Abstract: A method of cleaning needles of a probe card in a test system includes mounting the probe card, which has a plurality of device under tests (DUTs) and needles, in a card mounting part. The DUTs and needles are scanned using a camera positioned in the test system to provide a scan result. A laser beam is focused on at least one of the needles based on the scan result and the laser beam is irradiated on the at least one of the needles to clean the at least one of the needles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to human monoclonal antibodies neutralizing vascular endothelial growth factor receptor and the use thereof. More specifically, relates to human ScFv molecules neutralizing vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, and a composition for inhibiting angiogenesis and a composition for treating cancer, which contain the human ScFv molecules. The disclosed monoclonal antibody neutralizing vascular endothelial growth factor receptor shows excellent neutralizing ability in living cells, compared to that of a commercially available antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, and shows the ability to neutralize vascular endothelial growth factor receptor not only in humans, but also in mice and rats. Thus, the monoclonal antibody will be useful in anticancer studies and will be highly effective in cancer treatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to human monoclonal antibodies neutralizing vascular endothelial growth factor receptor and the use thereof. More specifically, relates to human ScFv molecules neutralizing vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, and a composition for inhibiting angiogenesis and a composition for treating cancer, which contain the human ScFv molecules. The disclosed monoclonal antibody neutralizing vascular endothelial growth factor receptor shows excellent neutralizing ability in living cells, compared to that of a commercially available antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, and shows the ability to neutralize vascular endothelial growth factor receptor not only in humans, but also in mice and rats. Thus, the monoclonal antibody will be useful in anticancer studies and will be highly effective in cancer treatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel form of a dual-target antibody targeting VEGFR-2 and DLL4, a gene encoding the same, a recombinant expression vector including the gene, host cells transformed with the recombinant expression vector, a method of producing the dual-target antibody using the host cells, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the dual-target antibody.

Abstract: The present invention relates to human monoclonal antibodies neutralizing vascular endothelial growth factor receptor and the use thereof. More specifically, relates to human ScFv molecules neutralizing vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, and a composition for inhibiting angiogenesis and a composition for treating cancer, which contain the human ScFv molecules. The disclosed monoclonal antibody neutralizing vascular endothelial growth factor receptor shows excellent neutralizing ability in living cells, compared to that of a commercially available antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, and shows the ability to neutralize vascular endothelial growth factor receptor not only in humans, but also in mice and rats. Thus, the monoclonal antibody will be useful in anticancer studies and will be highly effective in cancer treatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to human monoclonal antibodies neutralizing vascular endothelial growth factor receptor and the use thereof. More specifically, relates to human ScFv molecules neutralizing vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, and a composition for inhibiting angiogenesis and a composition for treating cancer, which contain the human ScFv molecules. The disclosed monoclonal antibody neutralizing vascular endothelial growth factor receptor shows excellent neutralizing ability in living cells, compared to that of a commercially available antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, and shows the ability to neutralize vascular endothelial growth factor receptor not only in humans, but also in mice and rats. Thus, the monoclonal antibody will be useful in anticancer studies and will be highly effective in cancer treatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to human monoclonal antibodies neutralizing vascular endothelial growth factor receptor and the use thereof. More specifically, relates to human ScFv molecules neutralizing vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, and a composition for inhibiting angiogenesis and a composition for treating cancer, which contain the human ScFv molecules. The disclosed monoclonal antibody neutralizing vascular endothelial growth factor receptor shows excellent neutralizing ability in living cells, compared to that of a commercially available antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, and shows the ability to neutralize vascular endothelial growth factor receptor not only in humans, but also in mice and rats. Thus, the monoclonal antibody will be useful in anticancer studies and will be highly effective in cancer treatment.

Abstract: A solid acid having a core of calixarene or calix resorcinarene. The solid acid is an ion conducting compound in which at least one of the hydroxyl groups is substituted by an organic group having a cation exchange group at a terminal end, a polymer electrolyte membrane including the same, and a fuel cell using the polymer electrolyte membrane. The polymer electrolyte membrane can provide low methanol crossover and high ionic conductivity. Accordingly, a fuel cell having high efficiency can be obtained by using the polymer electrolyte membrane.

Abstract: A high-efficiency flat type photo bar using a field emitter and a manufacturing method thereof, including: a substrate; a cathode part which is formed as an electrode on an upper portion of the substrate; a nano-field emitter which is patterned at a constant interval on the cathode part; a gate part which is formed horizontally to the cathode part so as to induce the emission of electrons from the field emitter; and an anode part which is insulated and separated from an upper portion of the gate part so as to be formed horizontally to the upper portion of the gate part and comprises a target material.

