Abstract: The present invention relates to a communication system and method that allows a transmitter segment (ground end of uplink segment) to dynamically combine power from plurality of propagation channels (transponders) in order to improve power levels of signals being transmitted, without affecting the receiver segment (user end of downlink segment) and the propagation segment (space segment), and without modifying the configuration of the propagation apparatus (satellite). Specifically, the transmitter segment generates mixtures of input signals by using Wavefront-Multiplexing and transmits the wavefront-multiplexed (WFM) signals through propagation channels to a receiver segment that coherently separates the mixtures of received WFM signals by using adaptive equalization and Wavefront-De-Multiplexing.

Abstract: A compact patch antenna array for mobile terminal applications comprising: a plurality of radiators mounted on one surface of a dielectric, with a ground plane being mounted on the other side of the dielectric. Beneath the ground plane, another dielectric with feeding network is placed. Other embodiments are described and shown in FIG. 2.

Abstract: A system for allowing ground terminals, specifically mobile ground terminals, to dynamically and electronically realign signal polarizations to match that of incoming and outgoing signal polarizations from designated space assets, specifically communications from satellites, comprising an adaptive re-orientation technique based on a cost minimization function, and a means of direct calculations of weighting components based on the knowledge of the orientation and bearing of both the satellites and the ground terminals. The embodiment will allow a mobile ground terminal to electronically realign itself to the signals of a satellite, without the need for mechanical processes to physically re-orient the antenna array.

Abstract: The invention is about a method and apparatus for grouping multiple satellite transponders with both (LP) polarization formats in different frequencies through Wave-Front (WF) Multiplexing (muxing) techniques for ground terminals with incompatible (CP) polarization formats. As a result of this invention, linear polarized (LP) transponders can be accessed and efficiently utilized by circularly polarized (CP) ground terminals and vice versa. This invention consists of conventional ground terminals, a unique organization of space assets, and a unique polarization alignment processor. The applications of wavefront multiplexing techniques to satellite communications offer many potential advantages, including improved flexibility and utility efficiency of existing space assets. Our proposed “Polarization Utility Waveforms” is an entirely new concept in VSAT and Earth Station Antenna diversity.

Abstract: An advanced channel storage and retrieving system is achieved that is capable of simultaneously transporting multiple-stream data concurrently, with encryptions and error detection and limited correction capability using wavefront (WF) multiplexing (muxing) at the pre-processing and WF demultiplexing (de-muxing) in the post-processing. The WF muxing and demuxing processing can be applied for multiple signal streams with similar contents and format such as cable TV delivery systems or multiple signal streams with very distinct contents and format such as Karaoke multimedia systems. The stored or transported data are preprocessed by a WF muxing processor and are in the formats of multiple sub-channels. Signals in each sub-channel are results of unique linear combination of all the input signals streams. Conversely, an input signal stream is replicated and appears on all the sub-channels.

Abstract: A communication system has a first plurality of wireless basestations having adaptive antennas with a plurality of main array antenna elements for generating a plurality of communication beams. The system further includes a gateway station coupled to the first plurality of wireless basestations. The gateway station forms a plurality of beams commands by communicating plurality of a control signals to the first plurality of wireless basestations to form the communication beams. A second plurality of wireless base stations having a second plurality of adaptive antennas with a second plurality of main array antenna elements for generating a plurality of communication beams to communicate with said mobile user.

Abstract: This device combines multiple elements that function like a single smart antenna that performs both connectivity and spatial discrimination functions. The antenna functions in both receive and transmit modes. The apparatus utilizes commonly used components to distinguish and separate desired satellite signals from those signals of satellites in close directional proximity. Disclosed are six methods for optimizing reception of desired satellite signals performed either mechanically or electronically and also included is an optimization technique when data stream reception is ?1 Gbps. The transmission apparatus uses many of the same components as the receiver antenna and additionally uses in-beam nulling to fine tune transmission.

Abstract: The present invention relates to antenna architectures and methods on re-configurable multi-element antennas via feed re-positioning for various optimized radiation contours, including beam forming (or shaping) and/or null steering on contoured beams, spot beams, and orthogonal beams. The feed re-positioning techniques can also be used in radiation pattern optimization processing during antennas designing phases for fixed beams. The techniques are applicable for satellite communications. For satellite antennas, the beam shaping capability via element repositioning can be utilized for (1) optimized geometries on satellite antennas for given desired coverage areas, (2) re-optimizing radiation contours for reconfigurable antenna on board satellites in operation, (3) additional flexibility for satellite antennas using ground based beam forming (GBBF). As to satellite ground terminals, the same techniques are applicable for both fixed and mobile satellite terminals featuring either single beam or multiple beams.

