Abstract: An Environmental Control System (ECS) for an aircraft includes a ram air system having a ram inlet and a ram outlet. The ECS includes a cabin air compressor motor, a diverter valve, and a dedicated outlet. The cabin air compressor motor has a motor inlet passage and a motor outlet passage with the motor inlet passage being coupled to the ram inlet. The diverter valve includes a first diverter inlet, a first diverter outlet, and a second diverter outlet. The first diverter inlet is coupled to the motor outlet passage. The dedicated outlet is connected to the first diverter outlet in a flight mode of operation of the aircraft and the ram outlet is connected to the second diverter outlet in a ground mode of operation of the aircraft.

Abstract: An air separation module includes a canister having an inlet end and an outlet end arranged along a canister axis, a separator supported within the canister and arranged to separate a compressed air flow received at the air separation module into an oxygen-depleted air flow fraction and an oxygen-enriched air flow fraction, and an inlet cap. The inlet cap is seated about the inlet end of the canister, contains therein a portion of the separator, and has an oxygen-enriched air outlet port fluidly separated from the outlet end of the canister by the separator for diverting the oxygen-enriched air flow fraction to the external environment. Nitrogen generation systems and methods of making air separation modules are also described.

Abstract: An annular water removal system (AWRS) for an air cycle environmental control system (ECS) includes a line replaceable unit (LRU) configured to output air flow, and a water collector coupled to the LRU. The water collector includes an upper portion and a lower portion. The upper portion includes a coalescing unit having a collector inlet to receive the air flow and configured to coalesce moisture from the air flow output from the LRU. The lower portion includes a collection unit in fluid communication with the coalescing unit. The collection unit is configured to collect the moisture coalesced by the coalescing unit.

Abstract: A method of tracking an engine cooler in an aircraft includes recording an orientation of the engine cooler as orientation N. Prognostic health management data of the aircraft is tracked. A maintenance check of the aircraft is performed based on the tracked prognostic health management data. Whether to rotate an orientation of the engine cooler is determined with an aircraft maintenance database based on the tracked prognostic health management data of the aircraft. A recommendation is provided by the aircraft maintenance database as to whether to rotate the engine cooler. The orientation of the engine cooler is recorded as orientation N+1.

Abstract: An air cycle machine includes a shaft rotatable about a shaft axis, a compressor section and a turbine section operably coupled to the compressor section. The compressor section includes a compressor housing and a compressor rotor connected to the shaft and the turbine section includes a turbine housing and a turbine rotor mounted to the shaft. At least one heat exchanger is positioned within one of the compressor housing and the turbine housing.

Abstract: An air cycle machine includes an outer housing, a first section arranged within the outer housing, and a second section arranged within the outer housing and operably coupled to the first section. The first section includes a first housing and a first rotatable component and the second section includes a second housing and a second rotatable component. At least a portion of a fluid flow path extending between an outlet of the first rotatable component and an inlet of the second rotatable component is arranged within the outer housing.

Abstract: An environmental control system of a vehicle includes a compressor having a compressor inlet configured to receive a first medium and a compressor outlet. A compressed first medium is provided at the compressor outlet. A conduit is configured to receive a second medium and a heat exchanger is mounted to the compressor. The heat exchanger is fluidly connected to a portion of the compressor and to the conduit.

Abstract: An annular water removal system (AWRS) for an air cycle environmental control system (ECS) includes a line replaceable unit (LRU) configured to output air flow, and a water collector coupled to the LRU. The water collector includes an upper portion and a lower portion. The upper portion includes a coalescing unit having a collector inlet to receive the air flow and configured to coalesce moisture from the air flow output from the LRU. The lower portion includes a collection unit in fluid communication with the coalescing unit. The collection unit is configured to collect the moisture coalesced by the coalescing unit.

Abstract: An aircraft pressure device includes a connection to ambient having a sensor body mounted to a fuselage of an aircraft. The sensor body includes a sense port. A sense line includes a first end connected to the sense port, a second end defining an opening in the fuselage, and an intermediate portion. A valve is arranged in the intermediate portion, the valve being operable to prevent fluid flow between the first end and the second end.

Abstract: A trim module having a first heat exchanger; a second heat exchanger; and a thermoelectric cooler (TEC) module thermally coupled between the heat exchangers; a mix manifold conduit fluidly coupled to the inlet of the first heat exchanger; a zone supply conduit fluidly coupled to the outlet of the first heat exchanger; a cabin return conduit fluidly coupled to the inlet of the second heat exchanger; an exhaust conduit fluidly coupled to the outlet of the second heat exchanger, wherein the TEC module is configured to operate in a first mode or a second mode, depending on a temperature within the zone supply conduit and a target temperature, and in the first mode, the TEC module transfers thermal energy from the first heat exchanger to the second heat exchanger; and in the second mode the TEC module transfers thermal energy from the second heat exchanger to the first heat exchanger.

