Abstract: The invention relates to an air conditioning system for conditioning the air of a passenger space of a motor vehicle, the system including a refrigerant circuit with a compressor, a first heat exchanger for the heat exchange between the refrigerant and the environment and a second heat exchanger for supplying heat from the refrigerant to the air supply to be conditioned for the passenger space. The refrigerant circuit further includes, in the flow direction of the refrigerant after the compressor, a valve arrangement. The valve arrangement comprises a branch, a first valve arranged between the branch and the second heat exchanger, and a second valve arranged between the branch and the first heat exchanger. The first valve is designed with a normally open (NO) valve characteristic and the second valve with a normally closed (NC) valve characteristic.

Abstract: A heat exchanger unit that enables a quick interchanging of function, form and size of the different heat exchanger modules. The interchanging may be possible in regard to the sequence of the individual heat exchanger modules. The heat exchanger unit in includes inserts configured such that appropriately configured cassettes can be inserted, and an inner shape of the cassettes is configured so that different heat exchanger modules can be accommodated therein. The cassettes are thus designed specific to the heat exchanger, while the outer shape of all cassettes conforms to the shape of the uniformly configured inserts.

Abstract: A vehicle air conditioner with a refrigerant circuit has as components at least one evaporator, a refrigerant compressor, a refrigerant condenser, an expansion valve associated with the evaporator and at least one heat exchanger with an associated expansion valve for coupling with a coolant circuit of a heat source, wherein the components are connected by a refrigerant line. A refrigerant container is provided which is connected on the high-pressure side of the refrigerant compressor with the refrigerant line and has a refrigerant-receiving chamber with a controllable volume, and a control unit is provided with which the volume of the chamber of the refrigerant container is controlled as a function of operating parameters of the refrigerant circuit. Alternatively, the refrigerant container is connected on the high-pressure side of the refrigerant compressor with the refrigerant line by way of a branch line.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating an air conditioner (1) for treating the air of a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle. The air conditioner (1) exhibits a refrigerant circuit (2) configured for a combined cooling unit and heat-pump mode and for a post-heating mode. In the heat-pump mode with a first and a second heat source, two heat sources differing from each other can be used. A temperature of the first heat source, a temperature of the second heat source, and a regulation characteristic number and a maximum pressure are taken into account in the refrigerant circuit (2) for operating the air conditioner (1) in a heat-pump mode. The invention additionally relates to a method for switching between the two heat-pump modes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a refrigerant circuit and a process for operation of the refrigerant circuit of an HVAC system of a vehicle, particularly an electric or hybrid vehicle. The refrigerant circuit includes a primary circuit with a compressor, a heat exchanger for heat transmission between the refrigerant and the environment, a collector, a first expansion member, a heat exchanger for supply of heat from the fresh air to be conditioned of the vehicle interior to the refrigerant and a heat exchanger arranged switched in parallel to the heat exchanger. Further, the refrigerant circuit is provided with a secondary train that extends starting from a tapping point positioned between the compressor and the heat exchanger up to a connection point and is provided with a heat exchanger for heat transmission from the refrigerant to the fresh air to be conditioned for the vehicle interior, and a subsequent control valve.

Abstract: A vehicle air conditioner with a refrigerant circuit has as components at least one evaporator, a refrigerant compressor, a refrigerant condenser, an expansion valve associated with the evaporator and at least one heat exchanger with an associated expansion valve for coupling with a coolant circuit of a heat source, wherein the components are connected by a refrigerant line. A refrigerant container is provided which is connected on the high-pressure side of the refrigerant compressor with the refrigerant line and has a refrigerant-receiving chamber with a controllable volume, and a control unit is provided with which the volume of the chamber of the refrigerant container is controlled as a function of operating parameters of the refrigerant circuit. Alternatively, the refrigerant container is connected on the high-pressure side of the refrigerant compressor with the refrigerant line by way of a branch line.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and a method for icing prevention regulation for a heat pump evaporator (3) in air conditioning systems of vehicles, composed of a subsection (1) of a refrigerant circuit which can be operated both as a heat pump and also as an air conditioning system. The device comprises the heat pump evaporator (3), an electrical or mechanical refrigerant compressor (4), a cooler fan (9) which is attached to the heat pump evaporator (3) and which draws ambient air (11) upstream from and through the heat pump evaporator (3) at an adjustable flow speed, and which thus permits a permanent flow of ambient air (11) over the heat pump evaporator surface, a first temperature sensor (6) in or on the refrigerant line (5, 5a) upstream from the heat pump evaporator (3) with respect to the heat pump operating direction, and a control and regulating unit (8).

