Abstract: An online system identifies an opportunity to present content to a viewing user and sends candidate content items eligible for presentation to the viewing user for display to a client device associated with the viewing user. The online system computes an estimated value associated with presenting a candidate content item to the viewing user based at least in part on a bid amount associated with the candidate content item and communicates the value to a content-providing user associated with the candidate content item. Based on information received from the client device describing the placement of one or more candidate content items within a feed of content items presented to the viewing user, the online system calculates a detrimental effect of presenting the candidate content item on user engagement with the online system by the viewing user and computes an adjusted value associated with its presentation based on the detrimental effect.

Abstract: An online system receives content items from publishing users for presentation to other users. When selecting content for presentation to users, the online system accounts for amounts of compensation from publishing users when presenting content items. To prevent publishing users from exploiting content selection by the online system to obtain disproportionate presentation of their content items relative to other publishing users, the online system generates an estimated amount of revenue from various publishing users from presenting their content items. The online system compares an amount of compensation received from a publishing user to the estimated amount of revenue from the publishing user, and generates clusters of content items from the publishing user for review if the amount of compensation is at least a threshold amount less than the estimated amount of revenue.

Abstract: An online system determines a change in of revenue received when a budget for presenting content received from a publishing user is increased. Based on the change in revenue to the online system, the online system determines a subsidy that the online system can provide to one or more publishing users that increases revenue received by the online system from the publishing users, while accounting for the subsidy. To determine the change in revenue for determining the subsidy, the online system selects a subset of publishing users, increases budgets for content presentation provided by the subset of publishing users, and determines changes in revenue to the online system from the increased budgets.

Abstract: A comparison between items for sale in a marketplace and items for sale at an external retailer is used to generate one or more recommended actions for the marketplace. For example, if the marketplace has a comparable quantity of available items in a product cluster with better prices, a recommendation to promote the items based on price may be generated As another example, if the marketplace has a better variety of items available in the product cluster, a recommendation to promote the items that are unavailable at the external retailer may be generated. As a third example, if the marketplace has fewer items available in the product cluster, a recommendation to procure additional inventory may be generated. As yet another example, if the marketplace has items available in the product cluster at a higher price than the external retailer, a recommendation to reduce prices may be generated.