Abstract: A method of rapidly determining a UGT-transferase substrate includes contacting a UGT-transferase with a UDP-sugar conjugate and a probe to form an assay mixture, subjecting the assay mixture to reaction conditions to form a reacted mixture, contacting the reacted mixture with a UDP-reactive dye under conditions suitable to associate the UDP with the UDP-reactive dye, and spectrophotometrically determining the amount of free UDP, wherein if the concentration of free UDP is greater than a concentration of free UDP in a reference sample prepared in the absence of the UGT-transferase, then the probe molecule is a designated a substrate.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure include systems, apparatuses, and methods for dynamic frequency and voltage control of components used in a computer system. A system includes a processor voltage regulator and a system clock generator directly operably with each other. The processor voltage regulator provides a core voltage signal to a processor, and is configured to detect a present processor load state of the processor. The system clock generator is for providing a system clock signal to the processor. At least one of the processor voltage regulator or the system clock generator is further configured determine a desired frequency of the system clock signal responsive to the present processor load state, and determine a voltage level for the core voltage signal suitably paired with the desired frequency for proper operation of the processor at the desired frequency. Other systems, apparatuses, and methods are provided.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure include systems, apparatuses, and methods for dynamic frequency and voltage control of components used in a computer system. A system includes a processor voltage regulator and a system clock generator directly operably with each other. The processor voltage regulator provides a core voltage signal to a processor, and is configured to detect a present processor load state of the processor. The system clock generator is for providing a system clock signal to the processor. At least one of the processor voltage regulator or the system clock generator is further configured determine a desired frequency of the system clock signal responsive to the present processor load state, and determine a voltage level for the core voltage signal suitably paired with the desired frequency for proper operation of the processor at the desired frequency. Other systems, apparatuses, and methods are provided.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes an external resistor for establishing a delay of a signal relative to another signal in the device. The resistor may be external to a buffer, such as a zero-delay buffer, that receives an input signal generates one or more output signals that relate to the input signal. The delay may be introduced either before or after the buffer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes an external resistor for establishing a delay of a signal relative to another signal in the device. The resistor may be external to a buffer, such as a zero-delay buffer, that receives an input signal generates one or more output signals that relate to the input signal. The delay may be introduced either before or after the buffer.