Abstract: Apparatus that uses a supply of superheated steam to heat a supply of white water and optionally one or more supplies of clean water by means of heat exchangers. The heat exchanger used to heat the white water uses baffle trays to accommodate the contaminants in the white water.

Abstract: Apparatus and process for the removal of moisture from cellulosic products such as pulp, paper and molded articles, and textile products, wherein gaseous water (steam) in a superheated state is utilized in an energy efficient manner as the drying medium. The apparatus is an enclosed system the operates continuously to dry the products while preventing air contamination from entering the apparatus and thereby reducing its drying efficiency. The apparatus comprises a plurality of drying sections wherein the number of drying sections connected in series is a function of the type and volume of the product or products to be dried. Within each drying section there exists indirect steam heating means, steam-recirculation means, an individual steam-supply chamber, and sections of a steam-return chamber which is open and common to all drying sections in the series.

Abstract: A dryer of the tenter type has at least one air circulating unit consisting of a series of blowers drawing air from the drying chamber through a heater common to the series. The fans of the blower deliver reheated air back into the drying chamber in a manner such that each fan delivers air between a different pair of courses of the fabric travelling through the drying chamber. The blower which delivers drying air to the courses which include the exiting course is operable to deliver air thereto at a temperature lower than that established by the heater, a result attained by bypassing withdrawn air about the heater, by utilizing ambient air entering the dryer to make up for that lost by vapor withdrawal, or by combinations of bypassed and such make up air.