Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for depositing material onto substrates in a multi-station deposition apparatus having a first station and a second station are provided. One method may include providing a first substrate onto a first pedestal of the first station, providing a second substrate onto a second pedestal of the second station, and for a first part of a deposition process, simultaneously generating a first plasma at the first station while the first pedestal is separated by a first distance from a first showerhead of the first station, thereby depositing a first layer of material onto the first substrate, and a second plasma at the second station while the second pedestal is separated by a second distance from a second showerhead of the second station, thereby depositing a second layer of material onto the second substrate, in which the first distance is different than the second distance.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to maintain pH within a range conducive for cell growth in a bicarbonate-containing cell culture system without the addition of base. The method relies on the gas transfer characteristics of the bioreactor system to modulate the CO2 transfer to and from the cell culture such that the pH of the cell culture can be maintained within a desired range.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for depositing material onto substrates in a multi-station deposition apparatus having a first station and a second station are provided. One method may include providing a first substrate onto a first pedestal of the first station, providing a second substrate onto a second pedestal of the second station, and for a first part of a deposition process, simultaneously generating a first plasma at the first station while the first pedestal is separated by a first distance from a first showerhead of the first station, thereby depositing a first layer of material onto the first substrate, and a second plasma at the second station while the second pedestal is separated by a second distance from a second showerhead of the second station, thereby depositing a second layer of material onto the second substrate, in which the first distance is different than the second distance.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to maintain pH within a range conducive for cell growth in a bicarbonate-containing cell culture system without the addition of base. The method relies on the gas transfer characteristics of the bioreactor system to modulate the CO2 transfer to and from the cell culture such that the pH of the cell culture can be maintained within a desired range.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to maintain pH within a range conducive for cell growth in a bicarbonate-containing cell culture system without the addition of base. The method relies on the gas transfer characteristics of the bioreactor system to modulate the CO2 transfer to and from the cell culture such that the pH of the cell culture can be maintained within a desired range.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to maintain pH within a range conducive for cell growth in a bicarbonate-containing cell culture system without the addition of base. The method relies on the gas transfer characteristics of the bioreactor system to modulate the CO2 transfer to and from the cell culture such that the pH of the cell culture can be maintained within a desired range.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method or process for controlling, inhibiting or reducing protein fucosylation in a eukaryote and/or eukaryotic protein expression system. Said method comprises carrying out the protein expression and/or post-translational modification in the presence of an elevated total concentration of manganese or manganese ions.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to maintain pH within a range conducive for cell growth in a bicarbonate-containing cell culture system without the addition of base. The method relies on the gas transfer characteristics of the bioreactor system to modulate the CO2 transfer to and from the cell culture such that the pH of the cell culture can be maintained within a desired range.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method or process for controlling, inhibiting or reducing protein fucosylation in a eukaryote and/or eukaryotic protein expression system. Said method comprises carrying out the protein expression and/or post-translational modification in the presence of an elevated total concentration of manganese or manganese ions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method or process for controlling, inhibiting or reducing protein fucosylation in a eukaryote and/or a eukaryotic protein expression system. Said method comprises carrying out the protein expression and/or post-translational modification in the presence of an elevated total concentration of manganese or manganese ions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method or process for controlling, inhibiting or reducing protein fucosylation in a eukaryote and/or a eukaryotic protein expression system. Said method comprises carrying out the protein expression and/or post-translational modification in the presence of an elevated total concentration of manganese or manganese ions.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to maintain pH within a range conducive for cell growth in a bicarbonate-containing cell culture system without the addition of base. The method relies on the gas transfer characteristics of the bioreactor system to modulate the CO2 transfer to and from the cell culture such that the pH of the cell culture can be maintained within a desired range.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to maintain pH within a range conducive for cell growth in a bicarbonate-containing cell culture system without the addition of base. The method relies on the gas transfer characteristics of the bioreactor system to modulate the CO2 transfer to and from the cell culture such that the pH of the cell culture can be maintained within a desired range.