Abstract: A water extractor is provided and includes a helical channel, a toroidal body encompassing the helical channel and defining an exhaust plenum beyond the helical channel and comprising a first outlet, an outer body defining a settling chamber about the toroidal body and including a second outlet and a drain and a scupper disposed to direct moisture, which is separated from a medium flowing through the helical channel, from the helical channel and into the settling chamber. The medium is flowable from the helical channel into the exhaust plenum and then sequentially through the first and second outlets to pressurize collected moisture flow from the settling chamber and through the drain.

Abstract: A heat exchanger includes a header and an annular core fluidly connected to the header. The annular core includes an inner diameter, an outer diameter, first flow channels arranged in a first set of layers, and second flow channels arranged in a second set of layers and interleaved with the first flow channels. Each of the first flow channels includes a first inlet, a first outlet, and a first axial region extending between the first inlet and the first outlet. Each of the second flow channels includes a second inlet, a second outlet, and a second axial region extending between the second inlet and the second outlet.

Abstract: A water extractor for use in an environmental control system includes a housing having an inlet end and an outlet end. A fog harvester assembly is mounted within the housing at a location between the inlet end and the outlet end. The fog harvester assembly includes at least one fog harvester insert having a condensing material including plurality of wires arranged in a wire array. At least one of the plurality of wires has a spiral configuration.

Abstract: An environmental control system is provided including a ram air circuit having a ram air duct and at least one heat exchanger arranged within the ram air duct. The ram air duct is curved about a ram axis. A compression device includes a compressor and at least one turbine operably coupled by a shaft rotatable about a shaft axis. The ram axis is arranged coaxially with the shaft axis.

Abstract: An air cycle machine includes an air inlet connected to an air cycle compressor. Air downstream of the air cycle compressor is connected to be delivered across a first turbine. The air cycle compressor is driven by the first turbine through a shaft. Air downstream of the first turbine is connected to a second turbine. The second turbine is connected to deliver air downstream. The second turbine is connected with a second shaft to drive a fan rotor. The fan rotor delivers a source of air across a primary heat exchanger positioned between the inlet and the air cycle compressor. The air cycle compressor and the first turbine are formed of a metal. The second turbine and the fan rotor are formed of non-metallic materials.

Abstract: An air separation module includes a separator, a canister, and a nominal-length end cap. The separator is arranged to separate ambient air into an oxygen-enriched air fraction and a nitrogen-enriched air fraction. The canister supports the separator and has a canister end flange, a canister intermediate flange and a canister end, the canister intermediate flange arranged between the canister end flange and the canister end. The nominal-length end cap is fixed to the canister end flange, and the separator extends between the canister end flange and the canister end. Nitrogen generation systems and methods of generating nitrogen-enriched air flows are also described.

Abstract: An environmental control system of an aircraft includes a primary heat exchanger, a secondary heat exchanger and an air cycle machine. The air cycle machine includes a compressor fluidly coupled to an outlet of the primary heat exchanger and an inlet of the secondary heat exchanger, a dehumidification system arranged in fluid communication with the outlet of the secondary heat exchanger, a first turbine fluidly coupled to an outlet of the secondary heat exchanger and optionally a second turbine disposed downstream of the first turbine that receives air from the first turbine in a normal mode a first humidity sensor disposed fluidly between the first turbine and the second turbine that measures humidity of air that has left the first turbine as it enters the second turbine in the normal mode.

Abstract: An air cycle machine includes an air inlet connected to an air cycle compressor. Air downstream of the air cycle compressor is connected to be delivered across a first turbine. The air cycle compressor is driven by the first turbine through a shaft. Air downstream of the first turbine is connected to a second turbine. The second turbine is connected to deliver air downstream. The second turbine is connected with a second shaft to drive a fan rotor. The fan rotor delivers a source of air across a primary heat exchanger positioned between the inlet and the air cycle compressor. The air cycle compressor and the first turbine are formed of a metal. The second turbine and the fan rotor are formed of non-metallic materials.

Abstract: A water separation mechanism includes a housing having a hollow interior, an inlet and an outlet, and a center body arranged within the hollow interior. A plurality of coalescing features are mounted about a periphery of the center body in a plurality of stages. The plurality of stages are arranged in series relative to a direction of an airflow through the housing. The plurality of coalescing features are configured to separate the airflow into a wet first airstream and a dry second airstream.

Abstract: A water extractor for use in an environmental control system, the water extractor comprising a housing having an inlet end and an outlet end, a swirling mechanism mounted within the housing, and a fog harvester assembly mounted within the housing at a location between the inlet end and the outlet end.