Abstract: Liquid is accumulated above fluid displacement device which is moveable and sealed within a production chamber defined by a production tubing, and upward movement of the fluid displacement device is initiated to pump liquid and gas from a well, by different magnitudes of differential pressure created at the well bottom. Preferably the different magnitudes of differential pressure are created by fluid passageways having different cross-sectional areas.

Abstract: Liquid is lifted from a well by a fluid displacement device which moves within a production tubing and maintains a seal against the production tubing during movement. The fluid displacement device is moved up and down within the production tubing between the well bottom and the earth surface by applying gas to create opposite relative pressure differentials across the fluid displacement device. Preferably the pressure differentials are obtained from gas supplied from the well at natural formation pressure.

Abstract: Natural gas produced from a well by executing a multiple-phase gas recovery cycle which includes a phase during which a relatively lower evacuation pressure is applied within three chambers in the well to assist in accumulating liquids at a well bottom, followed by a liquid reduction phase which clears the liquid from two of the chambers while leaving the liquid in the third chamber. The remaining liquid is thereafter lifted in subsequent liquid capture and liquid removal phases. The liquid reduction phase clears the fluid from the well more effectively with less interruption in the production of gas from the well while maintaining the full gas productivity of the well.

Abstract: Liquid is lifted from a well by a traction seal fluid displacement device which is moveably positioned within the production tubing, and which maintains a seal during movement. The traction seal device comprises a resilient flexible toroid shaped structure within outside surface which contacts the inner sidewall of the production tubing and an inside surface which contacts itself to establish seals to these contact points as the outside surface rolls in essentially frictionless contact with in the production tubing. The toroid shaped structure is moved within the production chamber by applying a pressure differential across it. The pressure source is preferably natural gas at formation pressure.

Abstract: Liquid is lifted from a well by a traction seal fluid displacement device which is moveably positioned within the production tubing, and which maintains a seal during movement. The traction seal device comprises a resilient flexible toroid shaped structure within outside surface which contacts the inner sidewall of the production tubing and an inside surface which contacts itself to establish seals to these contact points as the outside surface rolls in essentially frictionless contact with in the production tubing. The toroid shaped structure is moved within the production chamber by applying a pressure differential across it. The pressure source is preferably natural gas at formation pressure.

Abstract: Natural gas produced from a well by executing a multiple-phase gas recovery cycle which includes a phase during which a relatively lower evacuation pressure is applied within three chambers in the well to assist in accumulating liquids at a well bottom, followed by a liquid reduction phase which clears the liquid from two of the chambers while leaving the liquid in the third chamber. The remaining liquid is thereafter lifted in subsequent liquid capture and liquid removal phases. The liquid reduction phase clears the fluid from the well more effectively with less interruption in the production of gas from the well while maintaining the full gas productivity of the well.

Abstract: Natural gas produced from a well by executing a multiple-phase gas recovery cycle which includes a phase during which a relatively lower evacuation pressure is applied within the entire well bore to assist in accumulating liquids at a well bottom. The relatively lower evacuation pressure augments the national earth formation pressure to produce natural gas and liquid more rapidly. The phases of the gas recovery cycle are also coordinated with the phase in which the relatively lower evacuation pressure is applied throughout the well to facilitate a greater natural gas production rate.

Abstract: Natural gas produced from a well by executing a multiple-phase gas recovery cycle which includes a phase during which a relatively lower evacuation pressure is applied within the entire well bore to assist in accumulating liquids at a well bottom. The relatively lower evacuation pressure augments the national earth formation pressure to produce natural gas and liquid more rapidly. The phases of the gas recovery cycle are also coordinated with the phase in which the relatively lower evacuation pressure is applied throughout the well to facilitate a greater natural gas production rate.

Abstract: An animal litter device includes a chamber that is rotatable about a generally horizontal axis, the chamber having a first-rotation position and a second-rotation position. An internal portion of the chamber is disposed at a bottom of the chamber when the chamber is in the its first rotation position whereat the chamber is usable by an animal, and this internal portion of the chamber is disposed generally at a top of the chamber when the chamber is in its second rotation position whereat the chamber is not usable by an animal. A dump opening is located at a second portion of the chamber, the dump opening being located at or near a top of the chamber when the chamber is in its first-rotation position, and being located at a bottom of the chamber when the chamber is in its second-rotatable position.

Abstract: An animal litter device includes a chamber that is rotatable about a generally horizontal axis, the chamber having a first-rotation position and a second-rotation position. An internal portion of the chamber is disposed at a bottom of the chamber when the chamber is in the its first rotation position whereat the chamber is usable by an animal, and this internal portion of the chamber is disposed generally at a top of the chamber when the chamber is in its second rotation position whereat the chamber is not usable by an animal. A dump opening is located at a second portion of the chamber, the dump opening being located at or near a top of the chamber when the chamber is in its first-rotation position, and being located at a bottom of the chamber when the chamber is in its second-rotatable position.

Abstract: A novel apparatus and method for producing oil and natural gas from an oil well in the later stages of the well's lifetime. The apparatus includes a one-way valve located at the bottom of the conventional production tubing and a string of macaroni tubing inserted inside of the production tubing. The three chambers defined by the casing, the production tubing, and the macaroni tubing, are connectable to either the suction or discharge manifolds of the apparatus, which are in turn connectable to a compressor. With the valves manipulated in the appropriate fashion by the controller, pressure differentials can be created in the down-hole region of the well to force oil first into the macaroni tubing and then force it up and out of the macaroni tubing and to the sales line. An optional plunger may be used to help reduce paraffin or scale buildup in the macaroni tubing.

Abstract: A cat litter device includes a rotatable chamber supported by a support base and has a motor mounted on the support base for rotating the rotatable chamber. The rotatable chamber includes a pair of openings, the first opening being suitable for ingress and egress of the animal, and the second opening being suitable for selective disposal of the waste material therethrough. The chamber includes a septum in the interior thereof which is attached to the chamber to form an inner compartment within the chamber. The inner compartment has an opening therein to place the compartment in fluid communication with the chamber, with the opening being selectively covered with a screen which is pivotally mounted to the septum.