Abstract: The concentration of dissolved arsenic in water is reduced by contacting the water containing the arsenic with zinc oxide.

Abstract: A fluid treating method for treating fluid to reduce the concentration of undesirable nitrogen compounds and/or metal constituents contained therein is disclosed. The method utilizes a bed of metal particulate matter. The metal particulate matter comprises copper. Preferably, the metal particulate also contains zinc and can be in the form of an alloy. The fluid treated is often water, preferably, drinking water. Among the nitrogen compounds that may be effected by the present method are inorganic nitrates and nitrites and/or metals may be aluminum, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, copper, gold, iron, lead, mercury, selenium and silver.

Abstract: A method and system are disclosed for reducing the scale formation in a hot water reservoir in which a metal element of copper and/or zinc, and preferably brass, is positioned in the hot water in the reservoir.

Abstract: A fluid treating method for treating fluid to kill or inhibit bacteria and/or to reduce the concentration of undesirable inorganic constituents including chlorine and metal constituents contained therein is disclosed. The method utilizes a bed of metal particulate matter. The metal particulate matter comprises copper. Preferably, the metal particulate also contains zinc and can be in the form of an alloy. The fluid treated is often water, preferably, drinking water. Among the metals that may be effected by the present method are aluminum, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, copper, gold, iron, lead, mercury, selenium and silver.

Abstract: A fluid treating method for treating fluid to kill or inhibit bacteria and/or to reduce the concentration of undesirable metal constituents contained therein is disclosed. The method utilizes a bed of metal particulate matter. The metal particulate matter comprises copper. Preferably, the metal particulate also contains zinc and can be in the form of an alloy. The fluid treated is often water, preferably, drinking water. Among the metals that may be effected by the present method are aluminum, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, copper, gold, iron, lead, mercury, selenium and silver.

Abstract: A fluid treating method for treating fluid to reduce the concentration of undesirable metal constituents contained therein is disclosed. The method utilizes a bed of metal particulate matter. The metal particulate matter comprises copper. Preferably, the metal particulate also contains zinc and can be in the form of an alloy. The fluid treated is often water, preferably, drinking water. Among the metals that may be effected by the present method are aluminum, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, copper, gold, iron, lead, mercury, selenium and silver.

Abstract: A fluid treating method for treating water to reduce the hardness therein is disclosed. The method utilizes a bed of finely divided metal particulate matter. The metal particulate matter comprises copper, and may also contain zinc and can be in the form of an alloy.

Abstract: A fluid treating apparatus and method for treating fluid to remove undesirable constituents contained therein are disclosed. The apparatus and method include employing a bed of metal particulate matter. The metal particulate matter is preferably chosen from metals having: favorable redox potentials relative to the redox potentials of the undesirable constituents so as to establish conditions for spontaneous oxidation and reduction reactions between the undesirable constituents and the metal particles and/or having bacteriostatic or bactericidal properties in the case where the undesirable constituent sought to be treated is a bacteria.

Abstract: A fluid treating method for treating water to reduce the hardness therein is disclosed. The method utilizes a bed of metal particulate matter. The metal particulate matter comprises copper, and preferably also contains zinc and can be in the form of an alloy.

Abstract: A fluid treating method for treating fluid to reduce the concentration of undesirable metal constituents contained therein is disclosed. The method utilizes a bed of metal particulate matter. The metal particulate matter comprises copper. Preferably, the metal particulate also contains zinc and can be in the form of an alloy. The fluid treated is often water, preferably, drinking water. Among the metals that may be effected by the present method are aluminum, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, copper, gold, iron, lead, mercury, selenium and silver.

Abstract: A method for treating fluid to remove hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide is disclosed. The method includes passing fluid containing the hydrogen sulfide and/or sulfur dioxide through a bed of metal particulate matter. The metal particulate matter is preferably chosen from metals having favorable redox potentials relative to the redox potentials of these undesirable constituents so as to establish conditions for spontaneous oxidation and reduction reactions between the undesirable constituents and the metal particles.

Abstract: A fluid treating apparatus and method for treating fluid to remove undesirable constituents contained therein are disclosed. The apparatus and method include employing a bed of metal particulate matter. The metal particulate matter is preferably chosen from metals having favorable redox potentials relative to the redox potentials of the undesirable constituents so as to establish conditions for spontaneous oxidation and reduction reactions between the undesirable constituents and the metal particles and/or having bacteriostatic or bactericidal properties in the case where the undesirable constituent sought to be treated is a bacteria.

Abstract: A fluid treating method for treating fluid to reduce the concentration of undesirable metal constitutents contained therein is disclosed. The method utilizes a bed of metal particulate matter. The metal particulate matter comprises copper. Preferably, the metal particulate also contains zinc and can be in the form of an alloy. The fluid treated is often water, preferably, drinking water. Among the metals that may be effected by the present method are aluminum, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, copper, gold, iron, lead, mercury, selenium and silver.

Abstract: A method for treating fluid to remove hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide is disclosed. The method includes passing fluid containing the hydrogen sulfide and/or sulfur dioxide through a bed of metal particulate matter. The metal particulate matter is preferably chosen from metals having favorable redox potentials relative to the redox potentials of these undesirable constituents so as to establish conditions for spontaneous oxidation and reduction reactions between the undesirable constituents and the metal particles.

Abstract: A method for treating fluid to remove undesirable constituents contained therein such as chlorine and nitrate constituents is disclosed. The method includes passing fluid containing the undesirable constituents through a bed of metal particulate matter. The metal particulate matter is preferably chosen from metals having favorable redox potentials relative to the redox potentials of the undesirable constituents so as to establish conditions for spontaneous oxidation and reduction reactions between the undesirable constituents and the metal particles.

Abstract: A fluid treating apparatus and method are provided which employ finely subdivided surface active particles arranged in loose bed form and confined within a treating tank by means which prevent the escape of such particles but which permits fluid flow therethrough at a high rate with a minimum pressure drop. In an important embodiment, the apparatus and method of this invention are particularly directed to the treatment of water with fine mesh ion cation exchange resin particles of below 50 mesh size, and preferably 100 to 200 mesh or smaller, measured on a dry basis.

Abstract: A fluid treating apparatus and method are provided which employ finely subdivided surface active particles arranged in loose bed form and confined within a treating tank by means which prevent the escape of such particles but which permits fluid flow therethrough at a high rate with a minimum pressure drop. In an important embodiment, the apparatus and method of this invention are particularly directed to the treatment of water with fine mesh ion cation exchange resin particles of below 50 mesh size, and preferably 100 to 200 mesh or smaller, measured on a dry basis.

Abstract: A fluid treating apparatus and method are provided which employ finely subdivided surface active particles arranged in loose bed form and confined within a treating tank by means which prevent the escape of such particles but which permits fluid flow therethrough at a high rate with a minimum pressure drop. In an important embodiment, the apparatus and method of this invention are particularly directed to the treatment of water with fine mesh ion cation exchange resin particles of below 50 mesh size, and preferably 100 to 200 mesh or smaller, measured on a dry basis.

Abstract: A fluid treating apparatus and method are provided which employ finely subdivided surface active particles arranged in loose bed form and confined within a treating tank by means which prevent the escape of such particles but which permits fluid flow therethrough at a high rate with a minimum pressure drop. In an important embodiment, the apparatus and method of this invention are particularly directed to the treatment of water with fine mesh ion cation exchange resin particles of below 50 mesh size, and preferably 100 to 200 mesh or smaller, measured on a dry basis.