Abstract: A lifting mechanism includes a plurality of lift pins which may be driven separately and independently upward to engage an alignment surface of the chamber using ambient atmospheric pressure as the chamber is evacuated by a pump. In the illustrated embodiment, each lift pin includes a piston which is exposed to the internal chamber pressure on one side of the piston, and is exposed to the external ambient pressure on the other side of the piston. As the pump evacuates the chamber, the internal chamber pressure decreases, causing each lift pin piston to drive the associated lift pin upward. Once all the lift pins have securely engaged the alignment surface, the lift pins may be clamped to a linking mechanism to permit a motor to actuate the lift pins during processing operations.

Abstract: A rotateable substrate support having a rotateable base and a plurality of end effectors coupled to the rotateable base, and adapted to support a substrate. Each end effector has a removable finger extending from the rotateable base and adapted to contact an edge of a substrate supported by the plurality of end effectors, and/or a removable pad, removably coupled to a finger, and positioned so as to contact an edge of a substrate supported by the plurality of end effectors.

Abstract: An RF plasma etch reactor having an etch chamber with electrically conductive walls and a protective layer forming the portion of the walls facing the interior of the chamber. The protective layer prevents sputtering of material from the chamber walls by a plasma formed within the chamber. The etch reactor also has an inductive coil antenna disposed within the etch chamber which is used to generate the plasma by inductive coupling. Like the chamber walls, the inductive coil antenna is constructed to prevent sputtering of the material making up the antenna by the plasma. The coil antenna can take on any configuration (e.g. location, shape, orientation) that is necessary to achieve a desired power deposition pattern within the chamber. Examples of potential coil antenna configurations for achieving the desired power deposition pattern include constructing the coil antenna with a unitary or a segmented structure.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electro-chemical deposition system that is designed with a flexible architecture that is expandable to accommodate future designs and gap fill requirements and provides satisfactory throughput to meet the demands of other processing systems. The electro-chemical deposition system generally comprises a mainframe having a mainframe wafer transfer robot, a loading station disposed in connection with the mainframe, one or more processing cells disposed in connection with the mainframe, and an electrolyte supply fluidly connected to the one or more electrical processing cells.

Abstract: An RF plasma etch reactor having an etch chamber with electrically conductive walls and a protective layer forming the portion of the walls facing the interior of the chamber. The protective layer prevents sputtering of material from the chamber walls by a plasma formed within the chamber. The etch reactor also has an inductive coil antenna disposed within the etch chamber which is used to generate the plasma by inductive coupling. Like the chamber walls, the inductive coil antenna is constructed to prevent sputtering of the material making up the antenna by the plasma. The coil antenna can take on any configuration (e.g. location, shape, orientation) that is necessary to achieve a desired power deposition pattern within the chamber. Examples of potential coil antenna configurations for achieving the desired power deposition pattern include constructing the coil antenna with a unitary or a segmented structure.

Abstract: A gas injection system for injecting gases into a plasma reactor having a vacuum chamber with a sidewall, a pedestal for holding a semiconductor wafer to be processed, and a RF power applicator for applying RF power into the chamber. The gas injection system includes at least one gas supply containing gas, a gas distribution apparatus which has at least one slotted aperture facing the interior of the chamber, and one or more gas feed lines connecting the gas supply or supplies to the gas distribution apparatus. A preferred embodiment of a radial gas distribution apparatus in accordance with the present invention is disposed in the chamber sidewall and includes plural gas distribution nozzles each with a slotted aperture facing an interior of the chamber. Gas feed lines are employed to respectively connect each gas distribution nozzle to separate ones of the gas supplies.

Abstract: A process chamber for semiconductor wafers is formed of multiple compartments. A first compartment is provided for supplying an isolated environment for processing the wafers, and a second compartment is provided, in selective communication with the first compartment, to load and unload wafers from the chamber. The wafer handling equipment is located in the second compartment to isolate it from the process environment, and thus form a clean, non-contaminating, environment for the wafer handling equipment. When the chamber must be cleaned, only the first compartment must be cleaned, as no processing occurs in the second chamber. Therefore, the entire first chamber may be removed for cleaning, and replaced with a clean first compartment to decrease chamber turnaround time during chamber cleaning operations.

