Abstract: The invention relates to a method for directly cooling fine-particle, powdery solid substances by using a cooling medium provided in the form of low-boiling condensed gases or of cold gases obtained therefrom, whereupon bulk material packings are subsequently filled with these solid substances. The invention also relates to a device for directly cooling the fine-particle, powdery solid substances and to fine-particle, powdery solid substances, which are located inside bulk material packings and which, compared to air, have a lower oxygen content in the gas phase between the solid substance particles.

Abstract: A protective device for a person, specifically for a person participating a sport, having at least one sensor device for detecting obstacles in the vicinity of the person to be protected; an evaluation device having a microcontroller for a situation evaluation with respect to the surroundings of the person to be protected; a triggering device for activating a protective application; and a protective application, which can be integrated in the equipment of the person to be protected.