Abstract: In various embodiments, the present disclosure describes processes for preparing functionalized graphene nanoribbons from carbon nanotubes. In general, the processes include exposing a plurality of carbon nanotubes to an alkali metal source in the absence of a solvent and thereafter adding an electrophile to form functionalized graphene nanoribbons. Exposing the carbon nanotubes to an alkali metal source in the absence of a solvent, generally while being heated, results in opening of the carbon nanotubes substantially parallel to their longitudinal axis, which may occur in a spiralwise manner in an embodiment. The graphene nanoribbons of the present disclosure are functionalized on at least their edges and are substantially defect free. As a result, the functionalized graphene nanoribbons described herein display a very high electrical conductivity that is comparable to that of mechanically exfoliated graphene.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for use in drilling a wellbore into an earthen formation that includes the use of a graphene-based material, where the graphene-based material may be at least one of graphene, graphene oxide, chemically converted graphene, and derivatized graphite oxide are shown and described. In certain examples, the methods and compositions reduce permeability damage and/or stabilize shales.

Abstract: In various embodiments, the present disclosure describes processes for preparing functionalized graphene nanoribbons from carbon nanotubes. In general, the processes include exposing a plurality of carbon nanotubes to an alkali metal source in the absence of a solvent and thereafter adding an electrophile to form functionalized graphene nanoribbons. Exposing the carbon nanotubes to an alkali metal source in the absence of a solvent, generally while being heated, results in opening of the carbon nanotubes substantially parallel to their longitudinal axis, which may occur in a spiralwise manner in an embodiment. The graphene nanoribbons of the present disclosure are functionalized on at least their edges and are substantially defect free. As a result, the functionalized graphene nanoribbons described herein display a very high electrical conductivity that is comparable to that of mechanically exfoliated graphene.

Abstract: Compositions containing a transporter component and a signaling component and a method for using said compositions for analyzing porous media and flowing liquid streams, specifically for measuring pressure, temperature, relative abundance of water, pH, redox potential and electrolyte concentration. Analytes may include petroleum or other hydrophobic media, sulfur-containing compounds. The transporter component includes an amphiphilic nanomatenal and a plurality of solubilizing groups covalently bonded to the transporter component. The signaling component includes a plurality of reporter molecules associated with the transporter component. Said reporter molecules may be releasable from the transporter component upon exposure to at least one analyte. The reporter molecules may be non-covalently associated with the transporter component, or the reporter molecules are covalently bonded to the transporter component.