Abstract: An automated computerized trading system is provided wherein a decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) includes a wallet having blockchain-based, smart-contract controlled cryptoassets associated with a commodity. The DAO receives data infeed from Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) from the blockchain to obtain cryptoasset price data and from an exchange to obtain commodity price data. The DAO stores commodity price and cryptoasset price spread targets and automatically initiates trading activity based on the price spread targets. A governance smart contract automatically distributes governance cryptoassets to public wallets that have contributed the crytpoassets to the DAO wallet.

Abstract: In accordance with the principles of the present invention a non-biased, computer-implemented financial instrument electronic trading system and electronic central clearinghouse are provided. The electronic trading system and electronic central clearinghouse operate to provide electronic trading of financial instruments that are non-biased in that the electronic trading system and electronic clearing house address at least one of two effects that result from the difference between variation margin on a cleared financial instrument and collateral posted on an uncleared financial instrument, the first effect being a systematic advantage of being short the financial instrument when there is a correlation between the value of the financial instrument and interest rates, referred to as a convexity bias, and the second effect being a distortion in the financial instrument when an underlying asset value of the financial instrument changes, referred to as a net present value (NPV) effect.

Abstract: In accordance with the principles of the present invention a non-biased, computer-implemented financial instrument electronic trading system and electronic central clearinghouse are provided. The electronic trading system and electronic central clearinghouse operate to provide electronic trading of financial instruments that are non-biased in that the electronic trading system and electronic clearing house address at least one of two effects that result from the difference between variation margin on a cleared financial instrument and collateral posted on an uncleared financial instrument, the first effect being a systematic advantage of being short the financial instrument when there is a correlation between the value of the financial instrument and interest rates, referred to as a convexity bias, and the second effect being a distortion in the financial instrument when an underlying asset value of the financial instrument changes, referred to as a net present value (NPV) effect.

Abstract: In accordance with the principles of the present invention a non-biased, computer-implemented financial instrument electronic trading system and electronic central clearinghouse are provided. The electronic trading system and electronic central clearinghouse operate to provide electronic trading of financial instruments that are non-biased in that the electronic trading system and electronic clearing house address at least one of two effects that result from the difference between variation margin on a cleared financial instrument and collateral posted on an uncleared financial instrument, the first effect being a systematic advantage of being short the financial instrument when there is a correlation between the value of the financial instrument and interest rates, referred to as a convexity bias, and the second effect being a distortion in the financial instrument when an underlying asset value of the financial instrument changes, referred to as a net present value (NPV) effect.

Abstract: A blockchain enabled electronic futures trading system and method provided which allows for optional computerized delivery of cryptocurrency. A trade determination system allows a buyer and seller computer system to trade a future on a cryptocurrency such as bitcoin. Additionally, the trade determination system communicates with a central clearing computer system that allows the seller to provide, using the block chain, an amount of bitcoin equal to or greater than the underlying future by transferring the bitcoin from a seller bitcoin wallet associated with the seller computer system to a central clearing bitcoin wallet associated with the central clearing computer system. Upon the expiration date of the future, the seller may optionally select to provide to the buyer the bitcoin that was previously transferred to the central clearing bitcoin wallet instead of fiat currency. Additionally, the future may be associated with an upper boundary price and a lower boundary price.

Abstract: A method and device for executing the method to: control an unused transaction output (utxo) stored in a first digital wallet of a first user according to a private key of the first user; generate a transaction for transferring rights over the utxo from the first digital wallet to a second digital wallet; generate a cryptographic hash of the transaction into a unique transaction identification of the transaction; transmit the unique transaction identification of the transaction to a party other than the first user; in response to transmission of the unique transaction identification of the transaction, receive a redeem transaction cryptographically signed by a private key of the party other than the first user; cryptographically sign the received redeem transaction with the private key of the first user; store the redeem transaction in the first digital wallet; and transmit confirmation that the redeem transaction is valid.

Abstract: In accordance with the principles of the present invention a non-biased, computer-implemented financial instrument electronic trading system and electronic central clearinghouse are provided. The electronic trading system and electronic central clearinghouse operate to provide electronic trading of financial instruments that are non-biased in that the electronic trading system and electronic clearing house address at least one of two effects that result from the difference between variation margin on a cleared financial instrument and collateral posted on an uncleared financial instrument, the first effect being a systematic advantage of being short the financial instrument when there is a correlation between the value of the financial instrument and interest rates, referred to as a convexity bias, and the second effect being a distortion in the financial instrument when an underlying asset value of the financial instrument changes, referred to as a net present value (NPV) effect.

Abstract: In accordance with the principles of the present invention a non-biased, computer-implemented financial instrument electronic trading system and electronic central clearinghouse are provided. The electronic trading system and electronic central clearinghouse operate to provide electronic trading of financial instruments that are non-biased in that the electronic trading system and electronic clearing house address at least one of two effects that result from the difference between variation margin on a cleared financial instrument and collateral posted on an uncleared financial instrument, the first effect being a systematic advantage of being short the financial instrument when there is a correlation between the value of the financial instrument and interest rates, referred to as a convexity bias, and the second effect being a distortion in the financial instrument when an underlying asset value of the financial instrument changes, referred to as a net present value (NPV) effect.

Abstract: In accordance with the principles of the present invention, a computer-implemented, back-office method of creating, centrally clearing, and settling a non-biased financial instrument through an electronic trading platform and an electronic central clearinghouse to effectuate payments between parties to a trade is provided. The present invention addresses at least one of two effects that result from the difference between variation margin on a cleared financial instrument and collateral posted on an uncleared financial instrument, the first effect being a systematic advantage of being short the financial instrument when there is a correlation between the value of the financial instrument and interest rates, referred to as a convexity bias, and the second effect being a distortion in the financial instrument when an underlying asset value of the financial instrument changes, referred to as a net present value (NPV) effect.

