Abstract: Conducting polymers based on renewable resource materials are very attractive because of their wide availability and lower cost compared to petroleum based products. Here we developed a novel dopant for electrically conducting polyaniline from renewable resource cardanol, the main component of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL). The novel dopant 2-?-unsaturated-4-hydroxy-4?-sulfinic acid azo benzene or otherwise known as cardanol azo sulfonic acid (1) is synthesized by reaction of diazotized sulphanilic acid (4-aminophenylsulfonicacid) with cardanol under the basic condition. The new cardanol azo sulfonic acid (1) has a long alkyl chains at the 2 positions, which increases the solubility of the dopant as well as polyaniline doped materials in common solvents for many applications.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for manufacture of a grid structure for use in lead acid batteries using a substrate having low density and low melting point, the method comprising coating the substrate material with a first metal layer and a subsequent metal layer of lead/lead alloy and electrodepositing an electroconductive polymer to form a protective layer thereon.

Abstract: This invention relates to the preparation of free standing film of conducting polyaniline of varied thickness. The conducting polyaniline film is obtained by use of a functionalised aromatic sulphonic acid as primary dopant and a halosubstituted phenol as secondary dopant. The emeraldine base, primary dopant and secondary dopant are mixed in an appropriate amount and stirred. The resulted homogeneous thick viscous solution cast yields conducting polyaniline film of conductivity more than 10 S/cm.