Abstract: The invention relates to a vehicle with an air conditioner for heating inlet air flowing into a vehicle interior, the air conditioner including: a heater heat exchanger thermally coupled through a coolant cycle with a drive unit or similar; and a supplemental heat exchanger which is connected to a refrigerant cycle of the air conditioner and which transfers heat to the inlet air in heating mode, wherein the supplemental heat exchanger is configured with at least two rows including a first heat exchanger row and a second heat exchanger row in a refrigerant flow direction, wherein the first heat exchanger row and the second heat exchanger row are arranged in a refrigerant flow direction so that super cooling of a condensed refrigerant is provided in the second heat exchanger row and at least heat extraction of the refrigerant is provided in the first heat exchanger row.

Abstract: The invention relates to an air conditioning system for conditioning the air of a passenger space of a motor vehicle, the system including a refrigerant circuit with a compressor, a first heat exchanger for the heat exchange between the refrigerant and the environment and a second heat exchanger for supplying heat from the refrigerant to the air supply to be conditioned for the passenger space. The refrigerant circuit further includes, in the flow direction of the refrigerant after the compressor, a valve arrangement. The valve arrangement comprises a branch, a first valve arranged between the branch and the second heat exchanger, and a second valve arranged between the branch and the first heat exchanger. The first valve is designed with a normally open (NO) valve characteristic and the second valve with a normally closed (NC) valve characteristic.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating an air conditioner (1) for treating the air of a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle. The air conditioner (1) exhibits a refrigerant circuit (2) configured for a combined cooling unit and heat-pump mode and for a post-heating mode. In the heat-pump mode with a first and a second heat source, two heat sources differing from each other can be used. A temperature of the first heat source, a temperature of the second heat source, and a regulation characteristic number and a maximum pressure are taken into account in the refrigerant circuit (2) for operating the air conditioner (1) in a heat-pump mode. The invention additionally relates to a method for switching between the two heat-pump modes.

Abstract: The invention includes a refrigerant circuit for a cooling operation and a heat pump operation. The refrigerant circuit has a high pressure area and a low pressure area, including at least one heat source/heat sink, a compressor, an expansion device, at least one thermal interior space module, and an internal heat exchanger. The internal heat exchanger has a high pressure side part and a low pressure side part, wherein the high pressure side part is disposed between the expansion device and the heat source/heat sink. The invention also includes at least one metering device through which the high pressure side part of the internal heat exchanger is operable during the heat pump operation at a medium pressure level intermediate a pressure level in the high pressure area and a pressure level in the low pressure area of the refrigerant circuit.

Abstract: A heat exchanger unit that enables a quick interchanging of function, form and size of the different heat exchanger modules. The interchanging may be possible in regard to the sequence of the individual heat exchanger modules. The heat exchanger unit in includes inserts configured such that appropriately configured cassettes can be inserted, and an inner shape of the cassettes is configured so that different heat exchanger modules can be accommodated therein. The cassettes are thus designed specific to the heat exchanger, while the outer shape of all cassettes conforms to the shape of the uniformly configured inserts.

Abstract: A vehicle includes an air conditioning system for conditioning intake air flowing into a vehicle interior. The air conditioning system has a primary heat exchanger in thermal communication with a drive unit via a coolant circuit, a compressor, and a secondary heat exchanger which is disposed jointly with the compressor in a refrigerant circuit. The secondary heat exchanger operates as a condenser in a heating mode of the air conditioning system and jointly with the primary heat exchanger gives off heat to the intake air. A control device controls operation of the refrigerant circuit in response to an input by a user. The control device includes an evaluation unit to carry out a comparison between a desired heat supply commensurate with the input by the user and a determined actual heat supply, and generates an output signal for operating the compressor in response to the comparison.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for producing an accumulator having a fixed electrolyte. The inventive method is characterized by introducing an electrolyte in a flowable form into the accumulator cell and fixing the electrolyte and forming the active mass simultaneously inside the accumulator cell. The device for carrying out the inventive method comprises a filler head (1), an acid reservoir (3), a thickener reservoir (4), a metering pump for the acid (6.1+6.2), a metering pump for the thickener (5.1+5.2) and a flowmeter for the thickener (9.1+9.2) and the acid (10.1+10.2).

