Abstract: Gypsum scale inhibitors useful under wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) scrubber temperature and pH conditions. The gypsum inhibitors advantageously prevent or minimize gypsum scale formation and crystal growth in mist eliminator wash water and in the scrubber internals. Specific inhibitors contemplated include copolymers of modified acrylic acid/acrylamide; acrylic acid/vinyl acetate; acrylic acid/maleic anhydride; acrylic acid/acrylate ester; and combinations thereof. In addition, gypsum scale inhibitors comprising phosphonate-polymer blends of hexamethylene diamine tetra (methylene phosphonic acid) salts and polymaleate, poly(acrylic acid/ethylacrylate), poly(acrylic acid/N-methoxypropyl acrylamide/acrylamide), poly(acrylic acid/N-propyl acrylamide/acrylamide), and combinations thereof are also contemplated.

Abstract: The present invention provides the methyl chloride and dimethyl surfate quaternary ammonium salts of 1-acryloyl-4-methyl piperazine, their homopolymers and copolymers, and water clarification processes in which is used polymers of 1-acryloyl-4-methyl piperazine.

Abstract: Water supplies are treated to inhibit the formation of scale deposits of alkaline earth phosphates, phosphonates, sulphates and carbonates using various hydrocarbon polymers which contain an amido functionality and which have been prepared by post-polymerization derivatization.

Abstract: A method of introducing acrylamido methane sulfonic acid groups into acrylic acid or methacrylic acid polymers which comprises reacting the carboxylic acid groups in such polymers with from 2-100 mole % of an ammonia, formaldehyde and a water-soluble bisulfite mixture.

Abstract: A high temperature, pressurized process is described to synthesize substituted carboxylated modified acrylamide polymers represented by the structure: ##STR1## wherein X is from the group --SO.sub.3 M, --PO.sub.3 M.sub.2, --COOR, --OR, ##STR2## and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A high calcium containing drilling fluid having a 0.1-10 pounds per barrel of a deflocculant which is a water-soluble acrylic polymer which contains from 5-50 mole percent of one or more of the following:Sulfoethyl acrylamide; orAcrylamide and Sulfoethyl acrylamide; orEthyl acrylate and Sulfoethyl acrylamide; orAcrylamide and Sulfophenyl acrylamide; orAcrylamide and Sulfomethyl acrylamide.

Abstract: The methyl chloride or dimethyl sulfate quaternary ammonium salt of 1-acryloyl-4-methyl piperazine and polymers thereof.

Abstract: Polyacrylamide is reacted with formaldehyde and bisulfite at a temperature of at least about 100.degree. C. and at an initial reaction mixture pH of less than about 12, preferably about 3 to about 8, to produce sulfomethylpolyacrylamide.

Abstract: A composition and method for inhibiting corrosion in industrial cooling waters which contain hardness and have a pH of at least 8, which composition comprises a water-soluble organic phosphonate capable of inhibiting corrosion in an aqueous alkaliine environment and a hydrocarbon polymer containing an N-substituted acrylamide polymer with an amide structure as follows: ##STR1## where R.sub.2 is hydrogen or methyl, R.sub.1 is a hydrogen or an alkyl and R is alkylene or phenylene, and X is sulfonate, (poly)hydroxyl, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting corrosion in industrial cooling waters which contain hardness and a pH of at least 6.5, by dosing the water with a composition which comprises a water-soluble inorganic phosphate capable of inhibiting corrosion in an aqueous alkaline environment and a hydrocarbon polymer containing an N-substituted acrylamide polymers with an amide structure as follows: ##STR1## where R.sub.2 is hydrogen or methyl, R.sub.1 is a hydrogen or an alkyl and R is alkylene or phenylene, and X is sulfonate, (poly)hydroxyl, (poly)carboxyl or carbonyl, and combinations thereof; or containing derivatized maleic anhydride homo-, co- and terpolymers having N-substituted maleamic acid units, N-substituted maleimide units and maleic acid (and salts) units having a structure as follows: ##STR2## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.

Abstract: A vinyl polymer containing at least 1 mole percent of N-acetoacetylacrylamide monomer.

Abstract: An aqueous 50% or higher by weight magnesium hydroxide slurry having a reduced Brookfield viscosity which contains from 0.1-5% by weight based on the weight of said slurry of a sulfomethylated polyacrylamide having from 2-30 mole percent of sulfomethyl groups and having a molecular weight of from 5,000-30,000.

Abstract: A high solids black liquor having the property of reduced turbulent flow/drag comprising a high solids black liquor which contains a few parts per million of a water soluble terpolymer containing the repeating units in the following mole percentages: ##STR1## wherein R is a lower alkyl group from 1-6 carbon atoms, M is H or alkali metal, said terpolymer having a Reduced Specific Viscosity of at least 25.

Abstract: The methyl chloride or dimethyl sulfate quaternary ammonium salt of 1-methacryloyl-4-methyl piperazine.

Abstract: Pendant amide-containing polymers may be modified in such a way to achieve substituted pendant amide groups described by the structure: ##STR1## wherein: R is chosen from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) groups,R.sup.1 is a multivalent hydrocarbonaceous bridging group containing from 1-20 carbon atoms,X is a tertiary amine or a quaternary ammonium salt functional group,Y is chosen from the group consisting of --OR"', and ##STR2## and mixtures thereof, and whereinR"' is chosen from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl groups, aryl alkyl, aryl groups and the like,q ranges from 0-50,m ranges from 0-24,n ranges from 0-24, provided that the sum of m plus n is at least 1.Processes for achieving modified polymers having the above functional group is also disclosed.

Abstract: Polymers containing as little as 5 mole percent of 1-acryloyl-4-methyl piperazine are superior flocculants for treating raw sewage sludges and sludges obtained by biological degradation.

Abstract: A process of flocculating suspended solids which comprises treating such suspension with an effective amount of a flocculant comprising a water-soluble terpolymer which contains sulfonate groups and has an RSV of at least 15.

Abstract: A high temperature, pressurized process is described to synthesize sulfonated acrylamide polymers represented by the structure: ##STR1##

Abstract: A method of dewatering BOF scrubbing liquid sludges which contain large amounts of finely divided iron oxides which comprises treating these sludges with a dewatering amount of an acrylamide acrylic acid, N-substituted lower alkyl acrylamide sulfonate terpolymer which contains from 35-80 mole percent of acrylamide, from 10-60 mole percent of acrylic acid and from 1-30 mole percent of the N-substituted lower alkyl acrylamide sulfonate which terpolymer has a reduced specific viscosity (RSV) of at least 25.

Abstract: A high temperature, pressurized process is described to synthesize substituted carboxylated modified acrylamide polymers represented by the structure: ##STR1## wherein X is from the group --SO.sub.3 M, --PO.sub.3 M.sub.2, --COOR, --OR, ##STR2## and mixtures thereof.