Abstract: Methods and apparatus for improving mass transfer in microfluidic laminar stirring structures. The structures include a pair of opposite planar surfaces each configured with a series of dual-chevron grooves. Each series of grooves may include a preselected number of individual grooves that can be substantially identical to each other within each series. One or more series of such dual-chevron grooves may be consecutively formed along a planar surface which constitutes one cycle. Each planar surface may be an electrode layer within a fuel cell structure whereby laminar flows fuel or oxidant are directed past the grooved surfaces to induce stirring. In a preferable embodiment of the invention, a symmetrical stirred structure is provided wherein each of a pair of top and bottom layers are formed with dual-chevron grooves which are symmetrical and mirror images of each other.

Abstract: A MOSFET-based, multi signal-switching circuit controllably passes analog/audio signals and digital signals through a common terminal to a single connector. Analog/audio signals are coupled through a single N-channel MOSFET analog signal switch which, when turned-ON, minimizes distortion of the analog/audio signal and capacitive loading to an adjacent, MOS-based or CMOS-based digital data signal switch. A respective turn-OFF circuit maintains its associated switch MOSFET turned OFF.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a continuous process for the preparation of fructopyranose sulfamate derivatives of the general formula (I) wherein R1, R3, R4, R5, R6 and X are as herein defined. The present invention is further directed to a continuous process for the preparation of Topiramate.

Abstract: Systems and methods for handling input search engine data. A data store is searched based upon one or more data items contained within the input search engine data. The result of searching the data store is used to determine which data items in the input search engine data might be a search term. Search terms are extracted based upon the result of searching the data store.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a continuous process for the preparation of fructopyranose sulfamate derivatives of the general formula (I) 1

Abstract: A projection light source, and associated method, for generating an arcuate band of light, including an angular integrator, an image dissector, and a relay and remapper. The angular integrator includes a first face, a second face, and a plurality of triangular grooves longitudinally extending along the first face and the second face. The triangular grooves are separated in the transverse direction by gaps, and the triangular grooves on the first face lie in a substantially orthogonal direction to the triangular grooves on the second face. Light passes from the first face to the second face. The image dissector includes an input face, an output face, and plural elements that redirect light from the input face to the output face. The output face has a substantially rectangular shape that is different than that of the input face. At least one of the plural elements has at least one coating that reduces optical transmission efficiency of the element.

Abstract: A projection light source, and associated method, for generating an arcuate band of light, including an angular integrator, an image dissector, and a relay and remapper. The angular integrator includes a first face, a second face, and a plurality of triangular grooves longitudinally extending along the first face and the second face. The triangular grooves are separated in the transverse direction by gaps, and the triangular grooves on the first face lie in a substantially orthogonal direction to the triangular grooves on the second face. Light passes from the first face to the second face. The image dissector includes an input face, an output face, and plural elements that redirect light from the input face to the output face. The output face has a substantially rectangular shape that is different than that of the input face. At least one of the plural elements has at least one coating that reduces optical transmission efficiency of the element.

Abstract: A system for use by a multiplexing telecommunications interface that allows the interface to communicate with a larger variety of digital subscriber loop protocols, such as ISDN. For example, a remote terminal may include common equipment that allocates a limited bandwidth to particular channel cards. Such channel cards control the flow of information between a digital subscriber loop and a digital transmission facility. If the bandwidth allocated to a particular channel card is insufficient, a provisioning channel card may be used which will signal the common equipment that it exists and should be allocated to a bandwidth. However, the provisioning channel card will effectively provide its bandwidth to at least one other channel card, which will use the additional bandwidth to meet the requirements of a particular protocol, such as ISDN.