Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of Formula I and salts, hydrates, solvates, complexes, and prodrugs thereof. The present invention further provides methods for synthesizing compounds of Formula I. The invention additionally provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds of Formula I and methods of using the pharmaceutical compositions of Formula I to treat and prevent disorders and diseases associated with the RyR receptors that regulate calcium channel functioning in cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel compounds of Formula I and salts, hydrates, solvates, complexes, and prodrugs thereof. The present invention further provides methods for synthesizing compounds of Formula I. The invention additionally provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds of Formula I and methods of using the pharmaceutical compositions of Formula I to treat and prevent disorders and diseases associated with the RyR receptors that regulate calcium channel functioning in cells. Such disorders and diseases include, by way of example only, cardiac disorders and diseases, skeletal muscular disorders and diseases, cognitive disorders and diseases, malignant hyperthermia, diabetes, and sudden infant death syndrome.

Abstract: This invention provides methods and peptides for the inactivation of organophosphorus-based insecticides and chemical warfare agents. The instant methods include peptide screening methods, peptides and peptide libraries, related compositions of matter, articles of manufacture, and methods for prophylaxis, treatment, decontamination and detection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the discovery of a novel molecular pathway involved in long-term hyperexcitability of sensory neurons, which, in higher animals, is associated with persistent pain. It is based on the discovery that, following injury to an axon of a neuron, an increase in nitric oxide synthase activity results in increased nitric oxide production, which, in turn, activates guanylyl cyclase, thereby increasing levels of cGMP. Increased cGMP results in activation of protein kinase G (“PKG”), which then is retrogradely transported along the axon to the neuron cell body, where it phosphorylates MAPKerk.

Abstract: This invention provides analyte sensitive oligonucleotide compositions for detecting and analyzing analytes in solution, including complex solutions using cross reactive arrays of analyte sensitive oligonucleotide compositions.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel compounds of Formula I and salts, hydrates, solvates, complexes, and prodrugs thereof. The present invention further provides methods for synthesizing compounds of Formula I. The invention additionally provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds of Formula I and methods of using the pharmaceutical compositions of Formula I to treat and prevent disorders and diseases associated with the RyR receptors that regulate calcium channel functioning in cells. Such disorders and diseases include, by way of example only, cardiac disorders and diseases, skeletal muscular disorders and diseases, cognitive disorders and diseases, malignant hyperthermia, diabetes, and sudden infant death syndrome.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel dammarane compounds, compositions (e.g., pharmaceutical compositions) comprising the dammarane compounds, and methods for the synthesis of these dammarane compounds. Additionally, the present invention provides methods for inhibiting beta-amyloid peptide production and methods for treating or preventing a pathological condition, particularly, neurodegeneration diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's disease), using these dammarane compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel ginsenoside compounds, compositions (e.g. pharmaceutical compositions) comprising the ginsenoside compounds, and methods for the synthesis of these ginsenoside compounds. Additionally, the present invention provides methods for inhibiting beta-amyloid peptide production and methods for treating or preventing a pathological condition, particularly, neurodegeneration diseases (e.g. Alzheimer's disease), using these ginsenoside compounds.

Abstract: A method for controlling the blood glucose level of a patient and periodically calibrating the glucose sensor using a calibration solution. The method controls the level of blood glucose in a patient through an extracorporeal blood circuit by: withdrawing blood from a vascular system in the patient to the extracorporeal circuit; removing ultrafiltrate from the withdrawn blood in the circuit; determining a level of glucose present in the blood based on the removed ultrafiltrate; infusing at least a portion of the removed ultrafiltrate and the withdrawn blood into the vascular system, and infusing insulin into the patient based on the determined level of glucose.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for limiting or preventing a decrease in the level of RyR2-bound FKBP12.6 in a subject. The present invention further provides methods for treating and preventing atrial and ventricular cardiac arrhythmias, heart failure, and exercise-induced sudden cardiac death in a subject. Additionally, the present invention provides use of JTV-519 in a method for limiting or preventing a decrease in the level of RyR2-bound FKBP12.6 in a subject who has, or is a candidate for, atrial fibrillation. Also provided are uses of 1,4-benzothiazepine derivatives in methods for treating and preventing atrial and ventricular cardiac arrhythmias and heart failure in a subject, and for preventing exercise-induced sudden cardiac death. The present invention also provides methods for identifying agents for use in treating and preventing atrial fibrillation and heart failure, and agents identified by these methods.

