Abstract: This invention generally relates to a composition and method of using mam-made small RNAs, such as small interfering RNAs (siRNA), microRNAs (miRNA) and their hairpin-like precursors (pre-miRNA), as tumor suppressing anti-cancer drugs for treating human tumors and cancers, in particular, but not limited, for treating skin (melanoma), blood (leukemia), prostate, breast, liver and lung cancers as well as various neoplastic tumors, such as brain tumors and teratocarcinomas that contain a variety of tumorous and cancerous cells derived from all three germ layers of tissues, including ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. More specifically, the present invention relates to the use of miR-302-like siRNA (siR-302) and/or miR-302 precursors (pre-miR-302) for developing novel medicines and therapies against a variety of human cancers, in particular lung cancers.

Abstract: This invention generally relates to a composition and method of using mam-made small RNAs, such as small interfering RNAs (siRNA), microRNAs (miRNA) and their hairpin-like precursors (pre-miRNA), as tumor suppressing anti-cancer drugs for treating human tumors and cancers, in particular, but not limited, for treating skin (melanoma), blood (leukemia), prostate, breast, liver and lung cancers as well as various neoplastic tumors, such as brain tumors and teratocarcinomas that contain a variety of tumorous and cancerous cells derived from all three germ layers of tissues, including ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. More specifically, the present invention relates to the use of miR-302-like siRNA (siR-302) and/or miR-302 precursors (pre-miR-302) for developing novel medicines and therapies against a variety of human cancers, in particular lung cancers.

Abstract: Eukaryotic protein-coding messenger RNAs and non-coding microRNAs are naturally transcribed by type II RNA polymerases (pol-2) but not prokaryotic RNA polymerases. As a result, current eukaryotic RNA and protein production is performed either using eukaryotic pol-2 promoters in hybridomas or mammalian cells or using prokaryotic promoters in bacterial cells. However, because prokaryotic RNA transcription tends to be error-prone, frequent mutation is a big problem. Also, growing hybridomas or mammalian cells is relatively laborious and costly. To overcome these problems, the present invention provides a novel inducible composition and method for producing eukaryotic RNAs and/or their related peptides/proteins directly using eukaryotic pol-2 promoter-driven gene expression in fast growing bacteria, without the need of changing to prokaryotic promoters or growing hybridomas/mammalian cells.

Abstract: This invention generally relates to a composition and method of using mam-made small RNAs, such as small interfering RNAs (siRNA), microRNAs (miRNA) and their hairpin-like precursors (pre-miRNA), as tumor suppressing anti-cancer drugs for treating human tumors and cancers, in particular, but not limited, for treating skin (melanoma), blood (leukemia), prostate, breast, liver and lung cancers as well as various neoplastic tumors, such as brain tumors and teratocarcinomas that contain a variety of tumorous and cancerous cells derived from all three germ layers of tissues, including ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. More specifically, the present invention relates to the use of miR-302-like siRNA (siR-302) and/or miR-302 precursors (pre-miR-302) for developing novel medicines and therapies against a variety of human cancers, in particular lung cancers.

Abstract: Eukaryotic protein-coding messenger RNAs and non-coding microRNAs are naturally transcribed by type II RNA polymerases (pol-2) but not prokaryotic RNA polymerases. As a result, current eukaryotic RNA and protein production is performed either using eukaryotic pol-2 promoters in hybridomas or mammalian cells or using prokaryotic promoters in bacterial cells. However, because prokaryotic RNA transcription tends to be error-prone, frequent mutation is a big problem. Also, growing hybridomas or mammalian cells is relatively laborious and costly. To overcome these problems, the present invention provides a novel inducible composition and method for producing eukaryotic RNAs and/or their related peptides/proteins directly using eukaryotic pol-2 promoter-driven gene expression in fast growing bacteria, without the need of changing to prokaryotic promoters or growing hybridomas/mammalian cells.

