Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition, for prevention or treatment of cancer diseases, comprising CD8+ T cells activated by CD4+ T cell-derived extracellular vesicles as an active ingredient. It was found that the secretion of extracellular vesicles from cytokine-activated CD4+ T cells increases and the extracellular vesicles enhance proliferation and activity of CD8+ T cells to induce the death of cancer cells, thereby augmenting an anticancer effect. Thus, the present invention provides the CD8+ T cells activated by CD4+ T cell-derived extracellular vesicles as a pharmaceutical agent or an immunotherapeutic agent for cancer diseases, and a method for activating CD8+ T cells by using CD4+ T cell-derived extracellular vesicles to prepare CD8+ T cells showing excellent anticancer activity as described above.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition containing IL-2 or an expression promoter or activator thereof as an active ingredient for prevention or treatment of cancer disease. In the present invention, it was discovered that when treating cancer cells with IL-2, an anticancer effect was enhanced by inhibiting the secretion of cancer cell-derived exosomes and the expression of PD-L1 inducing immune escape of T cells. IL-2 was also discovered to effectuate the anticancer effect directly on cancer cells compared to conventional techniques exhibiting an immune anticancer effect by activating cytotoxic T cells. Thus, IL-2 or an expression promoter or activator thereof can be advantageously used in a composition for prevention or treatment of cancer diseases.

Abstract: An embodiment sulfur dioxide-based inorganic electrolyte is provided in which the sulfur dioxide-based inorganic electrolyte is represented by a chemical formula M·(A1·Cl(4-x)Fx)z·ySO2. In this formula, M is a first element selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Ca, and Mg, A1 is a second element selected from the group consisting of Al, Fe, Ga, and Cu, x satisfies a first equation 0?x?4, y satisfies a second equation 0?y?6, and z satisfies a third equation 1?z?2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the mass-production of exosome comprising a cargo protein, a vector for preparing the exosome, exosome including a cargo protein prepared by the method, and a method for loading the cargo protein to cytosol by using the exosome prepared thereby. According to the method for preparing an exosome comprising a cargo protein provided by the present invention, the exosome loaded with a cargo protein can be produced with a high yield, so that it can be used broadly in the treatment of disease using the exosome.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a heating device for heating an object material using a laser beam, the heating device comprising a stage on which the object material is placed; a laser module for generating and outputting a laser beam; an optical module for controlling a path of the laser beam; a polygon mirror rotating around an axis of rotation and having a plurality of reflecting surfaces which reflect the laser beam; and a beam guide module for controlling an incidence range within which the laser beam reflected by the polygon mirror is incident on the object material, and an indirect heating method using a laser beam in a heating device.

Abstract: An air conditioner controlling method of an air conditioner repeater is provided. The method includes based on a remote controller being connected to the air conditioner repeater via a cable, generating pairing information, transferring the generated pairing information to the remote controller via the cable, based on a response message for the pairing information being received from the remote controller via the cable, performing pairing with the remote controller, and based on the wired connection with the remote controller is released and an air conditioner and the air conditioner repeater are connected via a cable, transferring a wireless signal received from the remote controller in a Bluetooth method to the air conditioner.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a heating device for heating an object material using a laser beam, the heating device comprising a stage on which the object material is placed; a laser module for generating and outputting a laser beam; an optical module for controlling a path of the laser beam; a polygon mirror rotating around an axis of rotation and having a plurality of reflecting surfaces which reflect the laser beam; and a beam guide module for controlling an incidence range within which the laser beam reflected by the polygon mirror is incident on the object material, and an indirect heating method using a laser beam in a heating device.

Abstract: An indirect heating method using a laser according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes: a first process of adjacently placing a first material structure containing metal and a second material structure containing inorganic material; and a second process of directly heating the first material structure to indirectly heat the second material structure adjacent to the first material structure by radiating a laser to the first material structure.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a heating device for heating an object material using a laser beam, the heating device comprising a stage on which the object material is placed; a laser module for generating and outputting a laser beam; an optical module for controlling a path of the laser beam; a polygon mirror rotating around an axis of rotation and having a plurality of reflecting surfaces which reflect the laser beam; and a beam guide module for controlling an incidence range within which the laser beam reflected by the polygon mirror is incident on the object material, and an indirect heating method using a laser beam in a heating device.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device comprises providing a substrate; forming an insulating layer on the substrate; etching the insulating layer to form an opening that exposes the substrate; forming a contact plug in the opening and on the insulating layer; forming a metal layer on the contact plug; and irradiating the metal layer with a laser.