Abstract: Complex of an anti-cocaine aptamer and the dye diethylthiotricarbocyanine behaves as a calorimetric sensor with attenuation in absorbance at 760 nm for cocaine in the concentration range of 2-5000 ?M. Mechanistic studies indicate an intermolecular displacement of the dye as the mechanism of action of the sensor. As the dye is insoluble in buffer, cocaine binding can be detected as displaced dye precipitates and supernatant decolorizes.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel 1,4-benzothiazepine intermediates and derivatives, methods for synthesizing same, and methods for assaying same. The present invention also provides methods for using these novel compounds to limit or prevent a decrease in the level of RyR2-bound FKBP12.6 in a subject; to prevent exercise-induced sudden cardiac death in a subject; and to treat or prevent heart failure, atrial fibrillation, or exercise-induced cardiac arrhythmia in a subject. The present invention further provides methods for identifying an agent that enhances binding of RyR2 and FKBP12.6, and agents identified by these methods. Additionally, the present invention provides methods for identifying agents for use in treating or preventing heart failure, atrial fibrillation, or exercise-induced cardiac arrhythmia, and in preventing exercise-induced sudden cardiac death. Also provided are agents identified by such methods.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel 1,4-benzothiazepine intermediates and derivatives, methods for synthesizing same, and methods for assaying same. The present invention also provides methods for using these novel compounds to limit or prevent a decrease in the level of RyR2-bound FKBPl2.6 in a subject; to prevent exercise-induced sudden cardiac death in a subject; and to treat or prevent heart failure, atrial fibrillation, or exercise-induced cardiac arrhythmia in a subject. The present invention further provides methods for identifying an agent that enhances binding of RyR2 and FKBP12.6, and agents identified by these methods. Additionally, the present invention provides methods for identifying agents for use in treating or preventing heart failure, atrial fibrillation, or exercise-induced cardiac arrhythmia, and in preventing exercise-induced sudden cardiac death. Also provided are agents identified by such methods.

Abstract: This invention provides hemodialysis solutions comprising certain amino acids in certain pre-determined amounts. This invention also provides methods and kits for performing dialysis in a manner which treats or inhibits the onset of malnutrition in the dialysis patient.

Abstract: Complex of an anti-cocaine aptamer and the dye diethylthiotricarbocyanine behaves as a calorimetric sensor with attenuation in absorbance at 760 nm for cocaine in the concentration range of 2-5000 ?M. Mechanistic studies indicate an intermolecular displacement of the dye as the mechanism of action of the sensor. As the dye is insoluble in buffer, cocaine binding can be detected as displaced dye precipitates and supernatant decolorizes.

Abstract: This invention provides analyte sensitive oligonucleotide compositions for detecting and analyzing analytes in solution, including complex solutions using cross reactive arrays of analyte sensitive oligonucleotide compositions.

Abstract: This invention provides analyte sensitive oligonucleotide compositions for detecting and analyzing analytes in solution, including complex solutions using cross reactive arrays of analyte sensitive oligonucleotide compositions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for determining the presence of a target organic molecule in a sample which comprises either (A): first, adding a substrate molecule to the sample, the substrate molecule being a conjugate of the target organic molecule and a reporter molecule; second, adding a catalytic monoclonal antibody to the sample which (1) recognizes and binds the target organic molecule when the target organic molecule is present in the sample and (2) recognizes and binds the substrate molecule when the target organic molecule is not present in the sample; and third detecting a change in the sample signifying the absence of the target organic molecule, the change being the product of an antibody-catalyzed reaction and thereby determining the presence of an organic molecule in the sample; or (B): first adding a substrate molecule to the sample, the substrate molecule being a conjugate of a molecule complementary to the target molecule and a reporter molecule; second adding a catalytic monoclonal