Abstract: An irradiation system, comprising: a wheel structurally supported by a stand such that the wheel can rotate; and a plurality of sample holders suspended on an outer edge of the wheel in a manner that maintains a horizontal alignment of each of the sample holders with a surface on which the stand sits. A surface-to-skin distance parameter for an irradiation treatment plan is defined by a distance between an x-ray tube and a sample disposed in a top most one of the sample holders.

Abstract: A sample holder, comprising: an irradiation bed comprising a plurality of apertures formed in a grid pattern; at least one accessory comprising at least one end configured to be inserted into and removed from each of the plurality of apertures; a first connector coupled to the irradiation bed and configured to mate with a second connector of a receptacle of an irradiation cabinet to establish an electrical connection between a circuit of the sample holder and a circuit of the irradiation cabinet; and a gas delivery tube configured to receive a gas from the irradiation cabinet and deliver the gas to a sample area of the irradiation bed.

Abstract: A radiotherapy device includes an electron source, a first beam corrector, a drift tube, a target with target material that when impacted by an electron beam generates Bremsstrahlung x-ray photons, and a radiosurgical needle. The radiosurgical needle has an elongated radiopaque needle body with a lumen and a pointed tip for piercing a tissue of a patient. The target is positioned within the lumen of the radiosurgical needle. A first beam steering device steers a focused electron beam within the micro drift tube to the target. A radiotherapy system and a method for conducting radiotherapy are also disclosed.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for controlling a radiotherapy electron beam. Exemplary embodiments provide for focusing the electron beam at different depths by altering parameters of a plurality of magnets. Exemplary embodiments can also provide for focusing the electron beam at different depths while maintaining the energy level of the electron beam at a consistent level.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for controlling a radiotherapy electron beam. Exemplary embodiments provide for focusing the electron beam at different depths by altering parameters of a plurality of magnets. Exemplary embodiments can also provide for focusing the electron beam at different depths while maintaining the energy level of the electron beam at a consistent level.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for controlling a radiotherapy electron beam. Exemplary embodiments provide for focusing the electron beam at different depths by altering parameters of a plurality of magnets. Exemplary embodiments can also provide for focusing the electron beam at different depths while maintaining the energy level of the electron beam at a consistent level.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for controlling a radiotherapy electron beam. Exemplary embodiments provide for focusing the electron beam at different depths by altering parameters of a plurality of magnets. Exemplary embodiments can also provide for focusing the electron beam at different depths while maintaining the energy level of the electron beam at a consistent level.