Abstract: Embodiments of a bottom nozzle of a nuclear fuel assembly provided with flow holes by utilizing a layered aircraft airfoil structure are provided. The bottom nozzle not only increases efficiency of filtering foreign substances by minimizing a size of the flow holes by constituting a shape of flow holes into cross stripes but also prevents coolant water flow velocity drop through prevention of coolant water pressure drop by constituting a lateral sectional shape of the grid frames constituting the cross stripes into an aircraft airfoil type.

Abstract: Embodiments of a bottom nozzle of a nuclear fuel assembly provided with flow holes by utilizing a layered aircraft airfoil structure are provided. The bottom nozzle not only increases efficiency of filtering foreign substances by minimizing a size of the flow holes by constituting a shape of flow holes into cross stripes but also prevents coolant water flow velocity drop through prevention of coolant water pressure drop by constituting a lateral sectional shape of the grid frames constituting the cross stripes into an aircraft airfoil type.

Abstract: An electric device for changing a DR control level and a power management apparatus for the same are disclosed. An electric device for changing a demand response (DR) control level includes a memory unit to store a plurality of DR control levels classified according to power rates, a communication unit to receive a current power rate and a current power rate level related to the current power rate from a power provider in real time, a user interface which, upon receiving a request for changing a DR control level from a user, displays a list of pre-stored DR control levels and receives a DR control level to be changed from the user, and a controller to compare the current power rate level with the changed DR control level, and determine whether to perform a power saving operation.

Abstract: An electric device for changing a DR control level and a power management apparatus for the same are disclosed. An electric device for changing a demand response (DR) control level includes a memory unit to store a plurality of DR control levels classified according to power rates, a communication unit to receive a current power rate and a current power rate level related to the current power rate from a power provider in real time, a user interface which, upon receiving a request for changing a DR control level from a user, displays a list of pre-stored DR control levels and receives a DR control level to be changed from the user, and a controller to compare the current power rate level with the changed DR control level, and determine whether to perform a power saving operation.