Abstract: Disclosed is a pipe joint restraint system for restraining two coupled pipe ends or a pipe end and at least one fitting. The device is used in conjunction with a hubless coupling or a No-Hub® coupling designed for drainage and sewer pipes of no pressure or low pressure. At least two adjustable circumferential bands with an abrasive grit material adhesively attached to the interior contact portion of the bands are situated one on each side of the hubless coupling, and are fixedly joined by a plurality of spread restrictor braces. The spread restrictor braces contain 45 degree upward bends to create a space between the adjustable circumferential bands and the pipe for the coupling which serve to prevent separation of the pipe connection under pressure conditions. The pipe joint restraint assembly may be tightened by a fastener assembly containing fully threaded bolts, a barrel nut, and a trunnion.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for preparing and dispensing a liquid deicer. The apparatus and method allow deicer ingredients or precursors to be combined in an exothermic reaction to produce a heated deicer at the location where it will be used. In one implementation, potassium hydroxide and acetic acid are combined using the apparatus and method to make hot potassium acetate for use in numerous deicer applications, including deicing of airport runways.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for preparing and dispensing a liquid deicer. The apparatus and method allow deicer ingredients or precursors to be combined in an exothermic reaction to produce a heated deicer at the location where it will be used. In one implementation, potassium hydroxide and acetic acid are combined using the apparatus and method to make hot potassium acetate for use in numerous deicer applications, including deicing of airport runways.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for preparing and dispensing a liquid deicer. The apparatus and method allow deicer ingredients or precursors to be combined in an exothermic reaction to produce a heated deicer at the location where it will be used. In one implementation, potassium hydroxide and acetic acid are combined using the apparatus and method to make hot potassium acetate for use in numerous deicer applications, including deicing of airport runways.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for preparing and dispensing a liquid deicer. The apparatus and method allow deicer ingredients or precursors to be combined in an exothermic reaction to produce a heated deicer at the location where it will be used. In one implementation, potassium hydroxide and acetic acid are combined using the apparatus and method to make hot potassium acetate for use in numerous deicer applications, including deicing of airport runways.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for preparing and dispensing a liquid deicer. The apparatus and method allow deicer ingredients or precursors to be combined in an exothermic reaction to produce a heated deicer at the location where it will be used. In one implementation, potassium hydroxide and acetic acid are combined using the apparatus and method to make hot potassium acetate for use in numerous deicer applications, including deicing of airport runways.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for preparing and dispensing a liquid deicer is disclosed. The apparatus and method allow deicer ingredients or precursors to be combined in an exothermic reaction to produce a heated deicer at the location where it will be used. In one implementation, potassium hydroxide and acetic acid are combined using the apparatus and method to make hot potassium acetate for use in numerous deicer applications, including deicing of airport runways.

Abstract: A salt flux composition comprising a high purity salt and additives is used in the recycle of scrap aluminum to increase the recovery of aluminum. The additives include an alkaline agent and a fluoride source.

Abstract: A salt flux composition comprising a high purity salt and additives is used in the recycle of scrap aluminum to increase the recovery of aluminum. The additives include an alkaline agent and a fluoride source.

Abstract: A salt flux composition comprising a high purity salt and additives is used in the recycle of scrap aluminum to increase the recovery of aluminum. The additives include an alkaline agent and a fluoride source.

Abstract: A salt flux composition comprising a standard purity salt and additives is used in the recycle of scrap aluminum to increase the recovery of aluminum. The additives include a carbon source, an alkaline agent and a fluoride source.

Abstract: A liquid deicing composition comprising MgCl.sub.2 or bittern and an organic inhibitor selected from the group consisting of triethanolamine, triethanolamine acid salts, citric acid, metal salts of citric acid and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A deicing composition which includes NaCl, a water soluble magnesium salt and a water soluble dihydrogen orthophosphate is described. A method for deicing utilizing the composition also is described.

Abstract: A method and composition are described for the prevention of the mushing or the disintegration of solid sodium chloride in an aqueous medium.

Abstract: A low boiling, water soluble organic solvent is added to a saturated brine to thereby reduce the salt solubility of the brine and cause precipitation of the salt. The precipitated salt is filtered out and dried. The remaining brine-solvent mixture is distilled to remove the solvent which is reused. Unsaturated brine that is generally free of solvent is returned for resaturation with salt.