Abstract: A bisphosphite of the formula I wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are each hydrogen, an aliphatic, alicyclic, aliphatic-alicyclic, aromatic, aromatic—aromatic, aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon or heterocyclic or aliphatic-heterocyclic group having from 1 to 50 carbon atoms, F, Cl, Br, I, —CF3, —OR7, —COR7, —CO2R7, —CO2M, —SR7, —SO2R7, —SOR7, —SO3R7, —SO3M, —CO2NR7R8, NR7R8, N═CR7R8, NH2, where R1 to R4 are identical or different and may be covalently linked to one another; R7 and R8 are each hydrogen, a substituted or unsubstituted, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 25 carbon atoms, and may be identical or different; M is an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or phosphonium ion; Q is a substituted or unsubstituted divalent aliphatic, alicyclic, aliphatic-alicyclic, aromatic, aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon, heterocyclic or aliphatic-heterocyclic radical having from 1 to 50 carbon atoms whe

Abstract: Aldehydes are prepared in a hydroformylation apparatus by the multiphase hydroformylation reaction of one or more olefins with hydrogen and carbon monoxide, where the continuous phase contains a solvent mixture and the hydroformylation catalyst is present in the continuous phase, at least one olefin is present in the dispersed phase, and the loading factor of the tube reactor is greater than or equal to 0.8.

Abstract: Phosphinines of formula (I) can be combined with metal salts to prepare hydroformylation catalysts. The phosphinine complexes have two phosphorus centers that may be substituted with a variety of hetero atoms or alkyl substituents to modify the ligand characteristics of the phosphinine. Phosphinine metal complexes are employed under normal hydroformylation reaction conditions. The preparatory routes to the phosphinine ligands of formula (I) allow for their convenient synthesis.

Abstract: Aldehydes are prepared in a hydroformylation apparatus by the multiphase hydroformylation reaction of one or more olefins with hydrogen and carbon monoxide, where the continuous phase contains a solvent mixture and the hydroformylation catalyst is present in the continuous phase, at least one olefin is present in the dispersed phase, and the loading factor of the tube reactor is greater than or equal to 0.8.