Abstract: A lamp dimming system, designed to be added to existing HID fixtures with an absolute minimum of installation time and no external wiring is disclosed. Any existing ballast may be converted to a bi-level device for intelligent energy savings. The modification kit is wired in series with one of the lamp leads to effect both powering of the unit and control of the lamp. All timing and control is on an individual lamp basis so that the lamp temperature stabilization is completed before dimming is attempted. No external wiring, either to power the control unit or to effect control of the lamp dimming is required. Several versions are described. In one version the unit senses an occupant and stops dimming both of itself and other lamps in a network. In another version the unit receives a radio command to dim or brighten, which is inhibited until the initial power up delay sequence is completed. Self powered versions of both receiver and transmitter implementations are included.

Abstract: The yield of cement clinker recovered from a kiln assembly is enhanced by feeding a particulate material comprising silica and an oxide of at least one of calcium and aluminum, for example, fly ash into contact with hot cement clinker; the fly ash melts to a partially fused material which chemically reacts with the hot clinker to produce a pyroprocessed cement clinker of crystalline hydraulic silicates; the extruder is added to the hot cement clinker downstream of the formation of the cement clinker, and suitably is added to the hot cement clinker at the upstream end of the cooler of the kiln assembly, or within the kiln, downstream of the burning zone, and more especially in the initial cooling zone at the discharge end of the kiln.

Abstract: The quartz shadow ring of a conventional plasma etching apparatus is desirably coated with material which inhibits the liberation of oxygen into the plasma. Investigation has shown that the liberated oxygen degrades etching uniformity across the wafer.

Abstract: A combination of a class C fly ash having a high analytical content of CaO, and a silica fume, with a hydraulic cement, such as Portland cement, produces concrete with alkali-silica reactive aggregate having acceptable low expansion such as by ASTM C 1260; and also produces sulphate resistance with mineral aggregates generally.

Abstract: Ground bottom ash, a waste material derived from combustion of coal, which presents a disposal problem, replaces part of the cement in a cementitious material useful in concretes and mortars and provides compressive strengths in concretes comparable with or better than corresponding cements in which there is no replacement of cement by ground bottom ash and cements containing fly ash.

Abstract: A cement mix based on an inorganic hydraulic cement, for example, Portland Cement, an air-cooled blast furnace slag and silica fume produces concretes having strength characteristics superior to those achieved by the cement alone; furthermore this cement mix is superior to a corresponding mix based on the inorganic hydraulic cement, and the air-cooled slag without the silica fume, and to a corresponding mix based on the cement and silica fume without the slag; additionally a cost saving in the expensive Portland Cement is achieved by use of the air-cooled slag which is a waste material and cheaper than granulated or pelletized slag.

Abstract: A method of enhancing recovery of viscous petroleum is provided. A hydrocarbons mixture comprising hydrocarbons having a selected range of boiling points, all higher than that of water, is injected at relatively low concentrations along with steam. The range and distribution of hydrocarbon boiling points in the mixture to be injected may be selected by experiment or calculations.

Abstract: An electrometric apparatus, which uses a measuring device that provides a high impedance dc signal which varies in accordance with the variable to be measured. The dc signal is amplified by at least one amplifier means and the amplified signal is applied to an indicating means which indicates the amplitude of the amplified dc signal. The supply voltage for the amplifier means is provided by a dc power supply means connected through a regulating means to positive and negative supply busses and for the amplifier means. The regulating means includes a transistor having its emitter-collector circuit connected in series between the power supply means and the positive supply bus of the amplifier means. A resistor and a Zener diode are connected in series and the series combination is shunt connected between the supply busses. A pair of series connected resistors are shunt connected between the supply busses.