Abstract: A method of preparing an organosilicon compound via selective silylation of ethylene is disclosed. The method comrises prises reacting via silylation (A) a hydridochlorosilane compound and (B) ethylene in the presence of (C) a catalyst, thereby preparing the organosilicon compound. The silylation may be selectively conducted as a dehydrogenative coupling to prepare the organosilicon ompound as a vinylchlorosilane compound, or as a hydrosilylation to prepare the organosilicon compound as an ethylchlorosilane compound. The catalyst (C) comprises a Ru(0) complex, and may be recycled for use in subsequent silylation reactions without purification. The organosilicon compound prepared according to the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of forming chloro-substituted silanes from the reaction of an alkoxysilane with a chlorinating agent in the optional presence of a catalyst is provided. More specifically, chloro-substituted silanes, including but not limited to silicon tetrachloride, are formed by reacting a chlorinating agent, such as thionyl chloride, with an alkylalkoxysilane having the formula (R?O)4-xSiRx, where R and R? are independently selected alkyl groups comprising one or more carbon atoms and x is 0, 1, 2, or 3. The catalyst may be dimethylformamide, (chloromethylene)dimethyliminium chloride, or triethylamine, among others. The chloro-substituted silane formed in the reaction along with several by-products has the formula (R?O)4-x-ySiRxCly; where x is 0, 1, 2, or 3 and y is 1, 2, 3, or 4. One of the by-products of the reaction is an alkyl chloride.

Abstract: A method of forming chloro-substituted silanes from the reaction of an alkoxysilane with a chlorinating agent in the optional presence of a catalyst is provided. More specifically, chloro-substituted silanes, including but not limited to silicon tetrachloride, are formed by reacting a chlorinating agent, such as thionyl chloride, with an alkylalkoxysilane having the formula (R?O)4-xSiRx, where R and R? are independently selected alkyl groups comprising one or more carbon atoms and x is 0, 1, 2, or 3. The catalyst may be dimethylformamide, (chloromethylene)dimethyliminium chloride, or triethylamine, among others. The chloro-substituted silane formed in the reaction along with several by-products has the formula (R?O)4-x-ySiRxCly; where x is 0, 1, 2, or 3 and y is 1, 2, 3, or 4. One of the by-products of the reaction is an alkyl chloride.

Abstract: The present invention provides a solar cell having a silicone resin layer. The solar cell comprises a silicone resin film that is at least partially cured and a photovoltaic element formed adjacent the silicone resin film.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of forming ductile multilayer silicone resin films. The method may include forming a silicone resin film comprising at least two polymer layers, at least one of them being a silicone resin layer. The thickness of the silicone resin layer(s) is less than a corresponding ductile transition thickness.

Abstract: A fiber reinforced composite including layers of fibers, each layer being impregnated with a resin. The layers include in combination a layer of an addition cured silicone resin and a layer of an organic resin. The layers form a hybrid composite having a higher modulus retention at elevated temperatures than the addition cured silicone resin alone. The hybrid composite's mechanical properties are similar to the organic resin composite, but demonstrate enhanced thermal resistance and reduced flammability.

Abstract: A fiber reinforced composite including layers of fibers, each layer being impregnated with a resin. The layers include in combination a layer of an addition cured silicone resin and a layer of an organic resin. The layers form a hybrid composite having a higher modulus retention at elevated temperatures than the addition cured silicone resin alone. The hybrid composite's mechanical properties are similar to the organic resin composite, but demonstrate enhanced thermal resistance and reduced flammability.

Abstract: A fiber reinforced composite including layers of fibers, each layer being impregnated with a resin. The layers include in combination a layer of an addition cured silicone resin and a layer of an organic resin. The layers form a hybrid composite having a higher modulus retention at elevated temperatures than the addition cured silicone resin alone. The hybrid composite's mechanical properties are similar to the organic resin composite, but demonstrate enhanced thermal resistance and reduced flammability.

Abstract: A hydrosilylation reaction curable composition that includes a silsesquioxane polymer, a mixture of silanes or siloxanes as a cross-linking compound and a hydrosilylation reaction catalyst. The curable composition is cured to form a cured resin having high fracture toughness and strength without the loss of elastic modulus.

Abstract: Fiber reinforced silicone matrix resin based composites are made more resistant to delamination by incorporating a suitably tough, lower modulus silicone resin, different from said matrix resin, between each fiber layer of the composite. Preferably, woven mats of glass or carbon fibers impregnated with a desired silicone matrix resin are coated with a precursor of the tougher interleaf silicone resin. The resulting laminate of alternating matrix resin-fiber layers and interleaved layers of the tougher silicone resin provides a tougher silicone based composite.

Abstract: A hydrosilylation reaction curable composition including a silsesquioxane polymer, a cross-linking compound, a hydrosilylation reaction catalyst and colloidal silica having a surface coating formed thereon. The curable composition is cured to form a cured resin having high fracture toughness and strength without the loss of elastic modulus and glass transition temperature.

Abstract: Fiber reinforced silicone matrix resin based composites are made more resistant to delamination by incorporating a suitably tough, lower modulus silicone resin, different from said matrix resin, between each fiber layer of the composite. Preferably, woven mats of glass or carbon fibers impregnated with a desired silicone matrix resin are coated with a precursor of the tougher interleaf silicone resin. The resulting laminate of alternating matrix resin-fiber layers and interleaved layers of the tougher silicone resin provides a tougher silicone based composite.

