Abstract: A chain sprocket tensioner wrench apparatus for safely and easily loosening engine belt tensioners in tight spaces includes a housing and a frame clip coupled to a bottom edge of the housing configured to selectively engage a frame of a truck. A sprocket is rotatably coupled within the housing and is configured to selectively receive a socket wrench to be driven. A chain stop is coupled to a back edge of the housing. A chain has a proximal end pivotably coupled to the chain stop, extends over the sprocket, and extends down beneath the frame clip. A wrench is pivotably coupled to a distal end of the chain and is configured to selectively engage a belt tensioner of an engine of the truck. Driving the sprocket drive head lifts the chain to pivot the wrench and rotate the wrench drive head to loosen the belt tensioner.

Abstract: A chain sprocket tensioner wrench apparatus for safely and easily loosening engine belt tensioners in tight spaces includes a housing and a frame clip coupled to a bottom edge of the housing configured to selectively engage a frame of a truck. A sprocket is rotatably coupled within the housing and is configured to selectively receive a socket wrench to be driven. A chain stop is coupled to a back edge of the housing. A chain has a proximal end pivotably coupled to the chain stop, extends over the sprocket, and extends down beneath the frame clip. A wrench is pivotably coupled to a distal end of the chain and is configured to selectively engage a belt tensioner of an engine of the truck. Driving the sprocket drive head lifts the chain to pivot the wrench and rotate the wrench drive head to loosen the belt tensioner.

Abstract: A method for the direct reduction of iron oxide utilizing sulfur-containing gas such as coke oven gas for the process gas. Sulfur-containing gas is heated and injected into a shaft furnace above the reduction zone into a prereduction and sulfur transfer zone for transferring sufficient sulfur from the process gas to the burden, that the catalyst for reforming the spent top gas will not be poisoned.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing molten iron in which pulverized coal is gasified with oxygen in an iron melting chamber, iron pellets on an upstanding hearth in the melting chamber are exposed to the gasification heat and melted. Molten iron trickles down from the hearth to a surrounding liquid bath. Off-gases from the chamber are utilized for direct reduction of iron oxide pellets to produce hot reduced iron pellets which are melted in the chamber.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing particulate iron oxide to molten iron utilizing solid carbonaceous fuel as reductant in a shaft type reducing furnace, in which a furnace burden is formed of a mixture of iron oxide lumps or pellets and particulate solid fuel. Reacted top gas is upgraded and recirculated through the burden in counterflow relationship thereby heating and reducing the burden. The heat for reduction is generated by passing electric current through the burden. A portion of the heat for melting of reduced iron and a supplemental source of hot reducing gas is provided by oxy-fuel burners located in the shaft furnace above the molten iron pool.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the direct reduction of iron oxide utilizing sulfur-containing gas such as coke oven gas for the process gas. Sulfur-containing gas is heated and injected above the reduction zone to transfer the sulfur to the hot burden. The apparatus includes an upper bustle zone for prereduction and sulfur transfer and a lower bustle zone for the final reduction of the burden to metallized iron.

Abstract: A method for the continuous direct reduction of metal oxides, ores, etc. to a hot metallized product in solid form. A unique gas seal is employed to prevent the leakage of reduction gas from the bottom of the closed shaft furnace when the product is being discharged which does not affect the discharge temperature of the product.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing particulate iron oxide to molten iron utilizing solid carbonaceous fuel as reductant in a shaft type reducing furnace, in which a furnace burden is formed of a mixture of iron oxide lumps or pellets and particulate solid fuel. Reacted top gas is upgraded and recirculated through the burden in counterflow relationship thereby heating and reducing the burden. The heat for reduction is generated by passing electric current through the burden. A portion of the heat for melting of reduced iron and a supplemental source of hot reducing gas is provided by oxy-fuel burners located in the shaft furnace above the molten iron pool.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing molten iron in which pulverized coal is gasified with oxygen in an iron melting chamber, iron pellets on an upstanding hearth in the melting chamber are exposed to the gasification heat and melted. Molten iron trickles down from the hearth to a surrounding liquid bath. Off-gases from the chamber are utilized for direct reduction of iron oxide pellets to produce hot reduced iron pellets which are melted in the chamber.

