Abstract: A method of removal of cyanide and metal ions from electroplating waste waters is described. The cyanide, as hydrogen cyanide, is purged with air and then absorbed efficiently in 1.5% sodium hydroxide solution. The purge is effected by dispersing air bubbles in the waste water after adjusting the pH of the water to one within the range of from 4 to 6.5. The cyanide ions are converted to hydrogen cyanide and entrained in the air bubbles for transport to a separate vessel for absorbtion in the sodium hydroxide solution. The apparatus employed is a closed system to avoid the hazards associated with hydrogen cyanide.

Abstract: Process for catalytic dehydration of ethanol vapor to ethylene is provided which is carried out in the presence of water vapor, the mixture of ethanol and water vapor being contacted with the catalyst bed containing a substituted phosphoric acid catalyst. The catalyst comprises a catalyst support having absorbed thereon a substituted phosphoric acid in which one of the hydroxyl groups thereof has been replaced by a hydrophobic organic group containing from 4 to 22 carbons.

Abstract: An improved maleimide spin label, namely, N-(.sup.15 N-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetra-methyl-4-piperidinyl-d.sub.17) maleimide is provided for EPR spectroscopic investigations of biomedically relevant problems. Isotopic substitution of nitrogen-15 in the N--O bond and deuterium in the methyl groups (-CD.sub.3) and in all positions of the piperidine ring results in simplification of the EPR spectrum, greatly improved resolution, and a marked increase in signal intensity.

Abstract: Beta-halo esters, such as .beta.-haloalkyl benzoates or terephthalates, are prepared by halogenative cleavage of cyclic acetals using trimethyl phosphate (TMP) or borate to mediate the reaction. The .beta.-halo esters, which are obtained in high yields, can be used to form polymers or plasticizers. Neuromuscular blocking agents such as succinylcholine and related compounds can also be prepared.

Abstract: A novel process is disclosed for preparing hydrocarbon mixtures from methanol or trimethyl phosphate. The process comprises heating the methanol or trimethyl phosphate with phosphorus pentoxide, polyphosphoric acid or a species of polyphosphoric acid intermediate between the two reagents at a temperature of circa. 185.degree. C. to 300.degree. C. The hydrocarbon mixtures obtained are useful fuel and lubricant compositions.

Abstract: A process and solvent and/or reactant for halogenating organic compounds. The organic compounds are contacted with a solution of trialkyl phosphate and a halogen. The solution of trialkyl phosphate may additionally include phosphorous pentoxide.