow on the high side of the hole point downwardly on the fall line in three dimensions and a second arrow on the low side of the hole also pointed downwardly.

Abstract: A golf swing training system that straps to the rear or trailing arm of the golfer and guides movement of that arm to correctly delay release of the golf club on the downswing until the trailing arm bicep is approximately pointing toward the ground. A servo motor locks the trailing arm at the elbow from extension near the top of the backswing as the trailing arm reaches its fully bent position preventing premature club release during the initial downswing, and releases the elbow when the upper arm reaches a near vertical position on the downswing. The entire system is controlled by an on-board microprocessor encoded by input angle signals of the trailing arm bending movement adapted to the swing cycle of the individual golfer under study.

Abstract: An improved line of golf clubs tailored to the golfer. The face wall firstly is designed so that the face wall modulus of elasticity increases from a low modulus for the low swing speed range to progressively higher modula for the higher swing speed ranges. Face modulus can be altered by a variety of techniques including face wall thinning, material selection and heat treatment or a combination thereof. In each of the swing speed range clubs, the face has a first modulus of elasticity determined by the face itself and after the face deflects to a predetermined value, the face modulus is significantly increased by a secondary wall parallel to and closely spaced behind the face wall.

Abstract: An aircraft integrated non-lethal weapon system AINLWS for commercial aircraft with a sealed bulkhead between the cockpit and the cabin. The cockpit has an air-conditioning system CAS separate from the cabin air-conditioning system PAS, the non-lethal weapon NLW material is injected into the cabin by a NLW supply system, and the cabin is exhausted, after securement, by an NLW exhaust system and the cabin returned to the cabin air system.

Abstract: A metal club head designed for increased flexure at ball impact including a face wall reinforcing network that increases in thickness from the perimeter wall to a point near the face wall geometric center.

Abstract: A line of golf clubs tailored to the swing speed of the golfer. The basic principles of the present invention can be applied to a single club, but optimally these principles are applied to a plurality of different club heads designed to the specific speed range of the golfer; namely, 50 to 65 mph, 66 to 80 mph, 81 to 95 mph, 96 to 105 mph, and 106 to 140 mph. Maximum ball exit speed from the club head is achieved from club face deflection in each of these ranges near the maximum at which the face wall reaches its permanent elastic deformation. To achieve these principles, the face wall firstly is designed so that the face wall modulus of elasticity increases from a low modulus for the low swing speed range to progressively higher moduli for the higher swing speed ranges. Face modulus can be altered by a variety of a techniques including face wall thinning and face wall reinforcement or a combination of both.

Abstract: A high impact golf club head with a face wall surrounded by a perimeter wall. After initial ball impact this face wall deflects and impacts a separate light weight open cellular structure that supports the face wall as it deflects and minimizes face wall failure.

Abstract: A space-saving multiple tier vertical flow toaster for simultaneously toasting items loaded vertically from the top of the toaster. The first items loaded into the toaster pass through an upper tier and are arrested in a lower tier. The next items loaded are arrested in the upper tier and both the upper tier and lower tier items are toasted sequentially. A control system discharges the lower tier items first and then discharges the upper tier items enabling them to pass through the lower tier and be discharged.

Abstract: A rotary latch for a clamshell housing with truncated circular upper and lower lugs, that can if desired, be made in a single plastic molding and rotatably attached to the housing without any rivets, pins or screws. The upper lug has an arcuate extent of more than 180 degrees and the lower lug has an arcuate extent coaxial with the upper lug but less than 180 degrees. The latch is an annular plastic body that is deformed to snap over and rotatably mount on the upper lug, effected by an annular recess in the body that extends 360 degrees inside around the body so as the body rotates on the upper lug, it never loses contact over any portion thereof. The lower lug is axially offset from the upper lug and the latch body has a latch cup portion that scoops and aligns the lower lug with the upper lug in three orthogonal coordinates. The latch cup portion is also axially offset from the upper lug so it can pass behind the upper lug as the latch body is rotated from a latch position to a release position.