Abstract: An indirect heating method using a laser according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes: a first process of adjacently placing a first material structure containing metal and a second material structure containing inorganic material; and a second process of directly heating the first material structure to indirectly heat the second material structure adjacent to the first material structure by radiating a laser to the first material structure.

Abstract: An indirect heating method using a laser according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes: a first process of adjacently placing a first material structure containing a metal and a second material structure containing a mineral; and a second process of directly heating the first material structure to indirectly heat the second material structure adjacent to the first material structure by emitting a laser to the first material structure.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a heating device for heating an object material using a laser beam, the heating device comprising a stage on which the object material is placed; a laser module for generating and outputting a laser beam; an optical module for controlling a path of the laser beam; a polygon mirror rotating around an axis of rotation and having a plurality of reflecting surfaces which reflect the laser beam; and a beam guide module for controlling an incidence range within which the laser beam reflected by the polygon mirror is incident on the object material, and an indirect heating method using a laser beam in a heating device.

Abstract: An air conditioner controlling method of an air conditioner repeater is provided. The method includes based on a remote controller being connected to the air conditioner repeater via a cable, generating pairing information, transferring the generated pairing information to the remote controller via the cable, based on a response message for the pairing information being received from the remote controller via the cable, performing pairing with the remote controller, and based on the wired connection with the remote controller is released and an air conditioner and the air conditioner repeater are connected via a cable, transferring a wireless signal received from the remote controller in a Bluetooth method to the air conditioner.

Abstract: An indirect heating method using a laser according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes: a first process of adjacently placing a first material structure containing a metal and a second material structure containing a mineral; and a second process of directly heating the first material structure to indirectly heat the second material structure adjacent to the first material structure by emitting a laser to the first material structure.

Abstract: An air conditioner includes at least one indoor unit and a wired controller connected to the indoor unit through two lines to receive power from the indoor unit and to perform data communication with the indoor unit. Each of the indoor unit and the wired controller includes a communication unit that modulates a low-frequency communication signal into a high-frequency communication signal and transmits the high-frequency signal and demodulates a received high-frequency signal into a low-frequency signal. When a plurality of indoor units and a wired controller perform communication, a communication signal is transmitted after being modulated into a high-frequency signal and linking the high-frequency signal with DC power. This reduces the inductance of an inductor required to separate the linked high-frequency signal into DC power and a communication signal and the capacitance of a capacitor required to link the signal with DC power, reducing PCB size and inductor and capacitor costs.

Abstract: A recessed channel array transistor may include a substrate, a gate oxide layer, a gate electrode and source/drain regions. The substrate may have an active region and an isolation region. A recess may be formed in the active region. The gate oxide layer may be formed on the recess and the substrate. The gate oxide layer may include a first portion on an intersection between a side end of the recess and a sidewall of the active region and a second portion on a side surface of the recess. The first portion may include a thickness greater than about 70% of a thickness of the second portion. The gate electrode may be formed on the gate oxide layer. The source/drain regions may be formed in the substrate. Thus, the recessed channel array transistor may have a decreased leakage current and an increased on-current.

Abstract: An indoor unit performs a control operation to not supply power to a load device through a power/communication line simultaneously with other indoor units. An air conditioning system may includes an indoor unit including a microcomputer to output a power application signal to supply power to a load device through a power/communication line, and a duplicate power application prevention unit to interrupt the power application signal from the microcomputer when the power is simultaneously applied to the power/communication line by a different indoor unit, to prevent the power from being duplicately applied to the power/communication line.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes an active region in a substrate, first to third gate structures crossing the active region and sequentially arranged parallel to each other, a first doped region in the active region between the first and second gate structures and having a first horizontal width and a first depth, and a second doped region in the active region between the second and third gate structures and having a second horizontal width and a second depth. The second horizontal width is larger than the first horizontal width and the second depth is shallower than the first depth. A distance between the first and second gate structures adjacent to each other is smaller than that between the second and third gate structures adjacent to each other. Related fabrication methods are also described.

Abstract: In methods of manufacturing a recessed channel array transistor, a recess may be formed in an active region of a substrate. A plasma oxidation process may be performed on the substrate to form a preliminary gate oxide layer on an inner surface of the recess and an upper surface of the substrate. Moistures may be absorbed in a surface of the preliminary gate oxide layer to form a gate oxide layer. A gate electrode may be formed on the gate oxide layer to fill up the recess. Source/drain regions may be formed in an upper surface of the substrate at both sides of the gate electrode. Thus, the oxide layer may have a uniform thickness distribution and a dense structure.