Abstract: Eukaryotic protein-coding messenger RNAs and non-coding microRNAs are naturally transcribed by type II RNA polymerases (pol-2) but not prokaryotic RNA polymerases. As a result, current eukaryotic RNA and protein production is performed either using eukaryotic pol-2 promoters in hybridomas or mammalian cells or using prokaryotic promoters in bacterial cells. However, because prokaryotic RNA transcription tends to be error-prone, frequent mutation is a big problem. Also, growing hybridomas or mammalian cells is relatively laborious and costly. To overcome these problems, the present invention provides a novel inducible composition and method for producing eukaryotic RNAs and/or their related peptides/proteins directly using eukaryotic pol-2 promoter-driven gene expression in fast growing bacteria, without the need of changing to prokaryotic promoters or growing hybridomas/mammalian cells.

Abstract: Eukaryotic protein-coding messenger RNAs and non-coding microRNAs are naturally transcribed by type II RNA polymerases (pol-2) but not prokaryotic RNA polymerases. As a result, current eukaryotic RNA and protein production is performed either using eukaryotic pol-2 promoters in hybridomas or mammalian cells or using prokaryotic promoters in bacterial cells. However, because prokaryotic RNA transcription tends to be error-prone, frequent mutation is a big problem. Also, growing hybridomas or mammalian cells is relatively laborious and costly. To overcome these problems, the present invention provides a novel inducible composition and method for producing eukaryotic RNAs and/or their related peptides/proteins directly using eukaryotic pol-2 promoter-driven gene expression in fast growing bacteria, without the need of changing to prokaryotic promoters or growing hybridomas/mammalian cells.

Abstract: Eukaryotic protein-coding messenger RNAs and non-coding microRNAs are naturally transcribed by type II RNA polymerases (pol-2) but not prokaryotic RNA polymerases. As a result, current eukaryotic RNA and protein production is performed either using eukaryotic pol-2 promoters in hybridomas or mammalian cells or using prokaryotic promoters in bacterial cells. However, because prokaryotic RNA transcription tends to be error-prone, frequent mutation is a big problem. Also, growing hybridomas or mammalian cells is relatively laborious and costly. To overcome these problems, the present invention provides a novel inducible composition and method for producing eukaryotic RNAs and/or their related peptides/proteins directly using eukaryotic pol-2 promoter-driven gene expression in fast growing bacteria, without the need of changing to prokaryotic promoters or growing hybridomas/mammalian cells.

Abstract: A communication system has a stratospheric platform with a payload controller and a phased array antenna having a plurality of main array elements for generating a plurality of communication beams and a plurality of auxiliary elements for canceling interference between the communication beams. A gateway station communicates with the stratospheric platform. The gateway station scales the plurality of elements to form a reconfigurable plurality of beams. The gateway station communicates an embedded control signal to the stratospheric platform to communicate a scaling of elements to form the communication beams and the auxiliary element output. The auxiliary element output is used to provide interference canceling.

Abstract: A terrestrial communication system using satellite uplink and downlink frequencies is disclosed. A terrestrial cell site produces a signal at a satellite uplink frequency that is transmitted to a terrestrial user terminal. The terrestrial cell site receives a signal at a satellite downlink frequency that was transmitted by a terrestrial user terminal. The terrestrial cell site may include a signal nulling means in the direction of a satellite producing signals at the uplink and downlink frequencies.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for the poration and fusion of cells using high-power radiofrequency electrical pulses. The electrodes of the apparatus can be hand held or part of integrated equipment with special containers for cells. The electrodes, which are positioned equidistant from each other, are attached to a high power function generator. The power function generator can apply a continuous AC electrical field and/or a high-power pulsed radiofrequency electrical field across the electrodes. The alternating electrical field induces cell congregation by the process of dielectrophoresis. The high-power pulsed radiofrequency electrical field porates or fuses the cells. The method has the ability to porate or fuse biological cells with a very high efficiency. The method can be used to fuse or porate a variety of cells including animal cells, human cells, plant cells, protoplasts, erythrocyte ghosts, liposomes, vesicles, bacteria and yeasts.