Abstract: Apparatus for the direct reduction of iron and production of fuel gas in which a fossil fuel is gasified to produce a hot gas which is tempered with a carbon dioxide rich gas. The mixture is reacted with carbon to upgrade it in reducing potential and is desulfurized by reaction with lime in a first shaft furnace to form a hot reducing gas. The hot reducing gas is utilized as the reductant in a counterflow shaft reduction furnace, a minor portion of the spent reducing gas is recycled as tempering gas for the gas from the hot gasifier, and the major portion of spent reducing gas becomes a source of fuel gas. The apparatus includes a gasifier, counterflow shaft gas reactor, a shaft type direct reduction furnace and associated equipment.

Abstract: A method for the direct reduction of iron in which a fossil fuel is gasified to produce a hot gas which is tempered with a cool spent top gas from a reduction furnace, reacted with carbon to upgrade the hot gas in reducing potential, and desulfurized by reaction with lime in a first shaft furnace to form a hot reducing gas. The hot reducing gas is utilized as the reductant in a counterflow shaft reduction furnace and the spent reducing gas is recycled as tempering gas for the hot gas from the hot gasifier.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the direct reduction of iron in which a fossil fuel is gasified to produce a hot gas which is tempered with a carbon dioxide lean gas. The mixture is reacted with carbon to upgrade it in reducing potential and is desulfurized by reaction with lime in a first shaft furnace to form a hot reducing gas. The hot reducing gas is utilized as the reductant in a counterflow shaft reduction furnace and the spent reducing gas is recycled as tempering gas for the gas from the hot gasifier. The apparatus includes a gasifier, counterflow shaft gas reactor, a shaft type direct reduction furnace and associated equipment.

Abstract: A method for the direct reduction of iron and production of fuel gas in which a fossil fuel is gasified to produce a hot gas which is tempered with a carbon dioxide rich gas. The mixture is reacted with carbon to upgrade it in reducing potential and is desulfurized by reaction with lime in a first shaft furnace to form a hot reducing gas. The hot reducing gas is utilized as the reductant in a counterflow shaft reduction furnace, a minor portion of the spent reducing gas is recycled as tempering gas for the gas from the hot gasifier, and the major portion of spent reducing gas becomes a source of fuel gas.

Abstract: Apparatus for reducing particulate iron oxide to molten iron utilizing solid carbonaceous fuel as reductant in a shaft type reducing furnace, in which a furnace burden is formed of a mixture of iron oxide lumps or pellets and particulate solid fuel. Reacted top gas is upgraded and recirculated through the burden in counter-flow relationship thereby heating, reducing and melting the burden. The heat for reduction and melting is generated by passing electric current through the burden.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the continuous direct reduction of metal oxides, ores, etc. to a hot metallized product in solid form. A gas unique seal is employed to prevent the leakage of reduction gas from the bottom of the closed shaft furnace when the product is being discharged which does not affect the discharge temperature of the product.

Abstract: A method for reducing particulate iron oxide to molten iron utilizing solid carbonaceous fuel as reductant in a shaft type reducing furnace, in which a furnace burden is formed of a mixture of iron oxide lumps or pellets and particulate solid fuel. Reacted top gas is upgraded and recirculated through the burden in counter-flow relationship thereby heating, reducing and melting the burden. The heat for reduction and melting is generated by passing electric current through the burden.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing particulate iron oxide to metallic iron utilizing solid carbonaceous fuel as reductant in a shaft type reducing furnace, in which a furnace burden is formed of a mixture of iron oxide lumps or pellets and particulate solid fuel. Reacted top gas is upgraded and recirculated through the burden in counter-flow relationship thereby heating and partially reducing the burden. The heat for final reduction is generated by passing electric current through the burden.

Abstract: A method for direct reduction of iron ore containing sulfur in a shaft type reduction furnace wherein two separate streams of spent reducing gas are withdrawn from the reduction furnace. One stream, being substantially free of sulfur, is recycled through a catalytic reformer to produce fresh reducing gas, the other stream, containing sulfur, is utilized in the process where sulfur is not of consequence.