Abstract: A hydrosilylation reaction curable composition including a silsesquioxane polymer, a cross-linking compound, a hydrosilylation reaction catalyst and colloidal silica having a surface coating formed thereon. The curable composition is cured to form a cured resin having high fracture toughness and strength without the loss of elastic modulus and glass transition temperature.

Abstract: A hydrosilylation reaction curable composition that includes a silsesquioxane polymer, a mixture of silanes or siloxanes as a cross-linking compound and a hydrosilylation reaction catalyst. The curable composition is cured to form a cured resin having high fracture toughness and strength without the loss of elastic modulus.

Abstract: A process for producing a cured silsesquioxane resin. The process includes fractionating the silsesquioxane resin a plurality of times utilizing an organic solvent in combination with an organic non-solvent. The fractionated resin is then stripped of excess solvent. The stripped resin is then mixed with a cross-linking compound to form a curable composition. The curable composition is cured to form a cured resin having high fracture toughness and strength without the loss of elastic modulus.

Abstract: A method of making an organopolysiloxane sheet or tube polymer involves contacting a sheet or tube silicate with an organo-H-chlorosilane to form an organosiloxane sheet or tube polymer with pendent .tbd.Si--H groups. Subsequently, the organosiloxane sheet or tube polymer with pendent .tbd.Si--H groups is contacted with an alkenyl group containing compound in the presence of a hydrosilation catalyst. The catalyst is used in an amount effective to catalyze a hydrosilation reaction between the alkenyl group on the alkenyl group containing compound and the hydride functionality on the organosiloxane sheet or tube polymer with pendent .tbd.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of forming siloxane polymers using a heteropoly catalyst having a Keggin structure. The method comprises contacting a fluid comprising at least one siloxane polymer precursor selected from the group consisting of cyclic siloxanes (I) having the formula (RR'SiO).sub.a and linear siloxanes (II) having the formula ##STR1## where R is a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R' is hydrogen or a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a is at least 3 and b is at least 1; with an effective amount of a heteropoly catalyst having a Keggin structure, selected from the group consisting of heteropoly acids (III) having the formula H.sub.n XM.sub.12 O.sub.40, salts thereof and mixed acid-salts thereof, where X is B.sup.+3, Si.sup.+4, Ge .sup.+4, p.sup.+5, M is Mo.sup.+6 and n is 3, 4 or 5, as required for the valence of the heteropoly acid to equal 0, at a temperature ranging from about 23.degree.

Abstract: Organopolysiloxane sheet or tube polymers are made by contacting a sheet or tube silicate with an alkenyl group containing chlorosilane to form an alkenylsiloxy polymer, and subsequently contacting the alkenylsiloxy sheet or tube polymer with a hydrosilane or hydrosiloxane in the presence of a hydrosilation catalyst, to catalyze a reaction between the alkenyl group on the alkenylsiloxy polymer and hydride functionality on the hydrosilane or hydrosiloxane. Silylalkoxysiloxane sheet or tube polymers are made by contacting a sheet or tube silicate with an acidic solution of an alkenyl alcohol to form a polymeric sheet or tube alkenyloxysiloxane, and subsequently contacting the alkenyloxysiloxane with a hydrosilane or hydrosiloxane in the presence of a hydrosilation catalyst, to catalyze a reaction between the alkenyl group on the alkenyloxysiloxane and hydride functionality on the hydrosilane or hydrosiloxane.

Abstract: Silane modified polyoxometalate anions represented by the formula YZ(SiRR').sub.n were prepared by reacting a silane having two hydrolyzable groups with a lacunary polyoxometalate anion. In the formula YZ(SiRR').sub.n, Z is M.sub.11 O.sub.39.sup.-12, M.sub.9 O.sub.34.sup.-14 or M.sub.17 O.sub.61.sup.-20, where M is tungsten or molybdenum; Y is As.sup.+5, Si.sup.+4, B.sup.+3, Ge.sup.+4, P.sup.+5 or Fe.sup.+5 when Z is M.sub.11 O.sub.39.sup.-12, Y is Si.sup.+4, Ge.sup.+4, or P.sup.+5 when Z is M.sub.9 O.sub.34.sup.-14 and Y is As.sub.2.sup.+10 or P.sub.2.sup.+10 when Z is M.sub.17 O.sub.61.sup.-20 ; R is selected from the group consisting of monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from 1 to 24 carbon atoms, monovalent halogenated hydrocarbon or carbon radicals having from 1 to 24 carbon atoms and monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from 1 to 24 carbon atoms substituted with an epoxy group, an amino group, a mercapto group or a methacrylo group; R' is a hydrogen atom or R and n represents the number of (.dbd.

Abstract: A clear antiperspirant gel is made by combining and mixing together (A) an astringent compound having a refractive index of 1.48 to 1.53 which is an antiperspirant salt in the form of (i) a tray dried compound, (ii) an encapsulated salt, or (iii) a solvent solution of a salt compound; and (B) a clear anhydrous organic oil free gel formed with a gelator which is 12-hydroxystearic acid or its metal salts, and an aromatic containing silicone fluid or blend of silicone fluids.