Abstract: An EHF array antenna backplate that integrates thermal cooling structure and signal processing structure together into one unified structure. In one embodiment, forced air is employed to conduct heat from active modules; while in another embodiment, embedded heat pipes are employed. The array backplate is made by using four layers. The layers are: a high density multichip interconnect board, a metal matrix composite motherboard, an integrated waveguide/cavity/cooling structure, and a metal matrix composite baseplate. Each module uses solder bumps to connect to the high density multichip interconnect board where DC power and control logic signal distribution takes place. The modules are soldered in four locations to the metal matrix composite motherboard through openings in the high density multichip interconnect board. EHF signals are coupled to the modules from a resonant cavity via probes that protrude through the high density multichip interconnect board.

Abstract: An efficient digital beam-forming network (100) utilizing a relatively few small-scale A/D converters is disclosed herein. The inventive beam-forming network (100) is disposed to generate an output beam B in response to a set of N input signals. The set of input signals is provided by an antenna array (110) having N elements, upon which is incident an electromagnetic wavefront of a first carrier frequency. The present invention includes an orthogonal encoder circuit (170) for generating a set of N orthogonal voltage waveforms. A set of biphase modulators (162-168) modulates the phase of each of the input signals in response to one of the orthogonal voltage waveforms, thereby generating a set of N phase modulated input signals. The N phase modulated input signals are combined within an adder (180) to form a composite input signal. The inventive network (100) further includes a downconverting mixer (184) for generating an IF input signal in response to the composite input signal.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for the poration and fusion of cells using high-power radiofrequency electrical pulses. The electrodes of the apparatus can be hand held or part of integrated equipment with special containers for cells. The electrodes, which are positioned equidistant from each other, are attached to a high power function generator. The power function generator can apply a continuous AC electrical field and/or a high-power pulsed radiofrequency electrical field across the electrodes. The alternating electrical field induces cell congregation by the process of dielectrophoresis. The high-power pulsed radiofrequency electrical field porates or fuses the cells. The method has the ability to porate or fuse biological cells with a very high efficiency. The method can be used to fuse or porate a variety of cells including animal cells, human cells, plant cells, protoplasts, erythrocyte ghosts, liposomes, vesicles, bacteria and yeasts.

Abstract: A lightweight, low profile phased array antenna 10 is disclosed which includes an electromagnetically coupled integrated subarray in a multilayer structure with no vertical electrical connections and no phase shifters. The integrated subarray includes a first layer 11 having an array of patches 20 of electrically conductive material. A second layer 15, is provided, in parallel registration with the first layer 11, which includes an array of resonators 22, each resonator 22 being electromagnetically coupled to a corresponding patch 20 in the first layer 11. A third layer 19 is provided which is in parallel registration with the second layer 15. Electromagnetic couplers 24 and 34 in the second and third layers 15 and 19 couple energy received by resonators 22 in the second layer 15, to processing circuitry in the third layer 19. The antenna of the present invention is adapted for transmit and receive modes of operation.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for the poration and fusion of cells using radiofrequency electrical pulses. The electrodes of the apparatus can be hand held or part of integrated equipment with special containers for cells. The electrodes, which are positioned equal distance from each other, are attached to a power function generator. The power function generator can apply a continuous AC electrical field and/or a pulsed radiofrequency electrical field across the electrodes. The alternating electrical field induces cell dielectrophoresis. The pulsed radiofrequency electrical field porates or fuses the cells. The method can be used to fuse or porate a variety of cells including erythrocyte ghosts, liposomes, vesicles, isolated cells and cultured cells. During the poration or fusions a variety of chemical agents including antibodies, proteins, drugs, molecular probes, hormones, growth factors, DNA, RNA, enzymes, organic chemicals and inorganic chemicals can be introduced into these cells.