Abstract: An organic electrolytic solution and a lithium battery employing the same are provided. The organic electrolytic solution includes a lithium salt, an organic solvent containing a first solvent having a high dielectric constant and a second solvent having a low boiling point, and a surfactant including a hydrophobic portion having an aromatic group. The organic electrolytic solution effectively prevents the electrolytic solution from contacting the anode, thereby suppressing side reactions on the anode surface and improving discharge capacity, charge/discharge efficiency, lifespan, and battery reliability.

Abstract: A sulfonated copolymer including a crosslinking functional group and a fuel cell including a polymer composition of the same are provided. The sulfonated copolymer including a crosslinking functional group can remarkably reduce methanol crossover and maintain superior dimensional stability and ionic conductivity by reducing swelling.

Abstract: A solid acid having a core of calixarene or calix resorcinarene. The solid acid is an ion conducting compound in which at least one of the hydroxyl groups is substituted by an organic group having a cation exchange group at a terminal end, a polymer electrolyte membrane including the same, and a fuel cell using the polymer electrolyte membrane. The polymer electrolyte membrane can provide low methanol crossover and high ionic conductivity. Accordingly, a fuel cell having high efficiency can be obtained by using the polymer electrolyte membrane.

Abstract: A polymer electrolyte membrane, a method of manufacturing the same, and a fuel cell including the polymer electrolyte membrane are provided, wherein the polymer electrolyte forms an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) of a polymer by simple blending of a hydrophobic polyimide having a reactive terminal group and a hydrophilic aromatic polymer having ion conductivity. The polymer electrolyte membrane has reduced swelling properties due to highly dense crosslinking of polyimide through the reactive terminal group, shows high ion conductivity at low humidity, and has methanol crossover suppressing ability. Accordingly, a fuel cell with improved electric and mechanical properties can be provided.

Abstract: A solid acid having a core of calixarene or calix resorcinarene. The solid acid is an ion conducting compound in which at least one of the hydroxyl groups is substituted by an organic group having a cation exchange group at a terminal end, a polymer electrolyte membrane including the same, and a fuel cell using the polymer electrolyte membrane. The polymer electrolyte membrane can provide low methanol crossover and high ionic conductivity. Accordingly, a fuel cell having high efficiency can be obtained by using the polymer electrolyte membrane.

Abstract: A dispersant for a carbon nanotube and a composition comprising the same are provided, wherein the dispersant is comprised of a structure including a head part composed of an electron-rich atom and an aromatic ring having a high affinity for the carbon nanotube and a tail part having an affinity for a dispersion medium, and thus exhibits excellent stabilizing and dispersing effects of the carbon nanotube in a variety of dispersion media including organic solvents, water or mixtures thereof. Use of the dispersant in accordance with the present invention enables convenient preparation of carbon nanotube compositions necessary for a variety of industrial fields such as emitters of field emission displays (FEDs), carbon nanotube inks, printable carbon nanotubes and the like.

Abstract: A sulfonated copolymer including a crosslinking functional group and a fuel cell including a polymer composition of the same are provided. The sulfonated copolymer including a crosslinking functional group can remarkably reduce methanol crossover and maintain superior dimensional stability and ionic conductivity by reducing swelling.

Abstract: A sulfonated copolymer including a crosslinking functional group and a fuel cell including a polymeric composition of the same are provided. The sulfonated copolymer including a crosslinking functional group can remarkably reduce methanol crossover and maintain superior dimensional stability and ionic conductivity by reducing swelling.

Abstract: An optical device which maintains luminance characteristics to the greatest extent, improves light-collecting effects, and realizes a wide viewing angle, and a backlight unit and an LCD including the same. The optical device includes a light-transmitting base film. A plurality of convex portions is formed on at least one surface of the base film, and microscopic optical patterns have peaks and valleys, which abut each other, on part of the convex portions. Alternatively, a plurality of third fine optical patterns is formed on at least one surface of the base film. A portion of each third fine optical patterns abutting the base film forms a figure having long and short axes. Each of the third fine optical patterns has a peak with a height that decreases from the center to both ends thereof along the long axis.

Abstract: A polymer electrolyte membrane including an ionic conducting polymer and a light-irradiated product of a photoacid generator (PAG), a method of manufacturing the same, and a fuel cell using the same. The polymer electrolyte membrane has excellent proton conductivity and homogeneity by radiating light such as UV light onto the PAG, thereby producing an acid radical which generates an acid. The polymer electrolyte membrane also suppresses methanol crossover well. The polymer electrolyte membrane can be used as an electrolyte membrane of a fuel cell, for example, a direct methanol fuel cell.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a polymer comprising terminal sulfonic acid groups, which has a high ionic conductivity and good structural stability, does not decompose even under low humidity conditions, and is inexpensive to produce. Furthermore, the present invention is related to a polymer electrolyte and a fuel cell using the same. The polymer of the present invention has a substituent comprising a terminal sulfonic acid group comprising Formula (1) at a side chain: where n may be a number in the range of about 1 to about 5.