Abstract: The invention relates to a method for separating a homogeneous catalyst out of a reaction mixture by means of at least one membrane separation unit, in which method: the reaction mixture coming from a reaction zone and containing the homogeneous catalyst is applied as a feed to the membrane separation unit; the homogeneous catalyst is depleted in the permeate of the membrane separation unit and enriched in the retentate of the membrane separation unit; and the retentate of the membrane separation unit is recirculated into the reaction zone. The invention addresses the problem of specifying a method for separating homogeneous catalyst out of reaction mixtures that simplifies the feeding of fresh catalyst into the reaction zone and avoids disruptions to the hydrodynamics within the reaction zone when the volumetric flow of the reaction mixture output from the reaction zone varies.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing 6-chlorodibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]-dioxaphosphepin (formula 1), comprising the following steps: a) addition of 2,2?-dihydroxybiphenyl, which is suspended in an inert solvant. into a reactor to an excess of phosphorous trichloride under inert gas and stirring; b) discharge and neutralization of the resulting gases from the reaction mixture; c) separation of the excess phosphorous trichloride and the solvant; d) obtention of 6-chlorodibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]-dioxaphosphepin.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing aldehydes having five carbon atoms, in which an input mixture containing 10% by weight to 50% by weight of linear butenes and less than 5% by weight of 1-butene is hydroformylated with synthesis gas in the presence of a catalyst system comprising rhodium and at least one bisphosphite ligand, wherein the hydroformylation is effected in a reactor from which, over an operating period, a cycle gas containing at least a portion of the products and unconverted reactants from the hydroformylation is continuously drawn off and partly condensed, and uncondensed components of the cycle gas are recycled into the reactor, and wherein, after the operating period has expired, the hydroformylation is stopped, the reactor is freed of reaction residues and the hydroformylation is restarted. It is based on the problem of making such a process more economically viable.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrochemical method for the selective coupling of a phenol to a naphthol which differ in their oxidation potential. The invention also relates to compounds which can be produced by electrochemical coupling.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrochemical method for coupling phenol and aniline, the difference of the oxidation potential of the substrates being in the region of 10 mV-450 mV and the substrate with the highest oxidation potential being added in excess. Said method enables biaryls, which have hydroxy- and amino functions, to be electrochemically produced and to dispense with multi-step syntheses using metallic reagents.

Abstract: Electrochemical process for coupling two phenols of different oxidation potential, and novel biphenols which can be prepared by this electrochemical coupling.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrochemical method for coupling anilines. When coupling two different anilines, the difference of the oxidation potential of the substrates is in the region of between 10 mV bis 450 mV, and the aniline with the highest oxidation potential is added in excess. Said method enables biaryldiamines to be electrochemically produced and to dispense with multi-step syntheses using metallic reagents.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing alcohols by homogeneously catalysed hydroformylation of olefins to aldehydes and subsequent hydration of the aldehydes. The invention further relates to a system for carrying out the method. The main focus is on the separation technique for work-up of the hydroformylation mixture. The problem addressed by the invention is that specifying a work-up method for hydroformylation mixtures that utilises the specific advantages of known separation technologies but at the same time largely avoids the specific disadvantages of said separation technologies. The most important objective is to create a catalyst separation system that is as complete and at the same time conservative as possible and that operates in a technically reliable manner and entails low investment and operating costs. The method should be unrestrictedly suitable for processing the reaction output from oxo systems in “world scale” format.

Abstract: A mixture containing a monophosphite ligand is useful for the catalysis of a hydroformylation reaction.

Abstract: A novel monophosphite ligand having a tert-butyloxycarbonyl group is useful as a ligand in hydroformylation of an olefin.

Abstract: The invention relates to a mixture of bisphosphites, to a process for preparation thereof, and to the reaction thereof with metals to give mixtures comprising complexes of the constitutionally isomeric bisphosphites and the metal, and to the use thereof as a catalytically active composition in hydroformylation reactions, and also to the hydroformylation reaction itself.

Abstract: A process for preparing a 2,2?-biphenol, proceeds by a) adding a first phenol to a reaction mixture, b) adding a second phenol to the reaction mixture, c) adding selenium dioxide to the reaction mixture, d) adding an acid having a pKa in the range from 0.0 to 5.0 to the reaction mixture, and e) heating the reaction mixture such that the first phenol and the second phenol are converted to said 2,2?-biphenol.

Abstract: A mixture containing a monophosphite ligand is useful for the catalysis of a hydroformylation reaction.

Abstract: A process for preparing a 2,2?-selenobiaryl ether or a 4,4?-selenobiaryl ether, proceeds by a) adding a first phenol to the reaction mixture, b) adding a second phenol to the reaction mixture, c) adding selenium dioxide to the reaction mixture, d) adding a base having a pKb in the range from 8 to 11 to the reaction mixture, and e) adjusting the reaction temperature of the reaction mixture such that the first phenol and the second phenol are converted to said 2,2?-selenobiaryl ether or said 4,4?-selenobiaryl ether.

Abstract: 2,2?-biphenol is prepared in a process using selenium dioxide and a halogenated solvent.

Abstract: The catalytic preparation of an aldehyde from an olefin proceeds in the presence of a monophosphite mixture.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the continuous, homogeneous-catalysis reaction of a liquid with a gas and optionally an additional fluid, wherein the device comprises at least one reactor having an external liquid circulation driven by a pump, and wherein the device has at least one membrane separation stage that preferably holds back the homogeneous catalyst. The aim of the invention is to specify a device that allows homogeneous-catalysis gas/liquid phase reactions, in particular hydroformylations, which operate with membrane separation of the catalyst to be performed economically at an industrially relevant scale. Said aim is achieved in that a jet loop reactor is provided as the reactor, and that the pump and the membrane separation stage are arranged in the same external liquid circuit.

Abstract: A novel monophosphite ligand having a tert-butyloxycarbonyl group is useful as a ligand in hydroformylation of an olefin.

Abstract: The preparation of high-quality oxo process alcohols from inconstant raw material sources is the technically demanding problem which is addressed by a process for continuously preparing an alcohol mixture, in which an input mixture which contains an olefin and has a composition that changes over time is subjected to an oligomerization to obtain an oligomerizate and at least a portion of the olefin oligomers present in the oligomerizate are hydroformylated with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in a hydroformylation in the presence of a homogeneous catalyst system to give aldehydes, at least some of which are converted to the alcohol mixture by subsequent hydrogenation. The process provides a constant plasticizer quality to be produced over a long production period and, optionally, a higher throughput with the same product quality.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a device for controlling the viscosity of reaction solutions in the hydroformylation of olefin-containing mixtures.