Abstract: A communication system has a high altitude device having an adaptive antenna with a plurality of main array antenna elements for generating a plurality of communication beams. The system further includes a gateway station coupled to the high altitude device. The gateway station forms a plurality of beams commands by communicating a plurality of control signals to the high altitude device station to form the communication beams.

Abstract: A system has a stratospheric platform with a payload controller and a phased array antenna having a plurality of elements. A gateway station communicates with the stratospheric platform. The gateway station scales the plurality of elements to form a reconfigurable plurality of beams. The gateway station communicates a control signal to the stratospheric platform to communicate a scaling of the elements. The stratospheric platform configures the elements of the phased array antenna according to the scaling using adaptive interference rejections.

Abstract: A communication system has a first plurality of wireless basestations having adaptive antennas with a plurality of main array antenna elements for generating a plurality of communication beams. The system further includes a gateway station coupled to the first plurality of wireless basestations. The gateway station forms a plurality of beams commands by communicating plurality of a control signals to the first plurality of wireless basestations to form the communication beams. A second plurality of wireless base stations having a second plurality of adaptive antennas with a second plurality of main array antenna elements for generating a plurality of communication beams to communicate with said mobile user.

Abstract: A communication system has a stratospheric platform with a payload controller and a phased array antenna having a plurality of main array elements for generating a plurality of communication beams and a plurality of auxiliary elements for canceling interference between the communication beams. A gateway station communicates with the stratospheric platform. The gateway station scales the plurality of elements to form a reconfigurable plurality of beams. The gateway station communicates an embedded control signal to the stratospheric platform to communicate a scaling of elements to form the communication beams and the auxiliary element output. The auxiliary element output is used to provide interference canceling.

Abstract: A communication system has a communication infrastructure including at least two devices from the group including a cell tower, a first satellite constellation and a second satellite constellation, a stratospheric platform, that are coupled to user terminals through a plurality of dynamic links. The terminal monitors and changes the multiple and dynamic links as the position of the user terminal relative to the said at least two devices.

Abstract: A low cost and low profile antenna for commercial use, either in a fixed or mobile condition is disclosed. The antenna has a generally flat circular plate that rotates to seam the azimuth direction. A plurality of radiation elements are positioned on the surface of the circular plate. The received signals are multiplexed, digitally converted, digitally beamformed, and then transferred to a digital receiver.

Abstract: A communication system has a stratospheric platform with a payload controller and a phased array antenna having a plurality of main array elements for generating a plurality of communication beams and a plurality of auxiliary elements for canceling interference between the communication beam. A gateway station communicates with the stratospheric platform. The gateway station scales the plurality of elements to form a reconfigurable plurality of beams. The gateway station communicates an embedded control signal to the stratospheric platform to communicate a scaling of elements to form the communication beams and the auxiliary element output. The auxiliary element output is used to provide interference canceling.

Abstract: A method for rapid acquisition of a specific subscriber by a ground-based beamformer includes the steps of defining a coverage area as an arrangement of a plurality of cells wherein one of the plurality of cells includes a specific subscriber; defining a partition of cell clusters wherein one of the cell clusters includes the one of the plurality of cells that includes the specific subscriber; forming a beam that corresponds to an area of one of the cell clusters; and scanning the beam to the cell cluster that includes the specific subscriber.

Abstract: A method of increasing utilization of user link bandwidth for a code division multiple access communications system is disclosed that includes the steps of selecting a set of orthogonal complex codes each having a code length that is greater than a code length of an optimum real code and less than or equal to a spreading code length; and transferring symbols across at least one of a plurality of user links to or from at least one of a corresponding plurality of user terminals wherein the symbols are represented by a corresponding one of the set of orthogonal complex codes.

Abstract: A method of increasing utilization of user link bandwidth for a code division multiple access communications system is disclosed that includes the steps of selecting a set of orthogonal complex codes each having a code length that is greater than a code length of an optimum real code and less than or equal to a number of antenna elements in an antenna array of the feeder link.

Abstract: A mobile wireless communications system including a plurality of individual transponding nodes of various types, all in communication with a central processing hub. A local user signal is processed by the central processing hub and radiated through multiple paths to a plurality of the plurality of individual transponding platforms simultaneously. The signal is then re-radiated by each of the plurality of the plurality of individual transponding platforms to a mobile terminal that receives the re-radiated signal from the plurality of the plurality of individual transponding platforms coherently and in phase. The number of transponders and codes used to transmit each user signal can be readily adapted to user requirements. Additionally, each user is assigned a profit value by the central processing hub depending upon certain user characteristics. The assigned user profit value allows the total system utility/profitability to be maximized.

Abstract: A communications system (10) and method of operating the communications system includes a first stratospheric platform generating a second beam having a frequency the same as a satellite beam to the same service area. User terminals are configured to receive the first beam or the second beam.