Abstract: A blockchain enabled electronic futures trading system and method provided which allows for optional computerized delivery of cryptocurrency. A trade determination system allows a buyer and seller computer system to trade a future on a cryptocurrency such as bitcoin. Additionally, the trade determination system communicates with a central clearing computer system that allows the seller to provide, using the block chain, an amount of bitcoin equal to or greater than the underlying future by transferring the bitcoin from a seller bitcoin wallet associated with the seller computer system to a central clearing bitcoin wallet associated with the central clearing computer system. Upon the expiration date of the future, the seller may optionally select to provide to the buyer the bitcoin that was previously transferred to the central clearing bitcoin wallet instead of fiat currency.

Abstract: A system for electronically trading a rate-negotiated, standardized-coupon financial instrument said system including a memory receiving a coupon negotiated between two parties. At least one forward curve and a discount curve are implied or approximated by at least one processor in communication with the memory to be economically equivalent to the negotiated coupon. An economically equivalent value for a swap with a different coupon is determined by at least one processor. The economically equivalent value can comprise the net present value (NPV) of the interest rate swap written as the difference between the present values of two interest payment legs. In the case of a vanilla swap the two legs correspond to fixed coupon payments and floating coupon payments in the case of a basis swap, one leg is the floating coupon payments with a reference rate plus a fixed coupon, and the other leg is floating coupon payments with a different reference rate.

Abstract: In accordance with the principles of the present invention, a non-biased, centrally-cleared financial instrument, and method of electronic clearing and settling such a financial instrument is provided. The non-biased, centrally-cleared financial instrument of the present invention is to be centrally cleared and can be traded or transacted either on or off an exchange or trading platform, whether traded as a future or other type of financial instrument. The non-biased, centrally-cleared financial instrument of the present invention has a terminal value such that the terminal value offsets co-movement of variation margin and investment return on the variation margin during the life of the financial instrument.

Abstract: In accordance with the principles of the present invention, a non-biased, centrally-cleared financial instrument, and method of electronic clearing and settling such a financial instrument is provided. The non-biased, centrally-cleared financial instrument of the present invention is to be centrally cleared and can be traded or transacted either on or off an exchange or trading platform, whether traded as a future or other type of financial instrument. The non-biased, centrally-cleared financial instrument of the present invention has a terminal value such that the terminal value offsets co-movement of variation margin and investment return on the variation margin during the life of the financial instrument.

Abstract: A digital asset settlement method includes receiving from a first user an authorization for a conditional transaction involving a digital right, which has been digitized on a distributed ledger, matching the authorization for transaction from the first user with an authorization for transaction from at least one other user, settling the transaction between at least the first and other users if the conditional is met, and memorializing the settled transaction on the distributed ledger.

Abstract: A digital asset settlement method includes receiving from a first user an authorization for a conditional transaction involving a digital right, which has been digitized on a distributed ledger, matching the authorization for transaction from the first user with an authorization for transaction from at least one other user, settling the transaction between at least the first and other users if the conditional is met, and memorializing the settled transaction on the distributed ledger.

Abstract: A digital asset settlement method includes receiving from a first user an authorization for a conditional transaction involving a digital right, which has been digitized on a distributed ledger, matching the authorization for transaction from the first user with an authorization for transaction from at least one other user, settling the transaction between at least the first and other users if the conditional is met, and memorializing the settled transaction on the distributed ledger.

Abstract: A digital asset settlement method includes receiving from a first user an authorization for a conditional transaction involving a digital right, which has been digitized on a distributed ledger, matching the authorization for transaction from the first user with an authorization for transaction from at least one other user, settling the transaction between at least the first and other users if the conditional is met, and memorializing the settled transaction on the distributed ledger.

Abstract: In accordance with the principles of the present invention, a method for trading and clearing a volatility or variance-defined, standardized derivative financial instrument is provided. A financial instrument in either volatility or variance terms is negotiated. The realized variance to date on an underlying of that derivative financial instrument is determined. After the derivative financial instrument is negotiated and the realized variance to date is determined, at least one centrally-cleared financial instrument with a price derived from the volatility or variance terms and the realized variance to date on the underlying of that derivative financial instrument is delivered. Thus, a financial instrument negotiated in either volatility or variance terms is substituted with an equivalent position in a standardized, centrally-cleared financial instrument.

Abstract: In accordance with the principles of the present invention, a method for trading and clearing a volatility or variance-defined, standardized derivative financial instrument is provided. A financial instrument in either volatility or variance terms is negotiated. The realized variance to date on an underlying of that derivative financial instrument is determined. After the derivative financial instrument is negotiated and the realized variance to date is determined, at least one centrally-cleared financial instrument with a price derived from the volatility or variance terms and the realized variance to date on the underlying of that derivative financial instrument is delivered. Thus, a financial instrument negotiated in either volatility or variance terms is substituted with an equivalent position in a standardized, centrally-cleared financial instrument.

Abstract: In accordance with the principles of the present invention, a method for trading and clearing a volatility or variance-defined, standardized derivative financial instrument is provided. A financial instrument in either volatility or variance terms is negotiated. The realized variance to date on an underlying of that derivative financial instrument is determined. After the derivative financial instrument is negotiated and the realized variance to date is determined, at least one centrally-cleared financial instrument with a price derived from the volatility or variance terms and the realized variance to date on the underlying of that derivative financial instrument is delivered. Thus, a financial instrument negotiated in either volatility or variance terms is substituted with an equivalent position in a standardized, centrally-cleared financial instrument.