Abstract: A push-pull betatron accelerator with two coaxial betatron tubes in which two electron beams are alternately accelerated in opposite directions of rotation. Both tubes are linked by the same alternating current accelerating flux produced by one or more accelerating flux coils. The betatron tubes are provided with guide fields having alternating current components which are in the same direction and having direct current biasing components which are in opposite directions. One electron beam is accelerated when the accelerating flux is changing between its negative maximum and its positive maximum, while the other beam is accelerated when the accelerating flux is changing between its positive maximum and its negative maximum.

Abstract: A divertor for removal of unwanted materials from the interior of a magnetic plasma confinement device includes the division of the wall of the device into segments insulated from each other in order to apply an electric field having a component perpendicular to the confining magnetic field. The resulting crossed-field drift causes electrically charged particles to be removed from the outer part of the confinement chamber to a pumping chamber. This method moves the particles quickly past the saddle point in the poloidal magnetic field where they would otherwise tend to stall, and provides external control over the rate of removal by controlling the magnitude of the electric field.