Abstract: A semiconductor memory device may include a memory bank having a plurality of word lines arranged at a predetermined address interval, an address latching unit suitable for storing a target address corresponding to a target word line of the plurality of word lines, and a refresh control unit suitable for performing a refresh operation on first to Nth word lines having different address intervals from the target word line based on the target address in response to a smart refresh command, wherein N is a natural number.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device may include a memory bank having a plurality of word lines arranged at a predetermined address interval, an address latching unit suitable for storing a target address corresponding to a target word line of the plurality of word lines, and a refresh control unit suitable for performing a refresh operation on first to Nth word lines having different address intervals from the target word line based on the target address in response to a smart refresh command, wherein N is a natural number.

Abstract: A method for preparing a low antigenic food, the method including removing a sugar linked to a glycoprotein of an allergenic food. A low antigenic food prepared by removing a sugar linked to a glycoprotein of an allergenic food. A method for preparing a low antigenic glycoprotein, the method including removing a glucose linked to a glycoprotein selected from the group consisting of ovalbumin, ovomucoid, ovotransferrin, ?-conglycinin, Ara h1, and Ara h2. A low antigenic glycoprotein prepared by removing a glucose linked to a glycoprotein selected from the group consisting of ovalbumin, ovomucoid, ovotransferrin, ?-conglycinin, Ara h1, and Ara h2. A low antigenic food composition including the low antigenic glycoprotein. A low antigenic cosmetic composition including the low antigenic glycoprotein as an active ingredient.

Abstract: A persimmon leaf-derived polysaccharide fraction consisting of 60-80 wt % of neutral sugar and 18-39 wt % of uronic acid, and 0.5-10 wt % of 3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid (KDO) analogs, the wt % based on the total weight of the polysaccharide fraction.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory apparatus includes a control signal generation unit configured to generate a control signal according to a mode control signal and a refresh signal; a first sense amplifier driving voltage generation unit configured to generate a first sense amplifier driving voltage according to the control signal, a first sense amplifier enable signal and a switching control signal; a switching control unit configured to generate the switching control signal according to the control signal and a second sense amplifier enable signal; a second sense amplifier driving voltage generation unit configured to generate a second sense amplifier driving voltage according to the second sense amplifier enable signal; and a switching unit configured to electrically couple or decouple output nodes of the first sense amplifier driving voltage generation unit and the second sense amplifier driving voltage generation unit according to the switching control signal.

Abstract: A persimmon leaf-derived polysaccharide fraction, a preparation method thereof, and use thereof, the persimmon leaf-derived polysaccharide fraction including, based on the total weight of the polysaccharide fraction, 70-90 wt % of neutral sugar and 10-30 wt % of uronic acid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for recording multiple programs in a digital broadcasting receiver. The digital broadcasting receive, when receiving a record command for multiple programs in the broadcast signal currently incoming, confirms and stores PID's of each of the programs corresponding to the record command. Thereafter, the digital broadcasting receiver searches the broadcast data for the PID's so as to store broadcast data by matching PID values. According to the present invention, the method for recording multiple programs is advantageous in that a broadcasting receiver may be implemented so as to simultaneously record multiple programs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to MDU broadcasting signal distribution system, and more specifically, to MDU system that receives a broadcasting signal through a single broadcasting receiving antenna in a multiplex house or building where an IP network is provided, and then transmits the broadcasting signal to each MDU set-top box through the IP network. According to the invention, when an IP network is provided in a multiplex house or building, without installing a dish-shaped antenna or cable, the set-top box is connected to the IP network so as to receive satellite broadcasting, terrestrial DMB, and cable broadcasting. Therefore, broadcasting signals can be effectively distributed to each home such that desired broadcasting can be enjoyed in the home. Further, by applying IGMP, broadcasting can be selectively provided to an MDU set-top box belonging to a specific group.

Abstract: The invention relates to process for preparing persimmon vinegar, in which persimmon extract is added to persimmon concentrate to obtain a mixture and then the mixture is spray dried; and vinegar powder having a taste and a smell convenient to eat, produced by the process. The persimmon vinegar powder is prepared by concentrating persimmon vinegar to 12˜18° BX using vacuum concentrator to obtain a concentrate of persimmon vinegar; adding 15˜30 weight % of extract of persimmon leaf and 5˜9 weight % of cyclodextrin, based on the weight of the concentrate, to the concentrate to obtain a solution and then stirring the solution; dissolving 1˜5 weight % of lactose, 25˜35 weight % of maltodextrin, and 5˜9 weight % of gum, based on weight of the concentrate, in the stirred solution and homogenizing the solution: and spray drying the homogenized solution to obtain a powder.

Abstract: A radio frequency identification (RFID) tag authentication apparatus and method for accomplishing quick authentication and solving privacy problems using a hash algorithm are provided. An RFID tag includes a memory unit storing a tag's secret information and a group's secret information and a hash chain computation unit encrypting secret information based on a hash algorithm. The tag authentication apparatus includes a DB storing information about RFID tags, which is classified into groups and includes each group's secret information and each tag's secret information; a group's secret information search unit finding a group to which a tag to be authenticated belongs; and a tag's secret information search unit searching tags' secret information included in the found group.

Abstract: Provided are a key establishment method and system using commutative linear functions. In the method, a server defines a set of linear functions that use elements of a first finite field as coefficients and satisfy a commutative rule, selects a first linear function from the set, and selects a predetermined element from a second finite field. Next, the server selects a second linear function corresponding to each of nodes from the set, generates a predetermined combination function based on the first and second linear functions, generates a value of the second linear function using the selected element as a factor, and transmits the combination function and the value of the second linear function to a corresponding node. Each node receives the value of the second linear function from a server, exchanges the received values with the other nodes, computes a value using the exchanged value as a factor of the combination function, and establishes the computed value as a shared key between the nodes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating a keystream are provided. The method includes: (a) receiving a bitstream comprised of at least 4 bits; (b) selecting at least two bits from the received bitstream; (c) generating an operation value by performing a predetermined bitwise operation on the bits selected in (b); and (d) determining whether to discard the received bitstream or to output the rest of the received bitstream not selected in (b) according to the operation value. The method and apparatus for generating a keystream are expected to be suitable for a ubiquitous computing and network environment and to provide high security or high efficiency.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for hybrid multiplication in GF(2m) by which trade-off between the area and the operation speed of an apparatus for a hybrid multiplier in finite field GF(2m) can be achieved are provided.

Abstract: This invention is a method of making persimmon vinegar powder which involves the technique of adding extracts from persimmon leaves to concentrated persimmon vinegar and spray-dry the liquid. This technique is the best method of manufacturing persimmon vinegar powder, for it enables the control of the scent and taste so as to make it easy to drink, and also reduces the loss of nutrients during the curing processes. The persimmon vinegar powder made, using this invention, goes through the following processes: getting persimmon vinegar concentration through concentrating persimmon vinegar with a vacuum concentrator to 12-18°Bx; using the weight of the concentrated persimmon vinegar as a standard, adding and stirring in persimmon leaf extract 15-30% and cyclo-dextrin 5-9% to the persimmon vinegar concentrate; again, using the weight of the persimmon vinegar concentrate as a standard, adding and dissolving lactose 1-5%, malto-dextrin 25-30%, gum homogenized liquid and producing the powder.