Abstract: The invention is carried out in a plasma reactor for processing a semiconductor wafer, the plasma reactor having a chamber for containing a processing gas and having a conductor connected to an RF power source for coupling RF power into the reactor chamber to generate from the processing gas a plasma inside the chamber, the chamber containing at least one surface exposed toward the plasma and susceptible to contamination by particles produced during processing of the wafer, the invention being carried out by promoting, during processing of the wafer, bombarding of particles from the plasma onto the one surface to remove therefrom contaminants deposited during processing of the wafer. Such promoting of bombarding is carried out by providing an RF power supply and coupling, during processing of the wafer, RF power from the supply to the one surface. The coupling may be performed by a capacitive cleaning electrode adjacent the one surface, the capacitive cleaning electrode connected to the RF power supply.

Abstract: The invention is embodied in a gas injection apparatus for injecting gases into a plasma reactor vacuum chamber having a chamber housing, a pedestal holding a workpiece to be processed, a device for applying RF energy into the chamber, the gas injection apparatus having a gas supply containing an etchant species in a gas, an opening in the chamber housing, a gas distribution apparatus disposed within the opening in the chamber housing which has at least one slotted aperture facing the interior of the chamber and a device for controlling the flow rate of gas from the one or more slotted apertures, and a gas feed line from the supply to the gas distribution apparatus. In a preferred embodiment, the gas distribution apparatus includes a center member surrounded by at least one annular member with a gap therebetween comprising the slotted aperture. Preferably, each of the members of the gas distribution apparatus comprises a material at least nearly impervious to attack from the etchant species.

Abstract: A process chamber for semiconductor wafers is formed of multiple compartments. A first compartment is provided for supplying an isolated environment for processing the wafers, and a second compartment is provided, in selective communication with the first compartment, to load and unload wafers from the chamber. The wafer handling equipment is located in the second compartment to isolate it from the process environment, and thus form a clean, non-contaminating, environment for the wafer handling equipment. When the chamber must be cleaned, only the first compartment must be cleaned, as no processing occurs in the second chamber. Therefore, the entire first chamber may be removed for cleaning, and replaced with a clean first compartment to decrease chamber turnaround time during chamber cleaning operations.

Abstract: The invention is embodied in a gas injection apparatus for injecting gases into a plasma reactor vacuum chamber having a chamber housing, a pedestal holding a workpiece to be processed, means for applying RF energy into the chamber, the gas injection apparatus having a gas supply containing an etchant species in a gas, an opening in the chamber housing, a gas feed line from the supply to the opening in the chamber housing, and gas distribution apparatus near the opening in the chamber housing, the gas feed apparatus having at least one slit nozzle facing the interior of the chamber. In a preferred embodiment, the gas distribution apparatus includes a disk member surrounded by at least one annular member with a gap therebetween comprising the slit nozzle, the disk member and annular member blocking gas flow through the opening in the chamber housing. Preferably, each of the members of the gas distribution apparatus comprises a material at least nearly impervious to attack from the etchant species.

Abstract: Capacitive coupling and RF power dissipation is advantageously reduced in the present invention by employing an RF coil having plural coil sections, each coil section connected across an RF source, commonly tapped ones of the coil sections being wound in opposite directions. Capacitive coupling and RF power dissipation is further reduced by employing a top lid having an outer insulating annulus and an inner conducting disk portion, the conducting disk portion being displaced or spaced apart from the coil by the width of the annulus. This displacement significantly reduces the RF power dissipation or coupling from the top winding of the coil to the lid. Furthermore, the plural coil sections or mirror coil configuration reduces sputtering of insulative material induced by capacitive RF coupling.