Abstract: An airbag cover for receiving an airbag compressed into an airbag package for an airbag module of a motor vehicle is provided. The airbag cover comprising one or more precut sections of a flexible material connecting sites, by way of which regions of the at least one precut material section are connected to each other such that the at least one precut section forms a flexible cover that at least partially receives the airbag package. The airbag cover forms an outer cover of the airbag module which is at least in sections visible for a vehicle occupant when installed into a vehicle as intended, wherein the flexible airbag cover forms a most outer casing of the airbag package. At least some of the connecting sites are configured in a disconnectable such that the corresponding connecting sites are disconnected upon the inflation and deployment of the airbag as intended in the event of a crash.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a cooling system and a method for operating the cooling system for cooling a battery of a vehicle using a coolant circuit. The cooling circuit includes a pump device, a heat exchanger for transferring heat between a coolant and the battery, a heat exchanger for transferring heat between the coolant and the surroundings, and a heat exchanger for transferring heat between the coolant and a refrigerant circulating in a refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant circuit is designed with a heat exchanger and an associated expansion element. The refrigerant circuit includes two additional expansion elements. The first expansion element is arranged upstream of the heat exchanger and the second expansion element is arranged downstream of the heat exchanger, with regard to the direction of the refrigerant flow. The heat exchangers designed as evaporators on the refrigerant side can be operated with different pressure and temperature levels.

Abstract: The invention relates to a refrigerant circuit and a process for operation of the refrigerant circuit of an HVAC system of a vehicle, particularly an electric or hybrid vehicle. The refrigerant circuit includes a primary circuit with a compressor, a heat exchanger for heat transmission between the refrigerant and the environment, a collector, a first expansion member, a heat exchanger for supply of heat from the fresh air to be conditioned of the vehicle interior to the refrigerant and a heat exchanger arranged switched in parallel to the heat exchanger. Further, the refrigerant circuit is provided with a secondary train that extends starting from a tapping point positioned between the compressor and the heat exchanger up to a connection point and is provided with a heat exchanger for heat transmission from the refrigerant to the fresh air to be conditioned for the vehicle interior, and a subsequent control valve.

Abstract: The aim of the invention is to obviate the need for rubber hoses or other flexible rubber compensation elements, which prevent the transmission of vibrations to the vehicle body. To achieve this, the pipelines of an air conditioning system including their pipe couplings (42-45) are configured entirely of metal with an external diameter, in relation to the compressor, of less than 11 mm on the discharge side and less than 13 mm on the suction side. A damping curvature (35, 36) is also configured in the pipelines (6?, 12?) that connect the compressor to a heat exchanger, in addition to at least one curvature (37-40) required by the installation geometry of the conduit system. The system is also equipped with a pipeline, designed to restrict the flow of operating fluid, said pipeline being configured as a particularly thin pipe with an internal diameter of capillary-tube type proportions, designed to restrict the flow and an external diameter ranging between 2 and 4 mm.

Abstract: In the exemplary embodiments, the apparatus comprises: an ultrasonic transducer arrangement; a drive arranged to pivotably displace the transducer arrangement within a predetermined angular range; an actual-value generator for supplying a signal (F.sub.I (.rho.) dependent upon the angular position of the transducer arrangement within the said range; a desired-value generator for supplying a signal (F.sub.S (.rho.)) representing a desired angular position of the transducer arrangement within the said range; and a control for controlling the drive in dependence upon such signals from the actual-value and desired-value generators. The actual-value and desired-value generators are adapted to supply respective signals having the same or similar forms over a relatively large signal range within the said range.