Abstract: A golf club head with a shortened hosel and extended ferrule including a hollow body having a ball striking wall, and a top wall extending rearwardly from the ball striking wall. The hosel extends downwardly from the top wall with a shaft receiving bore therein, and extends upwardly from the top surface of the club a much shorter distance than conventional with a flat top surface much larger than normal and an annular outer surface that flares sharply outwardly. The ferrule head in some embodiments has a larger than normal lower surface equal in size and shape to the hosel top surface with an outer surface that curves sharply outwardly and downwardly in lower portions thereof in a smooth transition into the hosel outer surface. The top of the hosel bore is chamfered, and the ferrule is epoxied not only to the inserted shaft but also to the enlarged hosel top surface to increase the hosel's ability to absorb side loading from the inserted shaft.

Abstract: A golf club head with an internal power shaft that extends along the target line. In a high volume club head embodiment above 250 cm..sup.3, constructed of a low modulus alloy compared to stainless steel, the power shaft has a preload, or static compression, to increase the modulus of elasticity of the head and ball striking face. This preload technique is expanded in another embodiment into a semi-customized line of golf club woods, where the club head modulus of elasticity increases with the golfer's club head speed by progressively increasing preload in the club head line. The power shaft is press-fitted into the rear of the ball striking face to reduce bonding and welding difficulties in joining the power shaft to the ball striking face. The modulus of the face wall and the power shaft is enhanced by casting or welding the sole plate of the club head along an axial extent directly to the outer surface of the power shaft thereby increasing its columnar strength.

Abstract: A golf club head with a shortened hosel and extended ferrule including a hollow body having a ball striking wall, and a top wall extending rearwardly from the ball striking wall. The hosel extends downwardly from the top wall with a shaft receiving bore therein, and extends upwardly from the top surface of the club a much shorter distance than conventional with a flat top surface much larger than normal and an annular outer surface that flares sharply outwardly. The ferrule head has a larger than normal lower surface equal in size and shape to the hosel top surface with an outer surface that curves sharply outwardly and downwardly in lower portions thereof in a smooth transition into the hosel outer surface. The top of the hosel bore is chamfered, and the ferrule is epoxied not only to the inserted shaft but also to the enlarged hosel top surface to increase the hosel's ability to absorb side loading from the inserted shaft.

Abstract: A pool or beach chair that when flipped over converts to a supine body support for back tanning consisting of an arcuate tubular body support shorter in length than an average adult female wrapped with fabric or elastic bands on both sides. Tubular legs on one side support the body support in the chair mode and tubular loops on the other side form chair arms in the arm mode and ground supports for one end of the body support in the inverted supine mode. The other end of the body support is supported in the inverted supine mode by a pair of smaller tubular loops at the head end of the body support that also serve as handles for moving the chair or flipping it over to the inverted supine mode or position.

Abstract: A wood-type golf club having an enlarged club head in the range of 250 to 300 cm.3 constructed of a material lighter than steel to maintain the total club head weight within normal limits including the weight of novel power shaft according to the present invention. The club head, without the power shaft, is approximately 175 gms. and the power shaft weighs approximately 25 gms., so the total club head weight is approximately 200 gms. and within normal limits. The power shaft, integral with the rear of the ball striking face wall at its forward end and integral or cast into the rear of the club head at its rear end, while reinforcing the ball striking face wall, increases the resonant frequency of the face wall to synchronize face wall rebound to the player's swing speed. Face wall resonant frequency is varied by changing the size and weight of the power shaft.

Abstract: An improved high impact metal clubhead with a unique reinforced composite face wall, increased radius of gyration, and a positive lift air foil surface contour. The composite face wall includes an impact supporting wall rigidified by a pattern of integrally cast reinforcing bars that extend forwardly, rather than rearwardly, from the supporting wall. The reinforced supporting wall is covered by a very hard plastic ball striking insert that is cast in situ over the supporting wall. The increase in radius of gyration is accomplished by extending the heel and toe portions of the clubhead along the face wall further from the geometric center of the head, beyond present day parameters for high impact clubheads. And the positive lift is effected by contouring the top wall of the clubhead downwardly and rearwardly from the base wall more severely almost to the plane of the sole plate, and flattening the rear wall so it is almost co-planar with the sole plate.